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Antonella Barba
Born
Antonella Maria Barba

(1986-11-26) November 26, 1986 (age 37)
Alma materCatholic University of America
OccupationSinger
Years active2007–present
Musical career
Instruments
  • Vocals
  • piano
  • violin
Websiteofficialantonella.com

Antonella Maria Barba (born November 26, 1986) is an American singer. Born in Santa Monica, California and raised in Point Pleasant, New Jersey, Barba rose to prominence while competing on the sixth season of American Idol. She attracted media scrutiny after semi-nude photos of her were leaked online. The show received criticism for allowing Barba to compete when producers had disqualified season two contestant Frenchie Davis for similar circumstances.

Eliminated after advancing to the top 16, Barba returned to Catholic University of America to complete a Bachelor of Science degree in architecture. She then worked as a spokesperson for the non-partisan organization ElectionMall before further pursuing a music career. She released original music and covers through her YouTube and SoundCloud accounts. Between 2011 and 2012, she was a singer the Los Angeles rock band LA-eX, which included two Crazy Town members. She also contributed to a cover of John Lennon's "Imagine" (1971) for a 2014 UNICEF campaign, and appeared in a 2018 segment of Jimmy Kimmel Live!. Outside of her music career, she has acted in several short films, competed on Fear Factor, and played a minor role in the 2017 film All About the Money.

In December 2010, she was charged with two misdemeanors for shoplifting, in which she served community service. She was arrested in October 2018 in Norfolk, Virginia, on a felony charge of distributing more than 100 grams of heroin. She was released later that month, and had denied the charge by saying she was unaware the drug was in her rented car.

Life and career

1986-2007: Early life and American Idol

Antonella Maria Barba was born on November 26, 1986, in Santa Monica, California,[1][2][3] to Vincenzo and Valerie Barba.[4] At the age of six, she moved with her parents to Point Pleasant, New Jersey.[2] Barba started to play the violin at the age of four,[2] and would later learn the piano as well.[5] She taught violin lessons to children in her neighborhood.[5] She said that people in her middle school and high school had referred to her as the "violin girl" due to her performances in talent shows.[2] While attending Red Bank Catholic High School,[6] Barba participated in choir, and received the attention of her teacher after singing Celine Dion's "My Heart Will Go On" (1997).[2] She went to Catholic University of America to study architecture; while attending the university, she would often sing with a friend from the musical theatre department.[7]

At the age of 19, Barba tried out for the sixth season of American Idol with a high school friend in New York City.[7][8] For her audition, she performed Deniece Williams' 1976 single "Free".[8] In later portions of the show, she went to sing Aerosmith's "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing" (1998),[9] Celine Dion's "Because You Loved Me" (1996),[10] and Corinne Bailey Rae's "Put Your Records On" (2006).[11] Her performances received a negative response from the show's judges,[9][12] as well as television critics.[11][13][14] She did receive some positive to mixed reviews.[12][15] Even though Rob Sheffield of the Rolling Stone considered Barba tone-deaf, he found her to be one of the more memorable contestants on the season.[15] AllMusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine said that Barba had "a plain, pleasant voice".[12] Barba's fans referred to themselves as "Fantonellas".[13] She was eliminated from the show after making it to the top 16;[16] Sheffield questioned if the elimination had been rigged, with her votes switched with that of fellow contestant Haley Scarnato.[15]

American Idol Season 6 performances and results:
Week # Song Choice Original Artist Result
Audition "Free" Deniece Williams Advanced
Top 24 (12 Women) "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing" Aerosmith Advanced
Top 20 (10 Women) "Because You Loved Me" Celine Dion Advanced
Top 16 (8 Women) "Put Your Records On" Corinne Bailey Rae Eliminated

While participating on the show, Barba came under media scrutiny when an anonymous source leaked semi-nude photos of her online.[9][16] Images include Barba posing in a wet t-shirt in the National World War II Memorial and topless on a beach.[17] She believed the photos had been stolen from her personal computer,[18] and explained that they were "very personal and that is not how I intended to portray myself nor do I intend to portray myself that way in the future".[16] Barba had already informed producers about the images prior to the leak; she said that they tried to protect her from the backlash.[18] Media outlets speculated that Barba was also featured in pornographic images,[4][9] though this was later proven false.[4] One of Barba's friends said that she had taken the photos to create a calendar for her boyfriend.[19]

