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Storm (Marvel Comics)

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This article is about the X-Men character. For Storm (disambiguation), see Storm (Marvel Comics) (disambiguation).
Storm
File:Uxm449.jpg
Storm as drawn by Greg Land in 2004[1]
Publication information
PublisherMarvel Comics
First appearanceGiant-Size X-Men #1
(May 1975)
Created byLen Wein
Dave Cockrum
In-story information
Alter egoOroro Munroe
SpeciesHuman Mutant
Team affiliationsX-Men
Fantastic Four
Secret Avengers
Morlocks
Hellfire Club
X-Treme Sanctions Executive
Notable aliasesWindrider, The Weather Witch, Mistress of the Elements, 'Ro, High Priestess, Princess of N'Dare, Queen of Wakanda
AbilitiesWeather manipulation,
Flight,
Energy perception,
Ecological empathy,
Resistance to the effects of the weather and extreme heat and cold,
Latent natural magic abilities

Storm is a fictional Marvel Comics superhero. Best known as a prominent leader of the X-Men, she is the reigning queen of the fictional nation of Wakanda, a title held by marriage to fellow Marvel Comics superhero Black Panther. She was created by writer Len Wein and artist Dave Cockrum, appearing in Giant-Size X-Men #1 (May 1975).[2] Storm became the first African superheroine and one of the most popular and recognizable comic book characters ever. Academy Award winner Halle Berry portrays her in the X-Men films.

Publication history

Origin of Storm (1970s)

Cover to Giant-Size X-Men #1, 1975. Art by Gil Kane & Dave Cockrum. Storm is flying in the top right-hand corner.

Storm, a.k.a. Ororo Munroe first appeared in 1975 in the famous Giant Size X-Men #1 comic, written by Len Wein and pencilled by Dave Cockrum. In this comic, Wein uses a battle against the living island Krakoa to replace the first-generation X-Men of the 1960s with new X-Men.[2] Storm was an amalgamation of several characters Cockrum intended to use for the Legion of Super-Heroes. In a 1999 interview, Cockrum said that the original black female of the Legion would have been called The Black Cat. According to him, she had Storm's costume but without the cape, and a cat-like haircut with tufts for ears. However, other female cat characters like Tigra had appeared, so Cockrum redesigned his new character, giving her white hair, the cape, and so created Storm. When colleagues remarked that Storm’s white hair made her look like a grandmother, he just said: “Trust me.”[3]

Chris Claremont, who followed up Wein as the writer of the flagship title Uncanny X-Men in 1975, embraced Storm and started writing many notable X-Men stories, among them the God Loves, Man Kills and Dark Phoenix Saga arcs, which respectively served as base for the films X2: X-Men United and X-Men 3. In both arcs, Storm is written as a major supporting character. This was a harbinger of things to come, as Claremont stayed the main writer of that comic book for the next 16 years and consequentially wrote most of the publications containing Storm.

In Uncanny X-Men #102 (December 1976), Claremont established Storm’s backstory. Ororo's mother, N'Dare, is the princess of a tribe in Kenya and the descendant of a long line of Africans with white hair, blue eyes, and a natural gift for sorcery. N'Dare falls in love with and marries African American photojournalist David Munroe. They move to Harlem in uptown New York City, where she becomes pregnant with Ororo and bears her, and then to Egypt during the Suez Crisis, where they are killed in a botched aircraft attack and leave six-year-old Ororo as an orphan. There, her violent claustrophobia is also established as a result of being buried under tons of rubble after that attack. She then becomes a skilled thief in Cairo under the benign Achmed el-Gibar and wanders into the Serengeti as a young woman. There, she is worshipped as a goddess before being recruited by Professor X for the X-Men.[4]

Claremont further fleshed out Storm’s backstory in Uncanny X-Men #117 (January 1979). He retroactively added that Professor X, who recruits her in Giant Size X-Men #1 of 1975, had already met her as a child in Cairo. As Ororo grows up on the streets and becomes a proficient thief under the tutelage of master thief Achmed el-Gibar, one of her most notable victims was Charles Francis Xavier, the later Professor X. He is able to use his mental powers to temporarily prevent her escape and recognizes the potential in her. However, when Xavier is attacked mentally by Amahl Farouk, the Shadow King, the two men are preoccupied enough with their battle to allow the girl to escape. Both Xavier and the Shadow King recognize Storm as the young girl later.[5]

