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Transport in Peru

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Railways

total: 1,988 km
standard gauge: 1,608 km, 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) gauge
narrow gauge: 380 km, 36 gauge

Main article: Rail transport in Peru

There are two unconnected principal railways in Peru.

The Ferrocarril Central Andino (FCCA; the former Ferrocarril Central del Perú) runs inland from Callao and Lima across the Andes watershed to La Oroya and Huancayo. It is the second highest railway in the world (following opening of the Qingzang railway in Tibet), with the Galera summit tunnel under Mount Meiggs at 4,783 m (15,692 ft) and Galera station at 4,777 m (15,673 ft) above sea level. In 1955 the railway opened a spur line from La Cima on the Morococha branch (4,818 m (15,807 ft) above sea level) to Volcán Mine, reaching an (at the time) world record altitude of 4,830 m (15,850 ft). Both branch and spur have since closed to traffic.[1] From Huancayo the route is extended by the Ferrocarril Huancayo - Huancavelica. In July 2006 FCCA began work to regauge the Huancavelica line from 3 ft (0.91 m) to standard gauge and it was finished in 2010. There was also a proposal for a 21 km tunnel under the Andes.[2]

The Ferrocarriles del Sur del Perú (FCS), now operated by PeruRail, runs from the coast at Matarani to Cuzco, and to Puno on Lake Titicaca. From Cuzco, PeruRail runs the 3 ft (0.91 m) gauge line to Aguas Calientes for Machu Picchu.[3]

Maps

Towns served

Main article: Railway stations in Peru

Central railways

See Ferrocarril Central Andino

Southern railway

See PeruRail

Metro

Lima has a metro service called Tren electrico. The line has an extension of 21.9 Km. with 16 stations, and goes from downtown to the southern districts. The northern branch of this line of 11.9 Km. is under construction (2012).

Proposed

Highways


total: 85,900 km
paved: 45,000 km (Of which approximately 350 km. of divided multi-line roads)
unpaved: 40,900 km (1999 est.)

The Pan American Highway runs the country from north to south next to the coast, from Tumbes (Ecuadoran border) to Tacna (Chilean border). From Arequipa a branch goes to Puno and then to Bolivia. Other important highways are the Longitudinal de la Sierra, that goes from north to south in the highlands; and the Carretera Central, that goes from Lima (in the coast) to Pucallpa (in the jungle).

Long distance buses

Inter-city travel in Peru is almost exclusively done in long distance buses. Buses in most of the cities depart from bus terminals called terminal terrestre. The main bus companies that serve Lima with the major cities include Cruz del Sur and Ormeño. Other companies are Civa, Tepsa, Cial, Flores and Oltursa.

Waterways

8,600 km of navigable tributaries of Amazon system and 208 km of Lake Titicaca.

There are river boat service from Yurimaguas and Pucallpa to Iquitos, and from there to the Brazilian border in the Amazon river. Touristic boats can be reached at Puno in the Lake Titicaca.

Pipelines

Ports and harbors

Pacific Ocean

Lake Titicaca

Amazon basin

Merchant marine


total: 7 ships (1,000 GRT GRT uses unsupported parameter (help) or over) totaling 65,193 GRT/100,584 t DWT DWT uses unsupported parameter (help)
ships by type: (1999 est.)

Airports and airlines

Airports

According to a 1999 estimate there are 234 airports in Peru. Jorge Chavez International Airport, in Lima is Peru's main national and international gateway, with an estimate of 98 percent of all international flights into Peru landing at this airport. Other important airports are located in Cusco, Arequipa, Iquitos and Piura.

Airports - with paved runways:
total: 44
over 3,047 m: 7
2,438 to 3,047 m: 17
1,524 to 2,437 m: 12
914 to 1,523 m: 7
under 914 m: 1 (1999 est.)

Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 190
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 26
914 to 1,523 m: 67
under 914 m: 94 (1999 est.)

Airlines

International airlines connecting Peru with North America, Europe and other Latin American countries include: Delta Air Lines, American Airlines, Continental Airlines, United Airlines, Air Canada, Iberia, Air France, KLM, LAN Airlines, TAM, Avianca, AeroMexico, and TACA.
Airlines in Peru with domestic service in Peru include LAN Peru, Star Peru, Peruvian Airlines, LC Busre, and TACA Peru. Charter and Cargo airlines include Aero Transporte S.A., and Cielos Airlines. Former Peruvian airlines include Aero Continente, AeroPerú and Faucett.

See also

References

  1. ^ Marshall, John (1989). The Guinness Railway Book. Enfield: Guinness. ISBN 0-85112-359-7.
  2. ^ "Huancavelica upgrade". Railway Gazette International. 2006-06-01. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  3. ^ Whetham, Robert D. (2008). Railways of Peru. Volume 2 – The Central and Southern Lines. Bristol: Trackside Publications. ISBN 978-1-900095-37-2.

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.

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