Following the leak, Barba's situation was compared to that of season two contestant Frenchie Davis, who had been disqualified due to topless photos.[4][9][12] Viewers criticized that Barba was allowed to continue on American Idol, even though Davis had been removed.[14] Rosie O'Donnell believed that this difference in response stemmed from racism and weightism,[14][20] and civil-rights activist Najee Ali also felt there was a racial bias.[21] Ali and Davis' manager held a protest at the American Idol filming site, Dolby Theatre, during the third week of the semi-finals.[12][21] Davis said that she did not want Barba removed from the show, but advocated for the rules be applied to all the contestants equally;[20] she also wanted the series to issue her a public apology.[21] Producers explained that the two had been treated differently because Davis had been paid for her photos unlike Barba.[22]

Judges Simon Cowell and Randy Jackson defended Barba and felt the photos should not result in a disqualification, and host Ryan Seacrest criticized the source as immoral. Hugh Hefner dismissed the criticism for Barba based on the photos as "hypocritical and dumb".[23] Following the leak, "Antonella Barba" was the most popular search term for the week of March 3, 2007. According to Time, men between the ages of 18 of 34 was the highest demographic looking at the website hosting the images, which conflicted with American Idol's older, female audience.[13] Vote for the Worst creator Dave Della Terza referred to the incident as a "wake-up call" for young people to think about what they photograph and upload to social media.[4] The website ran a grassroots campaign to keep Barba on the series.[13]

2007–2011: Music career and other activities

Following her American Idol elimination, Barba received various modeling offers, which she described as a "hectic" time.[6] In March 2007, Girls Gone Wild creator Joe Francis offered Barba $250,000 to be a host a video.[5][24] The same month, she was approached by adult video distributor SugarDVD to become a spokesperson for $500,000.[25] Barba denied reports that she had been offered to pose nude for Playboy, though she said that would refuse it.[19] She also turned down an offer for a VH1 reality television program, a move that she regretted as "pretty stupid".[26] She returned to Catholic University of America, where graduated in 2008 with a Bachelor of Science degree.[6][5] While attending the school, she took voice lessons to meet the liberal arts requirement.[26] Remaining in Washington, D.C., she worked as an intern and later a spokesperson for the non-partisan organization ElectionMall. As part of the position, she encouraged young people to vote and run for political positions.[6] She helped to recruit young voters for the 2008 United States presidential election at a Republican Party event in San Francisco, California.[26]

In 2009, Barba started work on a debut studio album, which she said would have a pop and R&B sound.[27] During an interview, she said that was going to collaborate with Focus... in Atlanta, Georgia.[28] During her trip to San Francisco, Barba had been approached by Focus...'s brother, and Focus... sent her beats as inspiration to write lyrics. He described the music as having a "hard pop edge", and said that he "want[ed] her to really sing".[26] An Entertainment Weekly contributor wrote that she would have "an uphill battle when it comes to capturing the industry’s attention", though Barba said she was still recognized for her American Idol appearances.[27] On December 1, 2009, she released "The Christmas Song" through the record label Arkatone Music Group Ltd.[29] In December 2010, Barba was charged with two misdemeanors for shoplifting a pair of gloves from a Manhattan Urban Outfitters; she was required to complete a day of community service.[16]

Starting in 2010, Barba began recording and releasing original music and covers through her YouTube account.[30][31] On May 11, 2010, the single "Jersey Girl" was made available through the record label Seven Trumpets.[32] It was promoted with a music video, uploaded on Barba's YouTube channel on February 8, 2011.[33] She sang "Jersey Girl" on Good Day New York, with the performance included on her YouTube account on April 29, 2011.[34] The follow-up song "Out for Blood" was made available on October 29, 2010,[35] with a music video released on April 8, 2011.[36] A nine-episode web series on the video's development was also uploaded on YouTube.[37][38]

