2022–23 European windstorm season
First storm formed | 14 September 2022 |
---|---|
Last storm dissipated | Season ongoing |
Strongest storm1 | Efrain 955 hPa (28.20 inHg)[1] |
Strongest wind gust | Cláudio 185 km/h (115 mph; 100 kn)[2] |
Total storms | 18 (23 including University of Berlin named storms) |
Total damage | €2 Million (£1.7 Million)[citation needed] |
Total fatalities | 26 dead, 1 missing (all in Italy)[citation needed] |
1Strongest storm is determined by lowest pressure and maximum recorded non-mountainous wind gust is also included for reference. ← 2021-22 2023-24 → |
The 2022–23 European windstorm season is the eighth season of the European windstorm naming in Europe. The new season's storm names were announced on 1 September 2022. Storms that occur up until 31 August 2023 will be included in this season. This was the fourth season where the Netherlands participated, alongside the United Kingdom's Met Office and Ireland's Met Éireann in the western group. The Portuguese, Spanish, French and Belgian meteorological agencies collaborated for the sixth time, joined by Luxembourg's agency (South-western Group). This is the second season where Greece, Israel and Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean group), and Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Malta (Central Mediterranean Group) named storms which affected their areas.
Background and naming
In 2015, the Met Office and Met Éireann announced a project to name storms as part of the "Name our Storms" project for windstorms and asked the public for suggestions. The meteorological offices produced a full list of names for 2015–2016 through 2017–2018, common to both the United Kingdom and Ireland, with the Netherlands taking part from 2019 onwards. Names in the United Kingdom will be based on the National Severe Weather Warning Service.
There are two main naming lists: one created by the national meteorological agencies of the United Kingdom, Ireland, and the Netherlands, and another created by the equivalent agencies from France, Spain, Portugal, and Belgium. Additionally, former Atlantic hurricanes will retain their names as assigned by the National Hurricane Center of the United States.[3]
Western Group (United Kingdom, Ireland and the Netherlands)
The following names were chosen for the 2022–23 season in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and the Netherlands.[4] For a windstorm to be named, the United Kingdom's Met Office, Ireland's Met Eireann, and the Netherlands KNMI have to issue an amber weather warning, preferably for wind, but a storm can also be named for amber warnings of rain and snow (e.g Storm Arwen in 2021). [5]
|
|
|
South-western Group (France, Spain, Portugal, Belgium and Luxembourg)
This was the sixth year in which the meteorological agencies of France, Spain and Portugal named storms that affected their areas. [6]
|
|
|
Eastern Mediterranean Group (Greece, Israel and Cyprus)
The following names were chosen for the 2022–23 season in Greece, Israel and Cyprus.[7]
|
|
|
|
Central Mediterranean Group (Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, Albania and Malta)
The following names were chosen for the 2022–23 season in Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, Albania and Malta.[8]
|
|
|
Northern Group (Iceland, Denmark, Norway, Finland and Sweden)
This naming group, like the naming from the University of Berlin, does not use a naming list but names storms when it has not received a name by any other meteorological service in Europe and is projected to affect Iceland, Denmark, Norway, Finland or Sweden.
Central & Southern Group (Germany, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Austria)
The University of Berlin names storms based on low pressures across the continent and does not use a naming list.
|
Ex-Atlantic Hurricanes
Two former Atlantic systems (both of them being a hurricane) transitioned into a European windstorm and retained its name as assigned by the National Hurricane Center in Miami, Florida:
|
Season summary
All storms named by European meteorological organisations in their respective forecasting areas, as well as Atlantic hurricanes that transitioned into European windstorms and retained the name assigned by the National Hurricane Center:
Storms
Ex-Hurricane Danielle
Ex-Hurricane Danielle | |
---|---|
Area affected | Portugal, Western Spain |
Date of impact | 8–15 September 2022 |
Maximum wind gust | 115 km/h (71 mph; 62 kn)[citation needed] |
Lowest pressure | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg)[citation needed] |
Fatalities | 0 |
Power outages | Unspecified |
Damage | Minimal |
The remnants of Hurricane Danielle became an extratropical cyclone that impacted Portugal and parts of western Spain. It had previously been a category 1 hurricane that transitioned into a post-tropical cyclone on 8 September well north of the Azores. It dissipated off the coast of Portugal on 15 September.[9]
Large waves and heavy rain hit the Azores.[10] Danielle made an extratropical cyclone landfall in Portugal, bringing heavy rain to the country. Between September 12–13, 644 accidents were reported throughout the country. While many downed trees and flash floods were reported, no fatalities resulted from the downpours.[11][12] In Manteigas, floods and landslides caused major damage.[13] Four vehicles were dragged into the Zêzere River. Heavy rain extended to as far out as Braga. Covilhã saw 67.2 millimetres (2.65 in) of rain while Viseu saw 62 millimetres (2.4 in) of rain. Minor wind and flooding damage was reported in both Lisbon and Setúbal. The Portuguese government issued a "state of calamity" after Danielle passed by.[14] Spain also received heavy rain when Danielle hit.[15]
Storm Ana (Reili)
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2022) |
Storm Ana | |
---|---|
Area affected | France, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Hungary, Slovakia, Western Ukraine, Poland[16][17] |
Date of impact | 15–21 September 2022 |
Maximum wind gust | 175 km/h (109 mph) |
Fatalities | 12 dead, 50 injured, 1 missing (all in Italy)[citation needed] |
Damage | Flooding in the Marche region of Italy. Heavy rain in the Balkans.[citation needed] |
Storm Ana was named on 15 September by the Italian Meteorological Service,[16] with the same storm receiving the name Reili from the Free University of Berlin.[16] The storm caused devastating floods in the Italian region of Marche between 15 and 16 September, mainly affecting the city of Ancona, killing 12 people[18][19] and wounding 50 more. One person is still missing.[20] All the fatalities occurred in Ancona.[21][22][23] Afterwards, the system weakened and dissipated on 21 September.[24]
Storm Bogdan (Ute)
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2022) |