Punk revival (1980s)

In the following issues, Claremont portrayed Storm as a serene, independent character. Although Storm was initially written having trouble adjusting to Western culture, e.g. calling the obligation to cover herself up in a public bath "absurd,"[6] she earns a lot of respect: in Uncanny X-Men #139 (November 1980), Claremont established her as the leader of the X-Men,[7] a position she holds in various incarnations. Claremont also made Storm especially harbor motherly feelings for the youngest X-Man, 13-year old Kitty Pryde. In Marvel Team-Up #100 (December 1980), Claremont wrote a short story in which he retroactively established that Storm, then 12 years old, saves a young Black Panther from racist thugs when they both are in Kenya.[8] This story would later become a base for later writers to establish a deeper relationship between both characters.[9]

Cover to Uncanny X-Men #170. Storm (r.) battles Callisto for leadership of the Morlocks. Art by Paul Smith.

In X-Men Annual #5, the X-Men travel with the Fantastic Four to help Arkon the Imperion defeat lizard-like Badoon invaders who had taken over his kingdom. Storm and Arkon share a kiss at the end of the issue, as she turns down his offer to make her his queen.

In the early eighties, adventures of Storm written by Claremont included a space opera arc, in which the X-Men fight parasitic beings called the Brood. Storm is infected with a Brood egg and contemplates suicide, but then experiences a last-minute save by the benign whale-like Acanti aliens.[10] In the following arc, Claremont further established Storm's character strength. He wrote a story in which Storm's fellow X-Man Angel is abducted by a rogue mutant group called the Morlocks. The X-Men are hopelessly outnumbered, and Storm is rendered sick by the Morlock called Plague. Only one solution is left, namely if an X-Man defeats their leader Callisto in a duel to the death. At first, Storm's colleague, Nightcrawler, wants to battle her, but Storm states she leads the X-Men and fights Callisto. Despite being violently sick, she defeats Callisto by impaling her through the heart and nearly kills her.[11]

File:Storm-bigcostume2.jpg
Cover to Uncanny X-Men #223, featuring Storm in her punk look. Art by Kerry Gammill.

In Uncanny X-Men #173, October 1983, a notable move was made by changing Storm's costume and appearance. Writer Claremont and artist Paul Smith created a new look, abandoning her old costume for black leather top and pants, and changing her former veil of white hair into a punk Mohawk.[12] In the story, Storm's outlook on life darkens after her struggles with the Brood. These changes alienate her from Kitty for a time. Storm is influenced in this by Yukio, a lover of Wolverine who becomes one of her dearest friends. To flesh out Storm’s love life, Claremont wrote an arc in which fellow mutant Forge develops a mutant power neutralizing gun. The intended target is another X-Man, Rogue, who because of her criminal history and a recent encounter with some S.H.I.E.L.D. agents, is believed to be a terrorist. When the shady U.S. government operative Henry Peter Gyrich aims at Rogue, he accidentally hits Storm, taking away her powers. Forge saves Storm from death and takes her back to his home in Dallas, Texas to recover. With his help, she adjusts to life without her powers, and they slowly fall in love. Later, Storm overhears a phone conversation between Forge and Gyrich, and discovers Forge built the weapon that took her powers. She is heartbroken and leaves him.[13]

However, Claremont continued to write her as a strong character, letting a de-powered Storm win against Cyclops for the leadership of the X-Men in Uncanny X-Men #201 (1986).[14] In the late eighties, Claremont wrote arcs in which Storm, again portrayed with a costume and hairstyle closer to her original, temporarily joins the shady Hellfire Club (1987),[15] is trapped in another dimension with Forge and regains her elemental powers,[16] is captured by the evil cyborg Nanny.[17] Although believed slain in that encounter, she resurfaced, having become amnesiac as a result of being physically regressed to childhood by Nanny. She is hunted by the evil telepath Shadow King and framed for murder,[18] and finally returns to thieving before regaining her memories back.[19] In the following arc, The X-Tinction Agenda, she is kidnapped to the mutant-exploiting fictional nation of Genosha and is temporarily transformed into a brainwashed mutate, but is in the end restored physically and mentally to her adult prime.[20]

Growth as a character (1990s)

File:Storm-Forge.JPG
A panel from Uncanny X-Men #226, featuring Storm and Forge in an intimate embrace. Art by Marc Silvestri.

