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Dangerous (Michael Jackson album)

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Untitled

Dangerous is the eighth studio album by Michael Jackson, released on November 26, 1991. It became his second to debut at #1 on the Billboard 200 album chart, where it spent the next four consecutive weeks. The album had sold over 42 million copies worldwide.[2] The album won one Grammy for Best Engineered Album - Non Classical won by Bruce Swedien & Teddy Riley[3] and is the most successful new jack swing album of all time.[4] Dangerous was the first album ever to spawn eight consecutive UK Top 20 hits.

Project

According to the sleeve notes on the later remastered edition of the album, recording sessions began in Los Angeles, California at Ocean Way/Record One Studio 2 on June 25, 1990. The sessions ended at Larrabee North and Ocean Way Studio on October 29, 1991, being the most extensive recording project of Jackson's career at the time (over 16 months compared to the usual 6 spent for his previous three studio albums).

In March 1991, Jackson signed a 15 year, 6 album deal to Sony Music. The press reported that Sony actually handed over $1 billion to Jackson, but that was not the case. At the time, Sony estimated that if the albums Jackson released under the new contract sold at the same level they currently sold, it would generate over $1 billion in profits for them. Additionally, Jackson was awarded the highest royalty rate in the business. By the time the contract expired in March 2006, Michael would have been paid $45 million from Sony ($1 million a year, plus $5 million per album delivered). This does not include money he would have also earned from sales of albums, singles, videos etc. Under this contract, Jackson is estimated to have earned $175 million from album sales alone.

At this point, Dangerous was already in the making, under the producing talents of (Quincy Jones recommended) 23-year-old Teddy Riley and Grammy-winner Bill Bottrell. The previous album, Bad, was Jackson's last designed for the LP industry, conforming to the usual 10-song within 50-minute format, whereas Dangerous was a 77-minute, 14-track compilation, which almost dared the capacity of early Nineties compact discs. Consequently, the record was released as a double album in vinyl.

Dangerous was a highly anticipated album, as shown by an incident at the Los Angeles International Airport, where a group of armed robbers stole 30,000 copies before its official release. Because of this, more early copies of the album were released in several countries on November 21 followed by the official November 26 release date.[5]

Album Cover

The album is also well known for the cover's mysterious nature.It's also known for the number of occult symbols.(eg: the world upside down in the middle) A special limited-edition of the album was initially released in a large box with a picture of Jackson's eyes, which folded open to reveal the normal cover (painted by pop surrealist Mark Ryden), in pop-up card, with the CD and booklet in the bottom.

Reception

Commercial

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Allmusic[6]
Robert Christgau(A-)[7]
Entertainment Weekly(B-)[8]
Q Magazine[9]
Rolling Stone[10]
Virgin Encyclopedia[11]

Dangerous was released on November 26, 1991 with record-breaking sales. Dangerous was Jackson's fastest-selling album ever in the United States with seven million shipped in under two months. This broke the sales record for Bad, which had also shipped seven million copies in 1987, but in twice as many months.

Dangerous debuted at #1 on the Billboard Hot 200 Album Charts, with 326,500 copies sold in its first week. It held the position for four weeks until being replaced by Nirvana's Nevermind; the switch has been cited as an important signal helping to break alternative rock into the mainstream. Jackson helped promote the album with a high-profile performance at the Super Bowl and an interview with Oprah Winfrey, but it did not return to the #1 slot. However, it returned to the Top Ten after Jackson received the Grammy Legend Award at the 1993 ceremony. Dangerous spent 117 weeks inside the Billboard 200, thirty weeks more than Bad. The RIAA certified Dangerous 7x platinum, for shipping 7 million copies.[12]

In the United Kingdom, the album debuted at #1, holding off U2's Achtung Baby, but in the second week it was replaced by Queen's Greatest Hits II. Dangerous spent 23 weeks in the Top 10, and a total of 96 weeks on the Top 75 chart.

"Black or White" was produced and co-written by Bill Bottrell. The single was Jackson's biggest hit since 1983's "Billie Jean". In all, nine singles were released, spanning two years (1991-1993). A planned single release of the title track "Dangerous" was canceled in late 1993 due to the child molestation allegations. Seven singles reached the UK Top 10, the most for any Jackson album.