Storm Bogdan | |
---|---|
Area affected | Tunisia, Italy, Greece, Balkans |
Date of impact | 24–29 September 2022 |
Maximum wind gust | 165 km/h (103 mph; 89 kn)[citation needed] |
Fatalities | 0 |
Damage | Unspecified |
Storm Bogdan was named by the Italian Meteorological Service on 24 September.[25] Weather warnings were also put in place in Greece.[26] The system dissipated on 29 September.[27]
Storm Clio
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2022) |
Storm Clio | |
---|---|
Area affected | Montenegro, Italy |
Date of impact | 25–26 September 2022 |
Maximum wind gust | 155 km/h (96 mph)[citation needed] |
Fatalities | None |
Damage | Unspecified |
On 25 September, Storm Clio was named by the Institute of Hydrometeorology and Seismology of Montenegro [8] The storm brought light rain and a moderate breeze to the country, however, the European Severe Storms Laboratory did not document any severe weather reports in Montenegro from Storm Clio.[2]
Storm Dino
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2022) |
Storm Dino | |
---|---|
Area affected | Italy, Greece, Balkans, Eastern Europe |
Date of impact | 30 September - 6 October 2022 |
Maximum wind gust | 120 km/h (75 mph; 65 kn)[citation needed] |
Fatalities | None |
Damage | Unspecified |
Storm Dino was named by the Italian Meteorological Service on 30 September 2022, a gust of 84 miles per hour (135 km/h) was recorded.[28] It later went on to affect Greece and brought winds of up to 85 kilometres per hour (53 mph).[citation needed] The storm dissipated on 6 October 2022.[29]
Storm Bettina
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2022) |
Storm Bettina | |
---|---|
Area affected | Iceland & Svalbard |
Date of impact | 7–13 October 2022 |
Maximum wind gust | 49 m/s (175 km/h; 110 mph; 95 kn)[2] |
Lowest pressure | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg)[30] |
Fatalities | None |
Damage | Unspecified |
Storm Bettina was named by the Deutscher Wetterdienst, the German meteorological agency on 7 October 2022.[31] As Storm Bettina impacted Iceland on 9–10 October, the European Severe Storms Laboratory reported 181 storm reports, with 156 of those being severe wind reports of at least 25 metres per second (56 mph) and 25 heavy snowfall reports.[2][32] Due to the storm, about 500 of RARIK's customers lost power.[33] Dozens of reports of power transmissions being damaged or destroyed occurred on 9 October all around Iceland along with multiple reports of roads becoming impassable.[2][32][34]
Storm Elke
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2022) |
Storm Elke | |
---|---|
Area affected | United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Russia |
Date of impact | 14–21 October 2022 |
Maximum wind gust | 145 km/h (90 mph; 78 kn)[citation needed] |
Lowest pressure | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) [35] |
Fatalities | None |
Damage | Derecho in Scandinavia and tornadoes in Norway [citation needed] |
Storm Elke was named by the Deutscher Wetterdienst, the German meteorological agency on 14 October 2022.[36] The Storm Impacted Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Estonia and Russia on 16–17 October uprooting trees and damaging houses and power lines.[37][38] On October 16 two IF1 tornadoes caused damage in Norway.[39] The event was later classified as a derecho imbedded in Low Pressure System Elke instead of a European Windstorm by the European Severe Storms Laboratory.[40] The storm entered the Arctic and dissipated on the 21 October.[41]
Storm Armand (Georgina)
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2022) |
Storm Armand | |
---|---|
Area affected | Portugal, France, British Isles, Spain, Ireland |
Date of impact | 19–23 October 2022 |
Maximum wind gust | 133 km/h (83 mph)[citation needed] |
Lowest pressure | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg)[42] |
Fatalities | None |
Damage | Unspecified |
Storm Armand was named by the Portuguese Institute of the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA) on the 19th October.[43] This system was named Georgina by the FUB.[44] It is expected to bring heavy winds to the Iberian Peninsula. The storm caused flooding and fallen trees.[43] On 21 October, the storm neared France and the British Isles, causing strong gales and heavy rain.[44][45] By 22 October, the storm had reached the tip of Scotland after significantly weakening. The storm then entered the North Sea and then looped back round again to Ireland when it dissipated on 23 October 2022.
The strongest high-level wind gusts from Armand were recorded on Mount Aigoual, France, (elevation: 1567 m ; 5141 ft) reaching 133 km/h (83 mph). Meanwhile, the strongest low-level wind gust from Armand was 100 km/h (62 mph) recorded at Brignogan, France (elevation: 20 m ; 65 ft).[46]
Storm Béatrice (Helgard II)
Storm Beatrice | |
---|---|
Area affected | Iceland, Iberia, France, Ireland and Britain |
Date of impact | 22-27 October 2022 |
Maximum wind gust | 125 km/h (78 mph)[citation needed] |
Lowest pressure | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg)[citation needed] |
Fatalities | None |
Damage | Unspecified |
A cold wave impulsed an extratropical cyclone in Europe and the storm interacted of anticyclone in the south in central Atlantic, the storm moved up towards Spain and Portugal, when on 22 October it received the name Beatrice.[47] The system was named Helgard II by the FUB, and Helgard I went on into eastern Europe, as Helgard II did not affect eastern Europe. The storm then went on to bring heavy wind and rain to the Iberian Peninsula.[48][49] The outer bands of this storm were also related to the supercells in northern France and southern England which produced at least 5 tornadoes, including the intense Bihucourt tornado.[50]
A band of intense thunderstorms on the northern leading edge of Beatrice crossed southern and eastern England during the afternoon and evening of 23 October, where a yellow weather warning for thunderstorms was issued.[51] Heavy rainfall and strong winds were reported widely, resulting in some flooding and structural damage,[52][53] and flights were disrupted at Heathrow Airport for several hours.[54]
A small girl was injured by a disjointed gate in a severe wind gust,[50] On 27 October, the storm tracked north towards Iceland and dissipated.[55]
Storm Cláudio (Karsta)
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2022) |
Storm Cláudio | |
---|---|
Area affected | France, Spain, Ireland and Great Britain |
Date of impact | 30 October 2022 - 2 November 2022 |
Maximum wind gust | 185 km/h (115 mph) |
Fatalities | 1 (indirect)[citation needed] |
