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Bushehr province

Coordinates: 28°50′N 50°50′E / 28.833°N 50.833°E / 28.833; 50.833
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Not to be confused with Bushehr County.
For the city, see Bushehr.

Bushehr Province
Persian: استان بوشهر
Province
Map of Iran with Bushehr highlighted
Location of Bushehr Province within Iran
Location of Bushehr Province
Coordinates: 28°50′N 50°50′E / 28.833°N 50.833°E / 28.833; 50.833[2]
CountryIran
RegionRegion 2[1]
CapitalBushehr
Counties10
Government
 • Governor generalAhmad Mohammadizadeh
 • MPs of Assembly of ExpertsHashem Hosseini Bushehri
 • Representative of the Supreme LeaderGholam Ali Safai Bushehri
Area
 • Total22,743 km2 (8,781 sq mi)
Population
 (2016)[3]
 • Total1,163,400
 • Density51/km2 (130/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+03:30 (IRST)
Main language(s)Persian, Luri,[4] Arabic and Turkic
HDI (2017)0.812[5]
very high · 9th

Bushehr Province (Persian: استان بوشهر)[a] is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the south of the country, with a long coastline on the Persian Gulf. Its capital is the city of Bushehr.

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the province's population was 886,490 in 188,762 households.[6] The following census in 2011 counted 1,032,949 people in 246,742 households.[7] By the time the 2016 census was conducted, the province's population had risen to 1,163,400 inhabitants in 321,826 households.[3]

The province was made a part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into five regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014.[1]

Administrative divisions

The population history and structural changes of Bushehr province's administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.

Bushehr Province
Counties 2006[6] 2011[7] 2016[3]
Asaluyeh[b] — — 73,958
Bushehr 216,087 258,906 298,594
Dashtestan 222,226 229,425 252,047
Dashti 71,285 77,530 92,319
Deylam 29,079 31,570 34,828
Deyr 48,488 52,523 60,612
Ganaveh 82,937 90,493 102,484
Jam 37,999 51,446 70,051
Kangan 95,113 170,774 107,801
Tangestan 63,276 70,282 76,706
Total 866,490 1,032,949 1,163,400

Cities

According to the 2016 census, 835,955 people (over 71% of the population of Bushehr Province) live in the following cities:[3]

City Population
Ab Pakhsh 18,913
Abad 3,787
Abdan 6,827
Ahram 15,198
Ali Shahr 23,178
Anarestan 3,400
Asaluyeh 13,557
Baduleh 4,028
Bandar Deylam 25,730
Bandar Ganaveh 73,472
Bandar Kangan 60,187
Bandar Rig 6,252
Bandar Siraf 6,992
Bandar-e Deyr 24,083
Bank 14,126
Bardestan 7,112
Borazjan 110,567
Bord Khun 5,333
Bushehr 223,504
Bushkan 2,135
Choghadak 18,702
Dalaki 6,436
Delvar 4,442
Dowrahak 4,852
Imam Hassan 2,731
Jam 31,436
Kaki 12,119
Kalameh 2,463
Kharg 8,193
Khormoj 60,942
Nakhl Taqi 18,837
Riz 3,282
Sadabad 8,248
Shabankareh 7,900
Shonbeh 2,747
Tang-e Eram 3,242
Vahdatiyeh 11,222

Demographics

Language

A vast majority of the population speak Persian (mostly the Fars dialect) as first language with a minority of Arabic speakers.[9][10]

During the Safavid period, some people from the Kurdish Zanganeh tribe moved from Kermanshah to the villages between Ahram and Borazjan and formed a local government in this area, and from that time until the beginning of Qajar, this part of Bushehr province was called Zanganeh bloc.[11] The Zangeneh tribe have largely been assimilated and have adopted the local Persian and Turkic languages and are city-dwellers.