In October 1991, the X-Men franchise was relaunched, centering on the new eponymous X-Men (vol. 2) comic. Claremont wrote Storm as the leader as the X-Men's Gold Team; the other team, Blue, is led by her colleague Cyclops, the X-Man she once succeeded as leader. When Claremont left the X-Men comic after 16 years since his debut in Uncanny X-Men #94 (1975),[21] he was replaced by Jim Lee, who continued portraying her as a strong leader. In the sister title Uncanny X-Men, now under Scott Lobdell, Lobdell continued on the romance between Storm and Forge eventually having Forge propose to Storm in 1992. Storm hesitates and is about to say yes when Forge misinterprets her reaction and rescinds his offer before Storm can say yes.[22] Lobdell waited until November 1993 before he let a deeply hurt Storm and Forge make up with each other.[23] In 1995, Lobdell continued with an arc which pitted the X-Men against the Morlocks again. As Claremont did with Callisto in 1983, Lobdell let Storm end the battle by mortally wounding her opponent at the heart. This time, Storm rips out one heart of the two-hearted Morlock girl Marrow, who had fixed a bomb to it.[24] In February 1996, Storm got her first miniseries, the eponymous Storm. In these four issues, Ellis wrote a story in which Storm is sucked into an alternate dimension and pitted against villain Mikhail Rasputin.[25]

Contemporary Storm (2000s)

In X-Treme X-Men, conceived by a newly-reinstated Chris Claremont in July 2001, Storm was written as the leader of this team of more street-wise X-Men, including the former thief Gambit, former Brotherhood member Rogue, Sage, anti-hero Bishop, Psylocke and the more tame Thunderbird. This was in contrast to its more strait-laced sister titles, Uncanny X-Men and New X-Men. In the period until its end in issue #46 (June 2004), Claremont continued to write Storm as the central character. During this time, Storm enjoys a brief flirtation with younger fellow X-Man Slipstream and is kidnapped by the intergalactic warlord Khan. Khan wants to make her his queen, but Storm defeats him. In the series, she also becomes leader of the fictional X-Treme Sanctions Executive, a special police task force of mutants policing mutants given worldwide authority.[26]

In the aftermath of the 2005 House of M storyline of Brian Michael Bendis, while 98% of the mutants lost their powers due to the Scarlet Witch's magicks, Storm is among the 198 mutants who retain their powers.[27] Also in that year, the miniseries Ororo: Before the Storm of Mark Sumerak retold her backstory in greater detail, concentrating on her relationship with surrogate father figure Achmed el-Gibar during her childhood.[28]

File:Stormbpmarriage.PNG
The marriage of Storm and the Black Panther. Front cover for Black Panther #18 (2006), by Frank Cho.

In the following year, Marvel Comics announced that Ororo would marry fellow African super hero Black Panther. Collaborating writer Eric Jerome Dickey explained that it was a move to explicitly target the female and African American audience.[29] Though the events of Storm's relationship with Black Panther were never written beforehand, the initial meeting of the characters was retconned without explanation. Initially, in Marvel Team-Up #100 (1980), Storm is seen at age twelve rescuing Black Panther from a white racist called Andreas de Ruyter,[8] but in Dickey's miniseries, T'Challa saves Ororo (who is still twelve) from de Ruyter and his brother. A Black Panther #24 (2006) flashback is ambiguous when it comes to the physical aspect of their first meeting, while the miniseries has Ororo lose her virginity to T'Challa a few days after they meet.[30] Collaborating writer Axel Alonso, editor of Black Panther, has stated: "Eric's story, for all intents and purposes (...) is Ororo's origin story."Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).. Marvel Comics editor-in-chief Joe Quesada was highly supportive of this marriage, stating it was the Marvel Comics equivalent of the marriage of "Lady Diana and Prince Charles," and he expected both characters to emerge strengthened.[31] Quesada's prediction has begun to be born out in a Black Panther story arc that followed Storm and T'Challa's wedding where the newly married couple go on a World Tour, meeting with other known royalties such as Doctor Doom, Namor, as well as the Black Bolt of the Inhumans. With Mister Fantastic and the Invisible Woman taking time off to work on their marriage in the aftermath of the Civil War, Storm and Black Panther become temporary members of the Fantastic Four alongside the Human Torch and the Thing in 2007.[32] Storm has returned to Uncanny X-Men.[33]