Storm Cláudio was named on 31 October 2022.[56] An orange alert for strong winds was put in place for four departments in northwest France.[57] The Met Office issued a yellow weather warning for wind for most of the south coast of England, stretching from Weymouth to Kent.[58] The Met Office had forecast gusts of 50-60 mph (80–96 km/h) with isolated gusts of >70 mph (>112 km/h) on exposed coasts. The highest gust of 115 miles per hour (185 km/h)[59] was recorded at The Needles on the Isle of Wight, with a 1-minute sustained wind recorded as high as 105 mph (170 km/h) .[59] A trampoline that was caught underneath a train meant that no trains could run from Worthing to Hove for more than three hours.[60] High winds caused part of the southwest corner of the West Pier in Brighton to collapse into the sea.[61] Two giant silver baubles were blown down by the storm and rolled down Tottenham Court Road in London, luckily causing no damage or injuries.[62]
Storm Cláudio hit the UK as a deepening low pressure system, the lowest onshore pressure of 994 hPa (29.35 inHg)[63] was recorded in Plymouth at 22:00 on the 31st October. The centre of the shortwave made landfall in Southern Wales, near Cardiff, at around midnight - with the storm further north than had initially been forecasted by both the Met Office and Météo-France. In the wake of Storm Cláudio heavy convective showers produced flash flooding and lightning across the South West of England on November 1–2. At 13:23 on the 1st November, a thunderstorm brought winds as strong as 84 mph (135 km/h) to exposed parts of Cornwall.[64] In Devon, fire crews were called to a pre-school in Willand, Devon after a suspected lightning strike lead to a small fire at 14:40.[65] Between the evening of the 31st October to the evening of the 2nd November, more than 11,000 lightning strikes had been registered across the British Isles, with the majority of activity centred over the Channel Coasts.[66]
Location | Wind gust | Elevation above mean sea level | Time (local) |
---|---|---|---|
The Needles Old Battery, Totland, Isle of Wight | 115 mph (185 km/h)[59] | 80 m (262 ft) [67] | 0:00 - 1 November 2022[59] |
Prawle Point, East Prawle, Devonshire | 93 mph (150 km/h)[68] | 61 m (200 ft)[69] | 22:00 - 31 October 2022[68] |
Gwennap Head, Porthgwarra, Cornwall | 93 mph (150 km/h)[64] | 66 m (216 ft)[70] | 20:00 - 31 October 2022[64] |
Isle of Portland, Weymouth, Dorset | 86 mph (138 km/h)[71] | 52 m (170 ft)[71] | 0:00 - 1 November 2022[71] |
St. Catherine's Point, Puckaster, Isle of Wight | 84 mph (135 km/h)[72] | 20 m (65 ft)[72] | 1:00 - 1 November 2022[72] |
Rame Head, Plymouth, Devonshire | 81 mph (130 km/h)[73] | 105 m (345 ft)[74] | 22:00 - 31 October 2022[73] |
Storm Marion
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2022) |
Storm Marion | |
---|---|
Area affected | British Isles, Norway, Iceland |
Date of impact | 1 November-8 November |
Lowest pressure | 975[convert: needs unit name][75] |
Fatalities | None |
Power outages | Unspecified |
Damage | Unspecified |
A storm named Marion by the University of Berlin affected the British Isles on Wednesday 2 November and Thursday 3 November.[citation needed] The Met Office issued yellow weather warnings for wind and rain for 2 and 3 November, affecting large parts of Wales, northern England, Scotland and all of Northern Ireland.[76]
Ex-Hurricane Martin
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2022) |
Ex-Hurricane Martin | |
---|---|
Area affected | Greenland & Ireland |
Date of impact | 3 November –7 November |
Maximum wind gust | 130 km/h (95 mph) (1- min) |
Lowest pressure | 947 hPa (27.96 inHg)[77] |
Fatalities | None |
Power outages | None |
Damage | None |
Hurricane Martin transitioned into a post-tropical cyclone on 3 November, over the open North Atlantic.[78] The Met Eireann issued advisories for the whole of Ireland in preparation for Martin.[79] A few days later, it approached Ireland before dissipating.
Storm Eva (Ottilie)
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2022) |
Storm Eva (Ottilie) | |
---|---|
Area affected | Italy, Libya, Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Turkey and Greece |
Date of impact | 4–10 November |
Maximum wind gust | 110 km/h (75 mph) |
Lowest pressure | 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) |
Fatalities | 0 |
Power outages | Unspecified |
Damage | Unspecified |
Storm Eva was named on 4 November 2022.[80] Amber warnings were put in place for southern Italy, and red warnings were put in place for Greece.[81]
Storm Philomena
Storm Philomena | |
---|---|
Area affected | United Kingdom |
Date of impact | 7–10 November |
Maximum wind gust | 110 km/h (70 mph) |
Lowest pressure | 970[convert: needs unit name][82] |
Fatalities | 0 |
Damage | Unspecified |
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2022) |
Storm Philomena was named on 7 November 2022.[83] The storm caused wind gusts of over 70 mph (110 km/h) in Cornwall,[84] and on 7:45 CH 10 November, the storm entered a dissipation stage for the Storm Quisina.[85]
Storm Regina
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2022) |
Storm Regina | |
---|---|
Area affected | United Kingdom |
Date of impact | 14 – 21 November 2022 |
Lowest pressure | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg)[86] |
Fatalities | None |
Power outages | None |
Damage | Unspecified |
Storm Regina was named by the FUB on 14 November 2022.[87] The storm passed through the United Kingdom on 17–18 November.[86][88] The storm caused heavy rainfall in both Scotland and England.[89][90]
Storm Fobos
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2022) |
Storm Fobos | |
---|---|
Area affected | Italy, Montenegro |
Date of impact | 19 – 24 November 2022 |
Lowest pressure | 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg)[91] |
Fatalities | None |
Power outages | None |
Damage | Unspecified |
Storm Fobos was named by the Institute of Hydrometeorology and Seismology of Montenegro on 19 November 2022.[8][91] The storm dissipated on 24 November.[92]
Storm Denise
Storm Denise | |
---|---|
Area affected | Spain, Corsica, Italy, Balkans, Ukraine, Russia |
Date of impact | 21 – 27 November 2022 |
Maximum wind gust | 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph) [93] |
Lowest pressure | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg)[94] |
Fatalities | 14 (all in Italy) [citation needed] |
Damage | €2 Million (£1.7 Million) |
