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State of Palestine

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A declaration of a "State of Palestine" (Template:Lang-ar) was proclaimed in Algiers on November 15, 1988, by the Palestinian National Council, the legislative body of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). The declared "State of Palestine" is not and has never been an independent state, as it has never had sovereignty over any territory. In addition, Egypt and Jordan made no attempt to create a Palestinan state when they controlled Gaza and the West Bank between 1948 and 1967.

Approval of Declaration

The 1988 declaration was approved at a meeting in Algiers, by a vote of 253-46, with 10 abstentions. The declaration invoked the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) and UN General Assembly Resolution 181 in support of its claim to a "State of Palestine on our Palestinian territory with its capital Jerusalem". The proclaimed "State of Palestine" was recognized immediately by the Arab League, and about half the world's governments recognize it today. It maintains embassies in these countries. The State of Palestine is not recognized by the United Nations, although the European Union, as well as most member states, maintain diplomatic ties with the Palestinian Authority, established under the Oslo Accords (Leila Shahid, envoy of the PLO to France since 1984, was named in November 2005 representative of the PNA for Europe).

Impact of Declaration

Currently, the proclaimed State of Palestine is not an independent state, as it does not have any sovereignty over its claimed territory. The declaration was ignored and eventually rejected, by the State of Israel. Israel has controlled the territory claimed by the State of Palestine since the 1967 Six-Day War when it captured them from Egypt and Jordan.

The declaration is generally interpreted to have recognized Israel within its pre-1967 boundaries, or was at least a major step on the path to recognition. Just as in Israel's declaration of establishment, it partly bases its claims on UN GA 181. By reference to "resolutions of Arab Summits" and "UN resolutions since 1947" (like SC 242) it implicitly and perhaps ambiguously restricted its immediate claims to the Palestinian territories and Jerusalem. It was accompanied by a political statement that explicitly mentioned SC 242 and other UN resolutions and called only for withdrawal from "Arab Jerusalem" and the other "Arab territories occupied."[1] Yasser Arafat's statements in Geneva a month later were accepted by the United States as sufficient to remove the ambiguities it saw in the declaration and to fulfill the longheld conditions for open dialogue with the United States.

The PLO envisages the establishment of a State of Palestine to include all or part of the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem (the Palestinian territories), living in peace with Israel under a democratically elected and sovereign government. To this end, it took part in negotiations with Israel resulting in the 1993 Declaration of Principles, which along with subsequent agreements between the two parties provided for the establishment of a Palestinian interim self-governing authority with partial control over defined areas in the Palestinian territories. This authority, known as the Palestinian Authority or Palestinian National Authority (PNA), however, does not claim sovereignty over any territory and therefore is not the government of the "State of Palestine" proclaimed in 1988.

States that recognize the State of Palestine

See also: Diplomatic missions of the Palestinian National Authority
Map showing nations which have recognized or have special diplomatic arrangements with the State of Palestine or other Palestinian delegation.

More than 100 states recognize the State of Palestine, and 20 more grant some form of diplomatic status to a Palestinian delegation, falling short of full diplomatic recognition.[2]

The following are listed in alphabetical order by region.

Countries granting diplomatic status to non-State representatives

The delegations and embassies listed below on the left, are recognized as the representatives of the Palestinian people by the nations listed to their right:

UN representation

The PLO gained observer status at the UN General Assembly in 1974 (General Assembly resolution 3237). Acknowledging the proclamation of the State of Palestine, the UN redesignated this observer status as belonging to Palestine in 1988 (General Assembly resolution 43/177.) In July 1998, the General Assembly adopted a new resolution (52/250) conferring upon Palestine additional rights and privileges, including the right to participate in the general debate held at the start of each session of the General Assembly, the right of reply, the right to co-sponsor resolutions and the right to raise points of order on Palestinian and Middle East issues. By this resolution, "seating for Palestine shall be arranged immediately after non-member States and before the other observers." This resolution was adopted by a vote of 124 in favor, 4 against (Israel, USA, Marshall Islands, Micronesia) and 10 abstentions.

References

  1. ^ Political communique Palestine National Council. Algiers, November 15, 1988. Official translation.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al Embassies, Mission and Special Delegations of Palestine Abroad, Permanent Observer Mission of Palestine to the United Nations
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az OIC members and Palestine The Statistical, Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islamic Countries
    OIC members urge recognition of Hamas People's Daily
  4. ^ [1]. Retrieved March 20, 2007.
  5. ^ Diplomatic and Consular Missions > Consulate General of the State of Palestine. Government of the Philippines. Retrieved March 20, 2007.
  6. ^ Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Government of Vietnam. Retrieved March 20, 2007.
  7. ^ Cypriot Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Government of Cyprus. Retrieved March 20, 2007.
  8. ^ [2] Retrieved March 20, 2007.
  9. ^ Ukranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved March 20, 2007.

See also

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