Also, during the World War Hulk series, Storm and the Black Panther tried to help the Fantastic Four defeat the the Hulk, but were all beaten.[citation needed]

In X-Men: Messiah Complex, Storm covers Nightcrawler when it came to attacking the Marauders.[citation needed]

Historical significance

See also: African characters in comics
File:TurnerStorm.jpg
Detail from the variant cover of Black Panther #18 of her sexy pose.
Art by Michael Turner.

Storm was one of the first black comic book characters, and the first black female, to play either a major or supporting role in the big two comic book houses, Marvel Comics and DC Comics. Within these two companies, her 1975 debut was only preceded by a few male black characters. In Marvel Comics, preceding characters were Gabe Jones (debuted in 1963), Black Panther (1966), Bill Foster (1966), Spider-Man supporting characters Joe Robertson (1967) and his son Randy (1968) and Hobie Brown, The Falcon (1969), Luke Cage (1972), Blade (1973) and Abe Brown (1974). In DC Comics, she was preceded by Teen Titans member Mal Duncan who debuted in 1970, Green Lantern wielder John Stewart (1971) and Mister Miracle protégé Shilo Norman (1973), but she preceded DC's other black heroes, Legion of Super-Heroes member Tyroc (who debuted in 1976), and Black Lightning (who debuted in 1977). While not the first black character to be introduced, since her creation, Storm has remained the most successful and recognizable black superhero. In fact, Marvel Comics editor-in-chief Joe Quesada has referred to Storm as

one of the greatest female characters ever and certainly the greatest African character ever conceived.

Fictional character biography

Ever since her inception in 1975, Storm's biography has largely stayed the same. The framework was laid first by Chris Claremont, who fleshed out her backstory in Uncanny X-Men #102 (1976)[4] and Uncanny X-Men #117 (1979).[34] Some reinterpretations were made in 2005 and 2006, where writers Mark Sumerak and Eric Jerome Dickey, respectively, rewrote part of her early history in the miniseries Ororo: Before the Storm[28] and Storm (vol. 2).[35]

According to established Marvel canon, Ororo Munroe is the child of Kenyan tribal princess N’Dare and African-American photographer David Munroe. While stationed in Egypt during the Suez Crisis, a fighter jet crashes into her parents’ house, killing them. Buried under tons of rubble, Ororo survives but is orphaned and left with intense claustrophobia.[4] In Cairo, she is picked up by the benign street lord Achmed el-Gibar and becomes a prolific thief;[28] among her victims is her future mentor Professor X who is there to meet the Shadow King.[34] Following an inner urge, she wanders into the Serengeti as a teenager and meets T’Challa, her future husband. Despite strong mutual feelings, the two part ways.[8][35]

In the Serengeti, Ororo first displays her mutant ability to control the weather. For a time, she is worshipped as a rain goddess, practicing nudism and tribal spirituality, before being recruited by Professor X into the X-Men. Ororo receives the code name “Storm” and is established as a strong, serene character.[2] She eventually supplants her colleague Cyclops as leader of the X-Men,[7] a role she fills out during most of her time as a superhero. Concerning her personal life, she is for a longer time romantically involved with fellow X-Man Forge, and even considers marrying him before breaking up.[22]

After 98% of the mutants of the world lose their powers, Storm leaves the X-Men to go to Africa; rekindles her relationship with T’Challa, now a superhero known as Black Panther; marries him; and becomes the queen of the kingdom of Wakanda.[36] On a recent mission in space, the Watcher told Black Panther and Storm that their children would have a special destiny.

Powers and abilities

Weather manipulation

Storm is one of the most powerful mutants in the Marvel Universe. She has demonstrated a plethora of abilities, all of which are facets of her power to control the weather.[37]

Storm possesses the ability to control all forms of weather. She can control the temperature of the environment, control all forms of precipitation, humidity and moisture, coalesce toxic atmospheric pollutants into acid rain or toxic fog, control the wind to elevate herself to fly at high altitudes and speeds, generate lightning and other electromagnetic atmospheric phenomena, and has demonstrated excellent control over atmospheric pressure. She can produce all forms of meteorological tempests, such as tornadoes, thunderstorms, blizzards, and hurricanes, and can dissipate such weather to form clear skies as well.