Storm Denise was named by the AEMET on 21 November 2022.[95] The storm caused wind gusts of more than 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph) winds in Mallorca.[95] In Venice, several schools were closed and water levels rose 170 centimetres (5.6 ft), the third most highest recording since modern records began.[96] In Trieste, winds of more than 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph) were reported by Vigili del Fuoco.[96] Stormy weather and roughs seas also affected areas in Sicily where ferry services were disrupted from the port at Milazzo. Heavy rain caused some flooding in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia on 22 November. Several people were evacuated in the small town of Bosa. Crashing waves, high tides and storm surge flooded shores along Italy's coastline. Coastal flooding was reported in the provinces of Rome and Latina in the Lazio Region. New Agency ANSA reported a tidal barrier was severely damaged in Ostia. Firefighters rescued families trapped in 1 metre deep floods in coastal areas near Anzio. On the Adriatic Coast, storm surge and high seas flooded coastal areas of Emilia-Romagna Region in the provinces of Forlì-Cesana, Ferrara, Rimini and Ravenna. Flooding was also reported in coastal areas of the Marche Region, including Marina di Montemarciano and Senigallia.[96]
On 22 November, the storm made landfall in Italy.[94] On 23 November, the storm made another landfall in the Balkans.[97] On 25 November, the storm entered the Black Sea[98] and the day after, the storm passed close to Ukraine and Russia.[99] Denise dissipated on 27 November.[100]
On 24 November, an Argentine tourist drowned after being swept into the sea in Furore, while a man was struck and killed by lightning on a beach in Vico Equense.[101] The storm also partially triggered a landslide on the Italian Island of Ischia, killing 12 people.[102][103]
The government has approved a state of emergency, allocating an initial sum of €2m (£1.7m) to help rebuild homes.[104]
Storm Ariel (Yuki)
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2022) |
Storm Ariel | |
---|---|
Area affected | Italy, Greece, Macedonia and Malta |
Date of impact | 29 November - 2 December 2022 |
Lowest pressure | 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg)[105] |
Fatalities | None |
Power outages | Several homes |
Damage | Unspecified |
Storm Ariel was named by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service on 29 November 2022.[106] The same system was named as Yuki by Deutscher Wetterdienst.[105] Ariel caused power outages in many cities and islands. Several schools were closed in Skopelos.[107] Ariel dissipated on 2 December 2022.[108]
Storm Efraín
Storm Efrain | |
---|---|
Area affected | Portugal |
Date of impact | 10 December 2022 – 17 December 2022 |
Lowest pressure | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg)[109] |
Fatalities | 3 (Indirect) |
Power outages | None |
Damage | Unspecified |
Storm Efraín was named on 10 December 2022.[109] Efrain caused floods in the Tagus basin in Portugal.[110][111] Crossing the cold waters heading towards the Azores and the Iberian Peninsula, a powerful anticyclone blocking its path to higher latitudes, the storm quickly intensified thanks to the presence of an atmospheric river of subtropical origin associated with its southern flank. The storm hit the Iberian Peninsula and France from December 13 to 16 before dissipating.
Efraín brought strong winds, heavy rains and rough seas to the Azores. Flooding due to heavy rains affected the provinces of Extremadura and Castilla-La Mancha in Spain. Strong gusts and rain caused landslides on the famous Caminito del Rey in Andalusia. Several stations in Madrid have been forced to close due to flooding. An environmental officer drowned during a flood in Villarino de los Aires (Salamanca).
In Portugal, Efraín caused flooding in the Tagus River basin. According to the Portuguese Civil Protection Agency, a government body, some 5,000 rescue workers were on duty across the country and authorities estimated the damage at millions of euros.
In France, the freezing rain and snow associated with the warm front of the system disrupted transport. Two accidents in Saône-et-Loire caused the death of a motorist on the A39 motorway and two truck drivers on a secondary road. The Minister of Transport, Clément Beaune, announced the cancellation of part of the flights from Orly and Roissy-Charles-de-Gaulle airports. In Lyon, all the buses remained stationary for part of a morning to avoid accidents.
Storm Gaia (Birgit)
Storm Gaia | |
---|---|
Area affected | Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Finland |
Date of impact | 10 December 2022 - 17 December 2022 |
Lowest pressure | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg)[112] |
Fatalities | None |
Storm Gaia was named on 10 December 2022.[109] Greece issued warnings.[113]
Storm Fien
Storm Fien | |
---|---|
Area affected | Spain, France, Italy & Central Europe. |
Date of impact | 14 - 20 January 2023 |
Maximum wind gust | 150 km/h (93 mph) (Pyrenees) |
Lowest pressure | Unspecified |
Fatalities | 1[114] |
On January 14, 2023, the Spanish State Meteorological Agency (AEMet) assigned the name Fien to the depression then located on Newfoundland. It was moving towards the south of the British Isles.[115][116] It reached the Bay of Biscay on January 17.[117] Then crossing into the Mediterranean, it passed over northern Italy on the 18th and turned northward to end up in the Baltic countries the following day.[118] At 0:00 UTC on January 20, Fien reached northwestern Russia.[119]
Consequently, Orange marine weather warnings for high winds were issued by AEMET for the 15th January for north-western Galicia province, with yellow marine wind warnings stretching all the way to the border with France in Basque.[120]
In France, the southwest was affected during the night of January 16 to 17. Winds of up to 150 km/h (93 mph) were recorded in the Pyrenees, toppling trees and cutting off electricity to 15,000 customers in Nouvelle-Aquitaine and Occitania but without major damage or casualties.[121] According to Météo-France, 30 to 40 mm (1.2 to 1.6 in) of rain fell in the Landes and Pyrénées-Atlantiques, and up to 55 mm (2.2 in) in Tarbes, while above a certain altitude the rain changed to snow.[121] The rain caused flooding in places. Snow in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Haute-Savoie and the Massif Central caused difficulties on the roads and forced the closure of schools.[121] In Corsica, a landslide disrupted trains between Ajaccio and Bastia and ferries were canceled by Corsica Linea.[121]
In Spain, almost the entire country has been put on high alert for high winds, heavy rain and snow, depending on altitude, as well as rough seas. In the north, rivers approached overflow level. An 80-year-old man who disappeared during the storm has been found dead in the port of the Basque town of Bermeo. In Sondika, emergency services rescued a bus full of children stuck on a flooded road.[114] Winds of up to 90 km/h (56 mph) in Barcelona caused damage.[122] After its passage, arctic air gave way to very cold temperatures.