2011–2017: LA-eX and other music ventures

In 2011, Barba became a singer for the Los Angeles rock band LA-eX,[39] which included included Crazy Town members Epic Mazur and Kraig Tyler.[40] Mazur and Tyler were the DJ and the guitarist, respectively. Barba said the group's name had multiple meanings, including a reference to how all three members were not native to Los Angeles.[40] They classified their music as electro hip hop and disco.[41] Between 2011 and 2012, the group released the original songs "We Give No Fuks",[42] "Lipstick",[43] "Make You Pop",[44] and "So High".[45] In 2012, they did a cover of Katy Perry's "Wide Awake" (2012),[46] and a dubstep version of Kanye West's "Mercy" (2012).[47][48] Ryan Seacrest praised their cover of "Mercy", highlighting Barba's rapping and her addition of a "raw female power to the song".[49] During a December 2011 interview, Barba announced that an extended play release was being prepared and live performances planned.[40] Seacrest said their EP, So High, was expected for a July 2012 release.[49]

She competed in a 2012 episode Fear Factor,[17] with the co-owner of her singing telegram business.[50] In August 23, 2014, Barba performed Frank Ocean's "Thinkin Bout You" (2012) at University of California, Los Angeles for the LEAP Foundation by the request of Dr. Bill Dorfman.[51] In November of the same year, Barba participated in a sing-along cover of John Lennon's "Imagine" (1971) as part of a UNICEF campaign.[52] She was one of several artists who sang a line from the song,[52] and appeared in the music video used to promote the project.[53] In 2014, Barba had also played the violin for Timothy Bloom as part of his self-titled studio album.[54] The following year, Barba's SoundCloud account included the original songs: "Do To Me", "Cocaine HeartBreak", "Girl For A Day", and "Would You Still Love Me?".[55] Bridget Kelly had recorded "Cocaine HeartBreak" for her EP Cut to... Bridget Kelly (2013) under the title "Coca1n3 Heartbreak"; Barba was credited as a co-writer for the song.[56] Barba self-released the song "Santa" on December 7, 2015,[57] with a music video uploaded to her YouTube account on December 19, 2016.[58] Along with pursuing a music career, Barba appeared in various short films, and had a small part in the 2017 film All About the Money.[59]

2018–present: Continued work and arrest

In February 2018, Barba posted on her Twitter account that she was producing an R. Kelly song; the tweet included an image of her playing the violin while accompanied by a keyboardist and a bass violin player.[60] On May 21, 2018, Barba appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live! as part of a "Where are They Now" segment with other past American Idol contestants. For the bit, each person sang about their current occupation in a song, which was compared to "We Are the World" (1985).[50][61] As of 2018, she has performed "The Star-Spangled Banner" for the Los Angeles Dodgers for five consecutive years.[16]

On October 11, 2018, Barba was arrested in Norfolk, Virginia on a felony charge of distributing more than 100 grams of heroin.[17] At the time, she was traveling in a rented car, and was in Norfolk during a layover on a flight to Miami, Florida to attend a recording session.[16][62] She faced the possibility of being sentenced to prison for between five to 40 years.[17] Barba denied the charges through statements from her criminal defense lawyer. Her attorney said that she had been unaware the drug was in the vehicle.[63] He noted that Barba had been "very cooperative with police" at the time of the arrest, including providing her full identification.[63] She was held without bond at the Norfolk City Jail until her court appearance on October 15.[17] Barba was released on October 27, 2018, with a preliminary hearing held on December 18. She was ordered to live with her parents in Point Pleasant, be monitored via a GPS, and obey a curfew.[63] Barba was living in Los Angeles.[64] As of 2018, she has not released an album,[16] and her official website is still under construction.[63]

Discography

Songs

Title Year
"The Christmas Song"[29] 2009
"Jersey Girl"[32] 2010
"Out for Blood"[35]
"Do To Me"[55] 2015
"Cocaine HeartBreak"[55]
"Girl For A Day"[55]
"Would You Still Love Me?"[55]
"Santa"[57]

Filmography

Year Show Role Notes
2007 American Idol[9] Herself (semi-finalist) Season 6
2008 Fear Factor[50] Herself (contestant) Episode: "Roach Coach"
2017 All About the Money[59] Jessica[65] Film
2018 Jimmy Kimmel Live![61] Herself