Besides the atmosphere, Storm has demonstrated the ability to control natural forces that include cosmic storms, solar wind, ocean currents and the electromagnetic field. She can create electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields and has demonstrated the ability to create electrolytic fields to separate water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen. While in outer space, she is able to affect and manipulate the interstellar and intergalactic mediums. Storm can alter her visual perceptions so as to see the universe in terms of energy patterns, detecting the flow of the electromagnetic fields behind weather phenomena, machines, and nervous systems.

Storm has shown to be sensitive to the dynamics of the natural world. One consequence of this connection to nature is that she often suppresses extreme feelings to prevent her emotional state from resulting in violent weather. She has sensed a diseased and dying tree on the X-Men mansion grounds, detected objects within various atmospheric mediums--including water, sensed the incorrect motion of a hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere and the gravitational stress on the tides by the Moon and Sun as well as the distortion of a planet's magnetosphere.[38]

Storm's mutant abilities are limited by her willpower and the strength of her body.[37] Her character has been described as being a "possible omega-level mutant."[39]

Magical potential

Storm's ancestry supports the use of magic and witchcraft.[40] Many of her ancestors were sorceresses and priestesses. Storm's matrilenial powers have even been linked to the real-world Rain Queens of Balobedu, the region from which her Sorceress Supreme ancestor, Ayesha, hails from. The Mystic Arcana series deals with Storm's ancestor Ashake, who worships the Egyptian goddess Ma'at, also known as Oshtur--the mother of Agamotto.[41] Some of Storm's alternate universe selves possess considerable magical talent.[42] Although Storm has not developed her magical potential, it has been hinted at.[40] The Mystic Arcana series lists the characters with magic potential according to the Marvel Tarot deck. The Tarot asserts Storm as being "High Priestess," the First Tarot's choice one-third of the time. The other draws were the Scarlet Witch and Agatha Harkness. These three characters split the High Priestess card equally. On a separate note, it has been stated that Storm's spirit is so strong that she was able to host the consciousness of Eternity, a feat in which very few Marvel characters can do without going insane.[43]

Combat and thievery

Storm has been additionally portrayed as a skilled thief and a gifted hand-to-hand fighter, trained by Wolverine. By using superior strategy, Storm has overcome physically superior fighters like Callisto and the Crimson Commando in hand-to-hand combat. Storm is fluent in Arabic and Swahili, a characterization that gives her a thick African accent[citation needed]. As part of her paraphernalia, Storm carries a set of lock-picks and her ancestral ruby, which allows inter-dimensional transportation with the help of her lightning.[37]

Physical abilities & traits

Storm's physiology grants her immunity to extreme weather conditions and temperatures.[44][45] Her body compensates for rapid decreases or increases in atmospheric pressure.[46] She can see in near-complete darkness and has superb dexterity.[47][48] Storm has been described as having one of the strongest wills among the X-Men, making her highly resistant to psychic attacks. Telepaths have found it difficult to track her down and probe her thoughts. Several of these traits are independent of her mutant status and are a result of her ancestry. Also, when utilizing her powers, Storm's eyes turn milk white.[37]

Other versions

Main article: Alternate versions of Storm

In addition to her mainstream incarnation, Storm has had been depicted in other fictional universes.

In other media

Television

  • Storm first made guest appearances on the Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends in the episodes titled "A Firestar Is Born", "The Education of a Superhero", and "The X-Men Adventure" alongside various other X-Men. She was voiced by Kathy Garver in "The X-Men Adventure" and Annie Lockhart in "A Firestar Is Born".[49]
  • Her third and longest TV incarnation was in the X-Men animated series of the mid-1990s, where she was originally voiced by Iona Morris for the first season and the first 7 episodes of season 2, and then Alison Sealy-Smith for the rest of the series and the final version of the season 1 episodes replacing Morris as the voice of Storm.[51]
  • She also guest starred in Spider-Man: The Animated Series in the 1990s in first the fourth and fifth episodes of Season 2, along with the rest of the X-Men, and then toward the end, Storm appears in all of the Secret Wars arc episodes in which Morris resumes the role.[52]
  • In her fifth TV incarnation, the animated series, X-Men: Evolution, Storm is portrayed as a teacher at Professor X's Xavier Institute and was voiced by Kirsten Williamson. This incarnation parallels the original Storm in many ways, portraying her as the serene second-in-command after Professor X. In this version, she is the aunt of young X-Man Evan Daniels (codename Spyke) and a member of the staff at the Xavier Institute. She is also the keeper of the X-Mansion's greenhouse.[53]
  • Storm appears in the Robot Chicken episode "Sausage Fest." She is among the featured X-Men that are killed in battle against a Sentinel. On a side note, Professor X has Moses Hightower wearing a battle uniform related to one of hers.