Storm Gérard (Gero)
Storm Gérard | |
---|---|
Area affected | United Kingdom, France, Germany, Denmark, Netherlands, Ireland, Belgium and Luxembourg |
Date of impact | 15 January - 17 January 2023 |
Maximum wind gust | 163 kilometres per hour (101 mph; 88 kn; 45 m/s) at Brittany coast[123] |
Lowest pressure | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg)[124] |
Fatalities | None |
Power outages | 75,000 customers[125] |
Storm Gérard was named on 15 January 2023.[126]
The storm brought strong wind gusts, sleet showers, snow showers, and abundant rainfall across the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Western Europe.[127] Gérard caused strong winds and left at least 75,000 customers without electricity.[125]
The strongest winds of up to 163 km/h (101 mph) were recorded on the Normandy coastline at Carteret, and wind gusts of 158 km/h (98 mph) were recorded on the Brittany coast at Pointe du Raz, while a gust of 132 km/h (82 mph) was recorded on top of the Eiffel Tower, Paris on Sunday night.[123][128] The minimum central pressure within Gérard was around 973 hPa (28.7 inHg).[124]
Location | Wind gust | 1-minute sustained windspeed | Time (local - GMT+1) |
---|---|---|---|
Carteret, Normandy | 163 km/h (101 mph)[128] | 112 km/h (70 mph)[128] | 06h-07h, 16 January 2023[128] |
Pointe du Raz, Brittany | 158 km/h (98 mph)[129] | 109 km/h (68 mph)[129] | 03h-04h, 16 January 2023[129] |
Ile de Groix, Brittany | 154 km/h (96 mph)[130] | 102 km/h (63 mph)[130] | 03h-04h, 16 January 2023[130] |
Belle Ile, Brittany | 150 km/h (93 mph)[131] | 90 km/h (56 mph)[131] | 03h-04h, 16 January 2023[131] |
Pointe du Roc, Normandy | 144 km/h (89 mph)[132] | 102 km/h (63 mph)[132] | 06h-07h, 16 January 2023[132] |
Vigie du Homet, Normandy | 141 km/h (88 mph)[133] | 95 km/h (59 mph)[133] | 05h-06h, 16 January 2023[133] |
Pointe du Chemoulin, Pays de la Loire | 137 km/h (85 mph)[134] | 94 km/h (58 mph)[134] | 03h-04h, 16 January 2023[134] |
Ushant (Ouessant), Brittany | 137 km/h (85 mph)[135] | 93 km/h (58 mph)[135] | 02h-03h, 16 January 2023[135] |
Storm Hannelore (Jan)
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (January 2023) |
Storm Hannelore | |
---|---|
Area affected | France, Spain, Italy, Croatia, Slovenia, Greece & Turkey |
Date of impact | 19 January 2023 - 28 January 2023 |
Maximum wind gust | 144 km/h, Camerano[136] |
Lowest pressure | 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg)[citation needed] |
Damage | Unspecified |
Storm Hannelore was named on 19 January 2023.[137] The storm was last noted on 28 January.[138]
Season effects
Storm | Dates active | Highest wind gust | Lowest pressure | Areas affected | Fatalities (+missing) | Damage | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Danielle | 8–15 September 2022 | 100 km/h (62 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Portugal and Spain | None | Moderate | |
Ana | 15–21 September 2022 | 75 km/h (47 mph) | Unspecified | France, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Hungary, Slovakia, Ukraine and Poland | 12 (+1) | Unspecified | [citation needed] |
Bogdan | 24–29 September 2022 | 95 km/h (59 mph) | Unspecified | Tunisia, Italy, Greece and Balkans | None | Unspecified | |
Clio | 25–26 September 2022 | 35 km/h (22 mph) | Unspecified | Montenegro | None | Unspecified | |
Dino | 30 September – 6 October 2022 | 135 km/h (84 mph) | Unspecified | Italy and Greece | None | Unspecified | |
Bettina | 7–13 October 2022 | 180 km/h (110 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Iceland | None | Unspecified | |
Elke | 14–21 October 2022 | 145 km/h (90 mph) | Unspecified | United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia and Russia | None | Unspecified | |
Armand | 19–23 October 2022 | 133 km/h (83 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Portugal, France, United Kingdom and Ireland | None | Unspecified | |
Béatrice | 20–27 October 2022 | 140 km/h (87 mph) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | Iceland, Iberia, France and United Kingdom | None | Unspecified | |
Cláudio | 30 October – 2 November 2022 | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | United Kingdom, France, Netherlands | 1 [citation needed] | Unspecified | |
Marion | 1–8 November 2022 | Unspecified | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | British Isles | None | Unspecified | |
Martin | 3-7 November 2022 | 130 km/h (81 mph) | 947 hPa (27.96 inHg) | Greenland | None | None | |
Eva | 4–10 November 2022 | 100 km/h (62 mph) | 1001 hPa (29.56 inHg) | Italy, Libya, Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Turkey | None | Unspecified | |
Philomena | 7–10 November 2022 | 110 km/h (68 mph) | 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) | United Kingdom | None | Unspecified | |
Regina | 14–21 November 2022 | Unspecified | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | United Kingdom | None | Unspecified | |
Fobos | 19–24 November 2022 | Unspecified | 1005 hPa (29.68 inHg) | Italy | None | Unspecified | |
Denise | 21–27 November 2022 | 100 km/h (62 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Spain, Italy, Corsica, Balkans, Ukraine, Russia | 14 | €2 Million (£1.7 Million) |
[citation needed] |
Ariel | 29 November-2 December 2022 | Unspecified | 1005 hPa (29.68 inHg) | Italy, Greece | None | Unspecified | |
Efrain | 10–17 December 2022 | Unspecified | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Portugal | 3 | Unspecified | |
Gaia | Unspecified | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Greece, Italy, Montenegro | None | Unspecified | ||
Fien | 14-20 January 2023 | Unspecified | Unspecified | Spain, France, Italy, Central Europe | 1 | Unspecified | [114] |
Gérard | 15–17 January 2023 | 163 km/h (101 mph) | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) | France, United Kingdom, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Ireland | None | Unspecified | |
Hannelore | 19–28 January 2023 | Unspecified | 1005 hPa (29.68 inHg) | France, Spain, Italy, Turkey, Croatia, Greece & Slovenia | None | Unspecified |
See also
References
- ^ "Analyse Surface 10-12-22". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 10 December 2022. Retrieved 10 December 2022.