References

Citations

  1. ^ "Former American Idol contestant arrested in Norfolk on drug charges". WTKR. October 14, 2018. Archived from the original on November 3, 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e Pollak, Jason (April 5, 2012). "Antonella Barba- From American Idol to American Icon". Tumblr. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  3. ^ "Antonella Barba". Zimbio. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d e Parry, Wayne (February 27, 2007). "Friend: Racy Pix Not 'Idol' Contestant". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 23, 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ a b c d "Biography". TV Guide. Archived from the original on April 9, 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ a b c d "Antonella from American Idol". The Young Turks. August 27, 2008. Archived from the original on January 12, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ a b "CU students 'Idol'-ize singer". The Washington Times. February 20, 2007. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
  8. ^ a b Director: Gowers, Bruce (January 24, 2007). American Idol. Season 6. Fox Broadcasting Company.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Stack, Tim (March 7, 2007). "Idol producer addresses Barba photos controversy". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on May 16, 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ "Ex-'American Idol' contestant Antonella Barba arrested". Edmonton Sun. October 13, 2018. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
  11. ^ a b Slezak, Michael (March 8, 2007). "'American Idol': The women show how it's done". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on September 23, 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ a b c d e Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Artist Biography by Stephen Thomas Erlewine". AllMusic. Archived from the original on July 5, 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ a b c d Tancer, Bill (March 7, 2007). "The Antonella Effect". Time. Archived from the original on July 9, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ a b c Ward, Kate (February 2, 2010). "'Idol': 27 Biggest Scandals!". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ a b c Sheffield, Rob (March 23, 2007). "Pop Life: Like a Bon Jovi Ballad, Antonella Barba Is Living on a Prayer". Rolling Stone. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g Laviola, Erin (November 19, 2018). "Antonella Barba Arrested: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know". Heavy.com. Archived from the original on November 3, 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  17. ^ a b c d e Henderson, Cydney (October 14, 2018). "'American Idol' Season 6 contestant Antonella Barba arrested, charged with dealing heroin". USA Today. Archived from the original on October 21, 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  18. ^ a b "Access Interview: Antonella Barba speaks out". Access. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  19. ^ a b Gorman, Steve (March 9, 2007). "'Idol' contestant says racy photos were 'personal'". Reuters. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  20. ^ a b Vineyard, Jennifer (March 8, 2007). "Frenchie Davis Wonders Why 'Idol' Gave Her The Boot, Spared Antonella Barba". MTV News. Archived from the original on April 16, 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  21. ^ a b c Elber, Lynn (March 6, 2007). "'American Idol' Flap: Barba Vs. Frenchie". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  22. ^ Deller (2012): p. 189
  23. ^ Keck, William (February 28, 2007). "'Idol' chatter dominates Playboy bash". USA Today. Retrieved January 7, 2018.
  24. ^ seth (March 7, 2007). "Joe Francis Offers To Help Antonella Barba Transition From Top Of Toilet To Front Of 'Girls Gone Wild' DVD". Gawker. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  25. ^ "Antonella Barba: The XXX Bidding War". TMZ. March 8, 2007. Archived from the original on October 6, 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  26. ^ a b c d Kaufman, Gil (March 4, 2008). "'American Idol' Castoff Antonella Barba Working With Dr. Dre Producer". MTV News. Archived from the original on July 8, 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  27. ^ a b "'American Idol': Where Are They Now?". Entertainment Weekly. October 14, 2009. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
  28. ^ "Antonella Barba Interview at Mikalah Gordon 21st Birthday Party". MaximoTV. January 19, 2009. Archived from the original on January 21, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  29. ^ a b "The Christmas Song". iTunes Store. December 1, 2009. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  30. ^ "Description". YouTube. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