48% of Bad's worldwide sales were in the UK and US; for Dangerous, the total was 33%, reflecting Jackson's growing global reach. For the most part, the singles from Dangerous were bigger hits in Europe and Australia than in the United States. Dangerous sold very well in both Asia and South America, two emerging and growing record markets, and was supported by the Dangerous World Tour. Prior to the release of Jackson's next studio album, HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I, Dangerous had already sold over twenty-two million copies worldwide.[13] In the space of 17 years, sources estimate the record has sold between 30 and 32 million copies worldwide making it a faster selling album than his previous record Bad.[2][14][15]

Critical

The album was included at number 115 on the list of the "Definitive 200" albums of all time developed by the National Association of Recording Merchandisers.[16]

Track listing

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Jam" (featuring Heavy D)René Moore, Bruce Swedien, Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley5:39
2."Why You Wanna Trip on Me"Teddy Riley, Bernard Belle5:24
3."In the Closet" (featuring Stéphanie of Monaco)Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley6:31
4."She Drives Me Wild" (featuring Wreckx-n-Effect)Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley; rap lyrics by Aquil Davidson3:41
5."Remember the Time"Teddy Riley, Michael Jackson, Bernard Belle4:00
6."Can't Let Her Get Away"Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley4:59
7."Heal the World"Michael Jackson6:25
8."Black or White"Michael Jackson; rap lyrics by Bill Bottrell4:14
9."Who Is It"Michael Jackson6:34
10."Give In to Me" (featuring Slash)Michael Jackson, Bill Bottrell5:29
11."Will You Be There (Theme from Free Willy)"Michael Jackson7:39
12."Keep the Faith"Glen Ballard, Siedah Garrett, Michael Jackson5:57
13."Gone Too Soon"Larry Grossman, Buz Kohan3:22
14."Dangerous"Michael Jackson, Bill Bottrell, Teddy Riley6:59

The 2001 Special Edition has the same track listing. It was re-packaged with the Dangerous – The Short Films DVD in a two disc set in 2008.

Special editions

Alternative editions of the albums became very rare, products almost exclusive for record collectors. The most notable editions were a 1992 edition that folded out to become a diorama, a 1993 Japan remix compilation[17][18] and a 1993 Australia two-disc edition that contained bonus remixes.[19]

An international re-release of the album (entitled Dangerous: Special Edition) took place on October 16, 2001, just two weeks before the release of Jackson's studio album Invincible. Simultaneously, Special Editions of Off the Wall, Thriller and Bad were also released. For the occasion, Dangerous was digitally remastered and included a slipcase and a brand new 24-page colorful booklet with revised artwork and previously-unseen photos. The new edition managed to reach #108 in the UK charts (the only one of those four re-releases that didn't enter the Top 75 there). Because of the constraints of Dangerous' running time, previously unreleased songs were not included. Originally, Dangerous: Special Edition was to be released as a double disc release, the 1st disc featuring the original 14 track album, the 2nd filled with unreleased tracks. This project was scrapped at the last moment, however many of the tracks were eventually leaked onto the internet along with various demos of other tracks that appeared on the album. In 2004, some of these leaked tracks were officially released on The Ultimate Collection (namely the "Dangerous" [Early Version] and "Monkey Business").

Dangerous - The Remix Collection (Japan)

Untitled
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Black or White (C&C House/Club Mix)"Michael Jackson; rap lyrics by Bill Bottrell7:33
2."Remember the Time (New Jack Main Mix)"Teddy Riley, Michael Jackson, Bernard Belle6:47
3."Remember the Time (Acapella)"Teddy Riley, Michael Jackson, Bernard Belle3:34
4."In the Closet (Reprise)"Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley2:45
5."In the Closet (The Underground Mix)"Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley5:47
6."Who Is It (Lakeside Dub)"Michael Jackson6:38
7."Who Is It (Moby's Raw Mercy Dub)"Michael Jackson8:59
8."Jam (Silky 7")"René Moore, Bruce Swedien, Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley4:12
9."Jam (Roger's Jeep Mix)"René Moore, Bruce Swedien, Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley6:03
10."Give In to Me (Vocal Version)"Michael Jackson, Bill Bottrell4:42