- ^ a b c d e "European Severe Weather Database". ESWD. European Severe Storms Laboratory. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
- ^ "UK Storm Centre". metoffice.gov.uk. Met Office. Retrieved 5 October 2019.
- ^ Met Office [@metoffice] (1 September 2022). "Here is the new list of storm names for 2022-23 with @MetEireann and @KNMI Do you know someone whose name is on the list? Antoni Betty Cillian Daisy Elliot Fleur Glen Hendrika Íde Johanna Khalid Loes Mark Nelly Owain Priya Ruadhán Sam Tobias Val Wouter #NameOurStorms" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 16 October 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Twitter.
- ^ "UK storm centre". Met Office. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
- ^
"Nome para as tempestades de A a Z - Época 2022-2023". Ipma.pt. 3 September 2022. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Sabir, Amit (4 September 2022). "?אז איך יקראו לסערה הבאה". השירות המטאורולוגי הישראלי (in Hebrew). Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ a b c "Storm naming (Denominazione delle tempeste)". Meteo Aeronautica.
- ^ "Analyse surface 2022-09-15 00 UTC". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 15 September 2022. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
- ^ "NHC says hurricane Danielle weakens to a tropical storm". Reuters. 8 September 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
- ^ "Extratropical storm Danielle batters Portugal: floods, chaos and landslides". Yourweather.co.uk | Meteored. 15 September 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
- ^ "Portugal. Windstorm, hurricane Danielle. Flooded streets, fallen trees in Portugal. Flood water carried away the 32-year-old". Polish News. 14 September 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
- ^ "Extratropical storm Danielle batters Portugal: floods, chaos and landslides". Yourweather.co.uk | Meteored. 15 September 2022. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
- ^ "Portugal – Floods and Landslides Cause Severe Damage in Manteigas – FloodList". floodlist.com. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
- ^ "Storm Danielle affecting the mainland, but will it hit Mallorca?". Majorca Daily Bulletin. 12 September 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
- ^ a b c "Analyse surface 16-10-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 16 September 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 17-09-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 17 September 2022. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
- ^ "Ritrovato il cadavere di Mattia, il bimbo disperso nell'alluvione delle Marche". Today. 23 September 2022.
- ^ "Alluvione nelle Marche: recuperata l'11esima vittima. Continuano le ricerche dei 2 dispersi". Rai News. 16 September 2022.
- ^ "Brunella Chiù dispersa da 22 giorni, ricerche disperate: non c'è traccia della mamma di Noemi". Corriere Adriatico. 7 October 2022.
- ^ Corvino, Cristiano (16 September 2022). "At least 10 dead as flash floods hit central Italy". Reuters.
- ^ "Alluvione Marche, morire di pioggia: 10 morti e 150 sfollati. Si indaga per inondazione e omicidio colposo". 15 September 2022.
- ^ "Maltempo nelle Marche, le news di oggi: 10 morti e tre dispersi. Dichiarato stato di emergenza. Draghi nelle zone colpite". 16 September 2022.
- ^ "21 September 2022 Analysis". met.fu-berlin.de.
- ^ "Met Berline weather maps September 25, 2022".
- ^ Kokkinidis, Tasos (27 September 2022). "Greece Issues Weather Warning as "Bogdan" May Develop into Medicane". GreekReporter.com. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
- ^ "Met Berlin weather maps September 29, 2022".
- ^ "30 September 2022 analysis". met.fu-berlin.de.
- ^ "6 October 2022 analysis". met.fu-berlin.de.
- ^ "10 October 2022 Analysis". Free University of Berlin. Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
- ^ "BKW/FU-Berlin". Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
- ^ a b Joyce, Elijah [@ElijahWeather] (17 October 2022). "Here is my revised write-up about *The Impacts of European Windstorm Bettina*. #wxtwitter #StormBettina #Bettina #Windstorm #WindstormBettina #Iceland #ESSL #DWD https://t.co/vCO6DN4S2j" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 20 November 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Ríflega 100 viðskiptavinir Rariks enn án rafmagns". Retrieved 16 October 2022.
- ^ "European Windstorm Bettina (Storm Bettina)". Elijah Joyce. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 15-10-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 15 October 2022.
- ^ "Tiefdruckgebiete 2022". www.wetterpate.de (in German). 28 October 2015. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
- ^ Ranta, Juhis (17 October 2022). "Katso kuva | Syysmyrsky kaatoi puun saunarakennuksen päälle yöllä Ruokolahdella – Iso kuusi irtosi maasta juurineen". Uutisvuoksi (in Finnish). Retrieved 21 October 2022.
- ^ "Ööpäeva operatiivinfo - Uudised". Päästeamet (in Estonian). Retrieved 21 October 2022.