Film

File:Xmenstud`cio009zi3.jpg
Storm in X-Men 3, played by actress Halle Berry.

Storm is portrayed by Halle Berry in the movies X-Men, X2: X-Men United, and X-Men: The Last Stand. Storm received little screen time in the first movie and took a backseat to characters such as Wolverine and Jean Grey. In the second film, X2: X-Men United, Storm had more screen time, but no real story. Berry rallied for more character development,[54] and her role was enhanced in X-Men 3. In the third movie, Storm takes over as the director of the Xavier Institute, and as the leader of the X-Men.

Storm's character also makes a short cameo appearance in the 2008 film, Superhero Movie.

Video games

Storm has appeared in most of the X-Men video games that have been released on various consoles. The most noticeable ones are Marvel vs. Capcom series and the X-Men: Mutant Academy games for the Sony PlayStation as well the first-person shooter X-Men: The Ravages of Apocalypse.[55] In addition, she appeared in X-Men: Next Dimension, X-Men Legends and its sequel X-Men Legends II: Rise of Apocalypse for various game systems. She was voiced by Cheryl Carter in X-Men Legends and by Dawnn Lewis in X-Men Legends II: Rise of Apocalypse.[55]

Furthermore, she is also a playable character in the EA video game Marvel Nemesis: Rise of the Imperfects (Elektra and Storm are the only heroines).[55] Storm also played a role in the video game based on the film, X-Men: The Official Game, as a playable character. Her voice is supplied by Debra Wilson.[55]

Storm was also a playable character in Marvel: Ultimate Alliance and was again voiced by Dawnn Lewis. Her Astonishing, Classic, Ultimate, and Retro costumes are available. If the player has Storm on their team at the start of Mandarin's Palace level, she will bring up her history of her fight with Mandarin to Nick Fury. Storm also has special dialogue with Henry Pym (when it revolved around going to save Nightcrawler in Mephisto's Realm) and Shi'ar Empress Lilandra (when you're hunting for Deathbird on the Shi'ar Battle Cruiser) and Dark Colossus. A simulation disk has Storm protecting Iceman and Wolverine from Hussar in Murderworld and another one has Blade protecting her from Dark Spider-Man in Mephisto's Realm.

Storm made a special appearance in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 for the Game Boy. In late 2007, fans began petitioning for Storm to have her own video game and movie.

Theme park ride

Along with Doctor Doom, the Hulk, and Spider-Man, Storm also has a ride in Marvel Super Hero Island of Universal Studios. The ride, based on a common teacup ride, is called "Storm Force Acceleration". It includes fog effects and strobe lights (to simulate lightning) which can be seen if ridden after dark. She is the first superheroine and X-Man to have a ride named after her.[56]

Awards

In the 2007 Glyph Comics Awards, the Fan Award for Best Comic was won by Storm, by Eric Jerome Dickey, David Yardin & Lan Medina, and Jay Leisten & Sean Parsons.