Dangerous - Collector's Edition (Australia)

Disc 1 - Dangerous
Disc 2
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Who Is It (IHS Mix)"Michael Jackson7:58
2."Black or White (The Clivillés & Cole House/Club Mix)"Michael Jackson; rap lyrics by Bill Bottrell7:33
3."Jam (Teddy's Jam)"René Moore, Bruce Swedien, Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley5:48
4."In the Closet (The Mission)"Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley9:20
5."Give In to Me (Vocal Version)"Michael Jackson, Bill Bottrell4:43
6."Remember the Time (Silky Soul 12" Mix)"Teddy Riley, Michael Jackson, Bernard Belle7:05
7."Rock with You (Masters At Work Remix)"Rod Temperton5:29
8."Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough (Roger's Underground Remix)"Michael Jackson6:22

Bonus Cuts - Test Pressing Acetate

[20]

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Bumper Snippet (Kid Part)"Michael Jackson, Bill Bottrell0:18
2."Monkey Business*"Michael Jackson, Bill Bottrell5:46
3."Work That Body"Michael Jackson, Bryan Loren3:30
4."If You Don't Love Me"Michael Jackson4:13
5."Serious Effect" (featuring LL Cool J)Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley4:18
6."Happy Birthday Lisa"Michael Jackson1:37
7."She Got It"Michael Jackson, Bill Bottrell, Teddy Riley4:29
8."Black or White (The Clivillés & Cole Radio Mix)"Michael Jackson; rap lyrics by Bill Bottrell3:34
9."Dangerous [Early Version]*"Michael Jackson, Bill Bottrell, Teddy Riley6:38
10."Who Is It [IHS Mix]*"Michael Jackson7:55

* - Eventually released officially on The Ultimate Collection

Grammy Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1993 Dangerous Best Engineered - Non Classical Won
"Black or White" Best Pop Vocal Performance - Male Nominated
"Jam" Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male Nominated
"Jam" Best R&B Song Nominated

Music videos

As was becoming the standard for Jackson, the album's music videos were among the most costly and innovative of their time. Several of the music videos taken from the Dangerous album had complex storylines and dance sequences, and featured cameo appearances by celebrities. The video for "Jam", directed by David Kellogg, showed Jackson and Michael Jordan playing basketball and dancing together, while "Remember the Time", directed by John Singleton, was set in an Ancient Egyptian palace, and starred Eddie Murphy, Magic Johnson and Iman. "In the Closet" featured Jackson and supermodel Naomi Campbell as lovers. The director of the video was photographer Herb Ritts, who also photographed Jackson in a series of promotional shots for the release of the Dangerous album. The video clip for "Who Is It" is notable as it was directed by David Fincher who later went on direct a number of films including Se7en, Fight Club and Zodiac. For the video "Give Into Me", Michael appears in a concert setting, featuring Guns N Roses guitarist Slash.

"Black or White" was originally over ten minutes long, premiering simultaneously on November 14, 1991 on MTV, VH1, BET, and Fox. The video featured one of the earliest examples of computer-generated morphing. The last four minutes of the video also induced much controversy, as it depicted Jackson smashing store windows and destroying a car with a crowbar. Jackson said this destructive behaviour was intended to imply a message of anti-racism and racist graffiti was added in later versions to make the violence more understandable. The music video was also controversial because of Jackson's sexually suggestive dance, which included the crotch grab as well as zipping up his pants. MTV and the other music video networks decided to excise the last four minutes of the "Black or White" video for all subsequent airings, and Jackson issued a statement apologizing to anyone who had been offended, and explaining that he tried to interpret the animal instinct of panthers into a dance. The video featured Macaulay Culkin and an appearance during the morphing scene by young Tyra Banks and was directed by John Landis, also the director of the "Thriller" short film.