- ^ "European Severe Weather Database". eswd.eu. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
- ^ Pucik, Tomas [@Djpuco] (18 October 2022). "Two tornadoes were reported from Norway as well. The derecho was connected with a passage of a sharp and fast-moving trough. It formed in the environment of marginal CAPE, but rather steep lapse rates at low levels and mean 1-3 km flow between 15 and 25 m/s. 2/2" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Analyse surface 21-10-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 21 October 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "20 October 2022 Analysis". wetterpate.de.
- ^ a b "Storm Armand causes flooding and fallen trees". portugal resident. 19 October 2022.
- ^ a b "BWK/FU-Berlin". wetterpate.de.
- ^ "Weather Ireland: Wet and windy weather here until the evening, Met Éireann warns".
- ^ "Gusts, 1h, observations Languedoc-Roussillon from 10/21/2022, 01:00am". Meteologix - bookmark this page. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
- ^ "Wetter analysis". met.fu-berlin.de.
- ^ Graça, Alfredo [@alfredomgraca95] (23 October 2022). "🗓️ 23/10/2022 🕥 10:27 📍 Porto Wow! Heavy #rain 🌧️ discharged by very active fronts, thrown towards Portugal by the powerful storm #Béatrice 🌀. The atmospheric river 〰️💦 is undeniable: permanently cloudy skies ☁️, humidity and water vapour in abundance 🌫️💧. https://t.co/s2dTp94CEv" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 23 October 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Twitter.
- ^ Earth42morrow [@Earth42morrow] (23 October 2022). "Crazy Winds and heavy rains hit Badajoz, Spain #Spain #Badajoz #Storm #Rains #Beatrice #Naturaleza #AlertaNaranja #Porriño #Extremadura #Climate #Weather #Viral https://t.co/h3QW2DvWuv" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Twitter.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ a b "European Severe Weather Database". eswd.eu.
- ^ "UK weather: Thunderstorm warning as England and Wales brace for possible flooding". Sky News. 23 October 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
- ^ "Peter Andre's house "struck by lightning" as thunderstorms batter southern England". Sky News. 24 October 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
- ^ Coleman, Liam (23 October 2022). "Thunderstorms strike across London with "Macbethish" weather". Metro. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
- ^ Burnett, Tom (23 October 2022). "Heathrow Airport flight disruption due to thunderstorms and rain in the area". Berkshire Live. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 27-10-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 27 October 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 31-10-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 31 October 2022. Retrieved 31 October 2022.
- ^ "Areas of Brittany and Normandy under alert tonight for violent winds". The Connexion. 31 October 2022. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
- ^ "Warnings issued with wind and rain to come". Met Office. 31 October 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Winds of more than 100mph recorded in south during Storm Claudio". ITV News. 1 November 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
- ^ "Rail disruption after flying trampoline gets stuck under train". The Argus. 1 November 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
- ^ "Drone footage of Brighton's West Pier during Storm Claudio". The Argus. 1 November 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
- ^ "Giant orbs blown down by Storm Claudio bounce along London street". Sky News. 3 November 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ "Sea level pressure QFF, observations England from 10/31/2022, 10:00pm". Meteologix - bookmark this page. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ a b c "Weather Conditions at NCI Gwennap Head | National Coastwatch Institution". www.nci.org.uk. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ Parkman, Chloe (1 November 2022). "Devon pre-school evacuated over suspected lightning strike". DevonLive. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Lightning & Thunderstorms - Customized Archive Data". www.blitzortung.org. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Needles Old Battery (Isle of Wight) Observations". Met Office. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Personal Weather Station Dashboard | Weather Underground". www.wunderground.com. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Prawle Point NCI Welcome". www.nci-prawlepoint.org.uk. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Gwennap Head - QAVS | National Coastwatch Institution". nci.org.uk. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ a b c "Gusts, 1h, observations Dorset from 11/01/2022, 12:00am". Meteologix - bookmark this page. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ a b c "Gusts, 1h, observations Isle of Wight from 11/01/2022, 02:00am". Meteologix - bookmark this page. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Current Weather Conditions at Rame Head NCI". www.nci-ramehead.org.uk. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Rame Head - QAVS | National Coastwatch Institution". www.nci.org.uk. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ https://page.met.fu-berlin.de/wetterpate/static/archiv/2022/Analyse_20221103.gif
- ^ Cook, Ellie (2 November 2022). "Met Office extends weather warnings as volatile storm to batter UK". Express.co.uk. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 04-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 4 November 2022.
- ^ Zelinsky, David (3 November 2022). Post-Tropical Cyclone Martin Discussion Number 10 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ McSorley, Anita (4 November 2022). "Ireland storm tracker as hurricane hurdles at us amid unusual weather warning". Irish Mirror. Retrieved 11 December 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 04-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 4 November 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ "Meteoalarm – Alerting Europe for Extreme Weather". meteoalarm.org.
- ^ "Analyse surface 08-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 8 November 2022. Retrieved 8 November 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 07-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 7 November 2022. Retrieved 8 November 2022.
- ^ "UK weather forecast: Heavy rain, thunder and winds over 50mph to batter country today". mirror.co.uk. The Mirror. 8 November 2022. Retrieved 8 November 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 10-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
- ^ a b "Analyse surface 17-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 17 November 2022. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 14-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 14 November 2022. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 18-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 18 November 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
- ^ "Search for woman swept into river "stood down" as heavy rain batters Scotland". the Guardian. 18 November 2022. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
- ^ "UK weather: Rain warnings as flooding hits roads and rail". BBC News. 17 November 2022. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
- ^ a b "Analyse surface 19-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 19 November 2022. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 24-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 24 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- ^ "Storm Denise hits Mallorca with 100 kilometre per hour wind". Majorca Daily Bulletin. 21 November 2022. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Analyse surface 22-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 22 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- ^ a b Carter, Humphrey (21 November 2022). "Storm Denise hits Mallorca with 100 kilometre per hour wind". Majorca Daily Bulletin. Palma.
- ^ a b c Davies, Richard (23 November 2022). "Italy – Floods and Storm Surge Prompt Rescues and Evacuations". floodlist.com. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 23-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 23 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 22-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 26-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 26 November 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 27-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 27 November 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
- ^ "Tregua del maltempo ma si contano i danni, 2 morti in Campania". Rai News. 24 November 2022.