Bushehr linguistic composition[12]
language percent
Persian
 
 71.31%
Arabic
 
 9.59%
Turkic
 
 0.65%
Other, mixed
 
 18.45%

Religion

The vast majority of Bushehr's population are Shia Muslims, with a minority of Sunnis comprising 8.5% of the province's population.[13]

History

The Greeks knew of Bushehr by Mezambria during the battles of Nearchus. A French excavating team however in 1913 determined the origin of Bushehr to date back to the Elamite Empire. A city there, known as Lyan, contained a temple that was designed to protect the compound from naval attacks. Its remains can still be seen today 10 kilometers south of the present city of Bushehr.

Marco Polo describes this region as part of the Persian province of Shabankareh. It contains the village of Saba, Iran where are buried (he was told) the three Magi which visited the Christ Child.

A key turning point in the history of Bor event of significance is known to have taken place in this region until the arrival of the European colonialists in the 16th century.

The Portuguese, invaded the city of Bushehr in 1506 and remained there until Shah Abbas Safavi defeated and liberated the Persian Gulf region of their presence. By 1734, Bushehr had once again risen to prominence due to Nader Shah of the Afsharid dynasty, and his military policies in The Persian Gulf.

Political map showing different local tribal regions and alliances in the Bushehr area, 1915

Bushehr was selected by Nader to be the central base of Nader's Naval fleet in the Persian Gulf. He thus changed the name of the city to Bandar e Naderiyeh (Nader's Port). He hired an Englishman by the name of John Elton to help build his fleet. Dutch accounts report his naval fleet to have amounted to 8000-10000 personnel as well as several ship construction installations.

After Nader's death, the Dutch continued to have good commercial relations in Bushehr, until the British made their debut in Bushehr in 1763 by a contract they signed with Karim Khan of the Zand dynasty. By then, the city of Bushehr had become Iran's major port city in the Persian Gulf. By the Qajar era, Britain, Norway, Russia, Italy, France, Germany, and the Ottomans had diplomatic and commercial offices there, with Britain steadily gaining a foothold in the area. Close to 100 British ships are reported to have docked at the port city every year during the Qajar era.

2013 Bushehr earthquake

Main article: 2013 Bushehr earthquake

A strong earthquake measuring 6.1 on the Richter magnitude scale struck the town of Shonbeh and villages of Shonbeh and Tasuj District in Dashti County of Bushehr Province on 9 April 2013, killing at least 37 people.[14]

Bushehr today

The coast in Bushehr by the Persian Gulf.
Topological and bathmetery map of Bushehr province

Aside from the revived port city of Bushehr, which is the second main naval port of Iran after Bandar Abbas, Bushehr also has come back recently in the spotlight for three main reasons:

Kharg Island (Khark Island)

During the Iran-Iraq war, Iran's major petroleum exporting ports in Khuzestan sustained damages so severe that a second port in Kharg Island was selected to carry on the major responsibility of Iran's petroleum exports, though even Kharg was not immune from Iraqi air raids.

Bushehr Nuclear Reactor

Main article: Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant
See also: The Bushehr project of Iran's nuclear program

The Bushehr Light water PWR Nuclear Reactor, designed by Siemens AG, built by the Russians, is Iran's first Nuclear Power Plant reactor.

The industrial corridor of Asaluyeh

As many as 70,000 foreign engineers and technicians are currently working in this industrial zone 270 kilometers south of the provincial capital. This zone is where the nearby famous South Pars Gas field is located, where Iran has invested hundreds of millions of dollars in infrastructure. The South Pars Gas field is the world's largest natural gas field.

The Asaluyeh industrial zone is deemed so lucrative that even American companies such as American Allied International Corp and Halliburton have bypassed American sanctions to become somehow involved in the zone.American Allied International Corporation - Assalouyeh

Colleges and universities

Sports

Football is the most popular sports in Boushehr. Boushehr is home to both famous football teams: Shahin-e Boushehr and Pars Jonoubi jam.

Shahin is one of the oldest soccer team in Iran which has found in 1942. Shahin is one of the most popular teams in current Iranian football league just like Tractor-Sazi from Tabriz.