Certifications

Country Certification Sales
Australia 9x Platinum 630,000 [22]
Austria 4x Platinum 80,000 [23]
Brazil 2x Platinum 600,000 [24]
Canada 6x Platinum 600,000 [25]
Finland Platinum 61,896 [26]
Germany 4x Platinum 2,000,000 [27]
Hungary Platinum 6,000 [28]
Mexico 2x Platinum + Gold[29] 750,000 [30]
Netherlands 3x Platinum 240,000[31]
New Zealand 6x Platinum[32] 90,000[33]
Sweden 3x Platinum [34]
Switzerland 5x Platinum 250,000 [35]
UK 6x Platinum 1,800,000 [36]
U.S. 7x Platinum 7,000,000 [37]

Chart positions

Year Chart Position
1991 Billboard 200 1
Norwegian Albums Chart
Australian ARIA Albums Chart
UK Albums Chart
1992 Billboard 200
Norwegian Albums Chart
Australian ARIA Albums Chart
1993 New Zealand Albums Chart
2009 Czech Albums Chart[38] 2
Poland Albums Chart[39] 6
Mexican AMPROFON Top 100 Albums[40] 6
Brazil Top 10 CD ABPD 4[41]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Dangerous". AllMusic. Retrieved 2009-04-27.
  2. ^ a b "Michael Jackson's Life & Legacy: The Eccentric King Of Pop (1986-1999)". MTV. MTV. 2010-07-06. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
  3. ^ a b "Grammy for Bruce Swedien & Teddy Riley". Grammy. Retrieved 2009-02-25.
  4. ^ Carter, Kelley L. (2008-08-11). "New jack swing". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2008-08-21.
  5. ^ "Flashbacks!". beach-bulletin.com. Retrieved 2007-06-30.
  6. ^ "Review: Michael Jackson's "Dangerous" Album". Allmusic.
  7. ^ "Robert Christgau Reviews - Dangerous (Michael Jackson Album)". Robert Christgau.
  8. ^ {{cite web |title=Entertainment Weekly Reviews |url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,316329,00.html |publisher=Entertainment Weekly
  9. ^ "Q Magazine Reviews". Q Magazine.
  10. ^ "Rolling Stone Reviews". Rolling Stone.
  11. ^ "Review". Virgin Encyclopedia.
  12. ^ "Gold and Platinum". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 2008-04-27.
  13. ^ Levis, Mike: Asia Pacific: The Media at Large, page 68. Billboard magazine (May 20, 1995).
  14. ^ "Michael Jackson BBC Obituary". BBC.com. 2009-06-26. Retrieved 2009-07-03.
  15. ^ "Michael Jackson sulla sedia a rotelle". AffarItaliani.it. 2008-07-11. Retrieved 2009-05-10.
  16. ^ "Definitive 200". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2007.
  17. ^ Dangerous (Michael Jackson album) at DiscogsTemplate:Accessdate
  18. ^ Torreano, Bradley. "Dangerous (Dangerous Remix)". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved 2009-12-16.
  19. ^ http://www.platinumart.f2s.com/MJCD/dangerousaus.html
  20. ^ MJCollectorLand - WARNING: In French
  21. ^ "Grammy Awards 1993". Rock On The Net. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
  22. ^ Australian Record Industry Association (ARIA)
  23. ^ [1]
  24. ^ [2]
  25. ^ Canadian Recording Industry Association (CRIA): Certification Results
  26. ^ IFPI
  27. ^ Bundesverband Musikindustrie
  28. ^ [3]
  29. ^ [4]
  30. ^ [5]
  31. ^ [6]
  32. ^ New Zealand Certification
  33. ^ New Zealand Chart Facts
  34. ^ [7]
  35. ^ [8]
  36. ^ [9]
  37. ^ [10]
  38. ^ [11]
  39. ^ http://olis.onyx.pl/listy/index.asp?lang=pl
  40. ^ Mexican Albums Chart Week 29 - 2009
  41. ^ July 6 - July 12, 2009
Preceded by Billboard 200 number-one album
December 14, 1991 - January 10, 1992 		Succeeded by
Preceded by UK number one album
November 30, 1991 – December 6, 1991 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Achtung Baby by U2
 Australian ARIA Albums Chart number-one album
December 8, 1991 - January 17, 1992 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Swiss Albums Chart number-one album
December 1, 1991 - December 21, 1991 		Succeeded by
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