References

  1. ^ Chris Claremont (writer) and Greg Land (artist). Uncanny X-Men #449, Marvel Comics, November 2004.
  2. ^ a b c Giant Size X-Men #1, 1975 Cite error: The named reference "giantsizexmen1" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cooke, John B. "The Marvel Days of the Co-Creator of the New X-Men". Retrieved 2006-12-01.
  4. ^ a b c Uncanny X-Men #102, Dec. 1976 Cite error: The named reference "uncannyxmen102" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  5. ^ Uncanny X-Men #117, Jan. 1979
  6. ^ Uncanny X-Men #109, Feb 1978
  7. ^ a b Uncanny X-Men #139, Nov. 1980
  8. ^ a b c Marvel Team-Up #100, Dec. 1980
  9. ^ Weiland, Jonah. "Hudlin & Dickey talk Black Panther/Storm Wedding". Retrieved 2006-12-01.
  10. ^ Uncanny X-Men #162-#166, Sept. 1982-Feb. 1983
  11. ^ Uncanny X-Men #169-170, May-June 1983
  12. ^ Uncanny X-Men #173, Oct. 1983
  13. ^ Uncanny X-Men #185-186, 1984
  14. ^ Uncanny X-Men #201, 1986
  15. ^ New Mutants (vol. 1) #51, 1987
  16. ^ Uncanny X-Men #225-227, Jan.-March 1988
  17. ^ Uncanny X-Men #248, Sept. 1989
  18. ^ Uncanny X-Men #253-257, Nov. 1989-Jan. 1990
  19. ^ Uncanny X-Men #265-267, Aug-Sept 1990
  20. ^ Uncanny X-Men #270-271, 1991
  21. ^ X-Men (vol. 2) #3, Dec. 1991, was the last X-Men comic Chris Claremont wrote after 16 consecutive years
  22. ^ a b Uncanny X-Men #289-290, June 1992
  23. ^ Uncanny X-Men #306, Nov. 1993
  24. ^ Uncanny X-Men #325, Oct. 1995
  25. ^ Storm #1-4, Feb-May 1996
  26. ^ X-Treme X-Men #1-46, July 2001-June 2004
  27. ^ House of M, 2005
  28. ^ a b c Ororo: Before the Storm #1-4, Aug-Nov 2005 Cite error: The named reference "ororobeforethestorm14" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  29. ^ newsarama.com. "Black Panther/Storm wedding conference". Retrieved 2006-12-01.
  30. ^ Black Panther #24, Dec. 2006
  31. ^ Quesada, Joe. "Joe's Friday 31, a weekly Q&A with Joe Quesada". Retrieved 2006-12-01.
  32. ^ Dwayne McDuffie (w), Paul Pelletier (p). Fantastic Four, no. 544 (March 2007). Marvel comics.
  33. ^ Richard George (2007-03-18). "Endangered X-Men Build to Fall Event". IGN. Retrieved 2007-03-19. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  34. ^ a b Uncanny X-Men #117, Jan. 1979
  35. ^ a b Storm (vol. 2) #1-6 miniseries, Apr-Nov 2006 Cite error: The named reference "storm16" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  36. ^ Black Panther #18, July 2006
  37. ^ a b c d marvel.com. "Storm: Marvel Universe". Retrieved 2006-12-01.
  38. ^ Black Panther (vol. 5) #29
  39. ^ Black Panther (vol. 5) #25
  40. ^ a b The Marvel Tarot Direct Edition One Shot, June 2007
  41. ^ Mystic Arcana (vol. 1) #1
  42. ^ Chris Claremont (w), John Buscema (p), Tom Palmer (i). "Little Girl Lost" Magik (Illyana and Storm Limited Series), vol. 1, no. 1 (December 1983). Marvel Comics.
  43. ^ Fantastic Four (vol. 1) #550
  44. ^ Uncanny X-Men #121
  45. ^ Uncanny X-Men #165
  46. ^ X-Treme X-Men #32
  47. ^ Uncanny X-Men #113
  48. ^ Uncanny X-Men #151-152
  49. ^ tv.com. "Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends". Retrieved 2006-04-30.
  50. ^ Pryde of the X-Men, 1989, imdb.com, retrieved November 30, 2006
  51. ^ imdb.com. "X-Men: The Animated Series". Retrieved 2007-01-30.
  52. ^ "Spider-Man: The Animated Series (1994-1997) - The Cast". Retrieved 2007-01-30.
  53. ^ imdb.com. "X-Men: Evolution". Retrieved 2006-12-01.
  54. ^ imdb.com. "Berry Returns to X-Men for Bigger Role?". Retrieved 2007-01-30.
  55. ^ a b c d marvel.com. Video Game Hub "Marvel.com Video Game Hub". Retrieved 2006-12-01. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  56. ^ Universal Orlando. "Storm Force Acceleration". Retrieved 2006-12-01.

See also

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