- ^ "Trovata la dodicesima vittima a Ischia, l'ultima dispersa era una donna di 31 anni". Agenzia Italiama. 6 December 2022.
- ^ "Frana a Ischia, news. Recuperati i corpi di altri tre dispersi. LIVE". Sky News 24 (in Italian). 1 December 2022.
- ^ "Italy landslide: Rescuers search for missing people on Ischia island". bbc.com. 27 November 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
- ^ a b "Analyse surface 30-11-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
- ^ "Έκτακτο δελτίο επικίνδυνων καιρικών φαινομένων – Πού και πότε θα χτυπήσει η κακοκαιρία ARIEL". www.in.gr (in Greek). 29 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
- ^ "Storm Ariel causes power cuts in Thessaloniki, closes Skopelos schools". ekathimerini.com. 1 December 2022. Retrieved 2 December 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 02-12-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 2 December 2022. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
- ^ a b c "Analyse surface 10-12-2022". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 10 December 2022. Retrieved 10 December 2022.
- ^ "La borrasca Efraín provoca inundaciones y parones en el transporte en Portugal y España" (in Spanish). Euronews. 14 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
- ^ "Residents told to stay home as heavy rain, floods batter Portugal". Reuters. 13 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
- ^ "Analyse surface 15-12-22". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 15 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
- ^ Kouremenos, Achilleas (11 December 2022). "Meeting at Climate Crisis and Civil Protection Ministry on "Gaia" Weather System". The National Herald. Retrieved 11 December 2022.
- ^ a b c Oviedo; Alyssa McMurty (17 January 2023). "Espagne : Une violente tempête hivernale fait un mort". Anadolu Agency (in French). Retrieved 1 February 2023.
- ^ AEMET [@AEMET_Esp] (14 January 2023). "⚠️#AvisoEspecialAEMET. La #BorrascaFien, sexta de gran impacto la temporada, dará lugar a un temporal marítimo, y de viento y nieve a partir del lunes. Esperamos olas de 6 a 8 metros, rachas de más de 80 km/h y, sobre todo a partir del miércoles, nevadas en cotas bajas. https://t.co/nbBVuMcL33" [⚠️ #AvisoSpecialAEMET. The #BorrascaFien, the sixth high-impact of the season, will give rise to a sea storm, and wind and snow storms starting Monday. We expect waves of 6 to 8 meters, gusts of more than 80 km/h and, especially from Wednesday, snowfall at low levels.] (Tweet) (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Analyse surface 0 UTC". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 15 January 2023. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
- ^ "Analyse surface 0 UTC". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 17 January 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
- ^ "Analyse surface 0 UTC". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
- ^ "Analyse surface 0 UTC". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 20 January 2023. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
- ^ AEMET [@AEMET_Esp] (14 January 2023). "14/01 23:31 #AEMET #FMA nivel naranja por viento y/o costeros para mañana en Galicia . Imagen en vigor a las 23:31 (tabla actualizada haciendo CLIC EN LA IMAGEN), o visite https://t.co/3ce1BF7jDj https://t.co/AevIkKTmTs" [01/14 23:31 #AEMET #FMA orange level due to wind and/or coastal for tomorrow in Galicia. Image in effect at 23:31 (table updated by CLICKING ON THE IMAGE), or visit] (Tweet) (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Twitter.
- ^ a b c d "Tempête Fien : des vents jusqu'à 150 km/h et des chutes d'arbres dans le sud-ouest de la France". Agence France-Presse (in French). Ouest-France. 17 January 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
- ^ "La tempête Fien provoque des dégâts à Barcelone" (in French). Equinox Magazine. 17 January 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
- ^ a b "Weather warnings for Paris and northern France as Storm Gérard batters country". thelocal.fr. 16 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Meteociel - Archives de la pression atmosphérique observée en France". www.meteociel.fr. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Tempête Gérard : 75 000 clients privés d'électricité dans l'ouest de la France à cause des vents violents". midilibre.fr (in French). 16 January 2023. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
- ^ "Aktion Wetterpate". www.wetterpate.de (in German). 2 October 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
- ^ "Cold Arctic air and two European storms, Gerard and Fien, add to a wintry week". www.netweather.tv. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Meteociel - Observations Carteret (50) - données météo de la station - Tableaux horaires en temps réel". www.meteociel.fr. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
- ^ a b c "Meteociel - Observations Pointe du Raz (29) - données météo de la station - Tableaux horaires en temps réel". www.meteociel.fr. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
- ^ a b c "Meteociel - Observations Ile de Groix (56) - données météo de la station - Tableaux horaires en temps réel". www.meteociel.fr. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
- ^ a b c "Meteociel - Observations Le Talut - Belle-Ile (56) - données météo de la station - Tableaux horaires en temps réel". www.meteociel.fr. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
- ^ a b c "Meteociel - Observations Pointe du Roc - Granville (50) - données météo de la station - Tableaux horaires en temps réel". www.meteociel.fr. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
- ^ a b c "Meteociel - Observations Vigie du Homet (50) - données météo de la station - Tableaux horaires en temps réel". www.meteociel.fr. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
- ^ a b c "Meteociel - Observations Pointe de Chemoulin (44) - données météo de la station - Tableaux horaires en temps réel". www.meteociel.fr. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
- ^ a b c "Meteociel - Observations Ouessant (29) - données météo de la station - Tableaux horaires en temps réel". www.meteociel.fr. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
- ^ https://www.ilmeteo.it/portale/meteo-oggi
- ^ @Meteofrance (19 January 2023). "#Tempête #Hannelore officiellement nommée. ❄️💨Chutes de #neige notables (départements en #vigilanceorange #neigeverglas) et coup de vent d'ouest au sud de la Garonne (rafales 80 à 90 km/h, loc 100 km/h sur côtes Aquitaine). 💨 Fort coup de vent en Méditerranée demain". Twitter. Météo-France. Archived from the original on 24 January 2023. Retrieved 24 January 2023.
- ^ "Analyse Surface 28-01-23". Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Free University of Berlin. 28 January 2023. Retrieved 29 January 2023.