Sajjad Gharibi (born 19 December 1991) is an Iranian bodybuilder.[15][16] He born on Khozestan, Ahwaz, and has lived in Busher. He has become famous in world because of his special physique. His musculus volume is extraordinary for his height, 186 cm (6'2" tall), and weight, 180 kg (390 lb). He has looked like The Incredible Hulk character, because of his size, his Iranian fans have called him Iranian Hulk.[17]

Attractions

Bandar Gonaveh

The city of Bushehr has 3-star hotels, an airport, and modern amenities. The Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran lists up to 45 sites of historical and cultural significance in the province. Some are listed below:

  • Persian Gulf Beach(Bushehr)
  • Deje Borazjan
  • Kakhe tauke (borazjan)
  • Shahzade Ebrahim (Shazabreim)
  • Qal'eh Holandiha (The Dutch Castle)
  • Mabad Poseidon, (Poseidon's temple)
  • Gurestan Bastani (the ancient cemetery)
  • Imamzadeh Mir Mohammed Hanifeh
  • Aramgah (tomb of) Haj Mohammed Ibrahim Esfahani
  • The Old Church of Kharg Island
  • Qavam water reservoir
  • Qazi House
  • Maqbareh (tomb of) the English General
  • Shaykh Sadoon Mosque
  • The Holy Christ Church
  • House of Raies Ali Delvari
  • House of Malik
  • The ancient site of Ray-Shahr which is located 8 km south of Bushehr.
  • Tomb of Abdul mohaymrn
  • House Darya Baygui
  • House of Dehdashti
  • Castle of Khormuj

Literature

Bushehr has been home to some famous poets. Among them are Faiez Dashti (Dashtestani) (1830–1919) and Manouchehr Atashi. Faiez poems, and Dashti(or Dashtestani) literature in general, resemble Baba Taher's works. Sadeq Chubak, Najaf Daryabandari, and Moniro Ravanipour are among the most prominent writers in the literature of Bushehr.

See also

Media related to Bushehr Province at Wikimedia Commons

flag Iran portal

Notes

  1. ^ Also romanized as Ostān-e Būšehr
  2. ^ Separated from Kangan County after the 2011 census[8]

References

  1. ^ a b "استان‌های کشور به ۵ منطقه تقسیم شدند". همشهری آنلاین (in Persian). 22 June 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  2. ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (22 May 2024). "Bushehr Province" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  3. ^ a b c d "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 18. Archived from the original (Excel) on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  4. ^ "Luri (لوری)". Omniglot. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024.
  5. ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
  6. ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 18. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  7. ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 18. Archived from the original (Excel) on 3 April 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  8. ^ Rahimi, Mohammad Reza (29 September 2013). "Approval letter regarding country divisions in Bushehr province". Islamic Parliament Research Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran (in Persian). Ministry of Interior. Archived from the original on 10 January 2013. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
  9. ^ "Language distribution: Bushehr Province". Atlas of the Languages of Iran (ALI). Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  10. ^ Anonby, Erik & Taheri-Ardali, Mortaza, et al. (eds.). 2015–2022. Atlas of the Languages of Iran (ALI). Ottawa: Geomatics & Cartographic Research Centre, Carleton University. (http://iranatlas.net/) (Accessed 2022-04-27).
  11. ^ "تاريخچه شهرستان تنگستان".
  12. ^ "Language distribution: Bushehr Province". 2022. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
  13. ^ "فضای صمیمی بین اهل سنت و شیعه در استان بوشهر وجود دارد" [There is an intimate atmosphere between Sunnis and Shias in Bushehr province]. Mehr News Agency (in Persian). 10 March 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
  14. ^ "Iran quake kills 37, injures more than 850". CNN. 9 April 2013. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  15. ^ "'Scariest Man On The Planet' to fight 'Iranian Hulk' in MMA debut". talksport. 22 November 2018. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  16. ^ "178kg monster is an absolute weapon". news.com.au. 23 November 2018. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  17. ^ "همه چیز درباره چهره شاخص این روزهای فضای مجازی". tasnimnews.com. Tasnimnews. 31 May 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
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