  31. ^ "Antonella Barba". YouTube. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  32. ^ a b "Jersey Girl - Single". iTunes Store. May 11, 2010. Retrieved January 8, 2019. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  33. ^ "Antonella Barba- 'Jersey Girl' Official Video". YouTube. February 8, 2011. Archived from the original on November 11, 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  34. ^ "Antonella Barba "Jersey Girl" on Good Day New York". YouTube. April 29, 2011. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  35. ^ a b "Antonella Barba- Out For Blood". YouTube. October 29, 2010. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  36. ^ "Antonella Barba - Out For Blood". YouTube. April 8, 2011. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  37. ^ "The Making of Antonella Barba's Out For Blood: Episode 1". YouTube. April 11, 2011. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  38. ^ "The Making of Antonella Barba's Out For Blood: Episode 9". YouTube. May 9, 2011. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  39. ^ Halperin, Shirley (May 19, 2011). "You Made It To Hollywood, Now What?". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on November 8, 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  40. ^ a b c "Antonella Barba chats with the paparazzi at Hyde Lounge". YouTube. December 29, 2011. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  41. ^ "Description". YouTube. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  42. ^ "LA-EX - We Give No Fuks (@LAEXmusic) lyrics on screen". YouTube. May 16, 2011. Archived from the original on May 25, 2011. Retrieved January 8, 2019. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  43. ^ "LA-eX - Lipstick (@LAEXmusic)". YouTube. July 18, 2011. Retrieved January 10, 2019.
  44. ^ "LA-eX - Make You Pop (lyrics on screen)". YouTube. August 8, 2011. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  45. ^ "LA-EX - So High (@LAEXmusic)". YouTube. June 5, 2012. Archived from the original on June 5, 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  46. ^ "Katy Perry - Wide Awake (@LAEXmusic version)". June 15, 2012. Archived from the original on June 16, 2012 – via YouTube. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  47. ^ "Kanye West - Mercy (@LAEXmusic Dubstep Version)". YouTube. June 26, 2012. Archived from the original on June 27, 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  48. ^ "Kanye West - Mercy (@LAEXmusic Dubstep version)". YouTube. June 27, 2012. Archived from the original on November 2, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  49. ^ a b Peters, Susan (July 1, 2012). "Antonella Barba of LA-EX Covers Kanye West's 'Mercy'". RyanSeacrest.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  50. ^ a b c Larocca, Courteney (October 13, 2018). "'American Idol' Contestant Antonella Barba Arrested For Allegedly Trying To Distribute Heroin". Hollywood Life. Archived from the original on October 14, 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  51. ^ "Antonella Barba - Thinkin Bout You (Frank Ocean) - UCLA Live Performance for LEAP Foundation". August 23, 2014. Retrieved January 7, 2019 – via YouTube. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  52. ^ a b Sherwell, Philip (November 21, 2014). "United Nations sways to the beat of Imagine as global sing-along project unveiled". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on May 4, 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  53. ^ "A Better World for Children". November 25, 2014. Archived from the original on October 18, 2016 – via YouTube. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  54. ^ "Credits". AllMusic. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  55. ^ a b c d e "Antonella Barba". SoundCloud. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  56. ^ "...Cut To Bridget Kelly". AllMusic. Archived from the original on June 17, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  57. ^ a b "Santa - Single". iTunes Store. December 7, 2015. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  58. ^ "Antonella Barba - "Santa"". December 19, 2016. Retrieved January 7, 2019 – via YouTube. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  59. ^ a b Drysdale, Jennifer (October 13, 2018). "'American Idol' Alum Antonella Barba Arrested". MSN. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  60. ^ @AntonellaBarba (February 21, 2018). "Producing an R Kelly record with these talented musicians 🎻🎼🎹 #studiolife #violinist #RKelly #musicproducer #musicsession" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  61. ^ a b Shanley, Patrick (May 21, 2018). "Jimmy Kimmel Hosts 'American Idol' Reunion for Past Stars". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on May 22, 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  62. ^ Serrano, Ken (October 16, 2018). "Antonella Barba, Point Pleasant American Idol star, denies dealing heroin". Asbury Park Press. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  63. ^ a b c d Davis, Tom (October 30, 2018). "'American Idol' Star From Point Pleasant Out Of Jail, Goes Home". Patch Media. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
  64. ^ Harris, Chris (October 15, 2018). "American Idol Season 6 Standout Antonella Barba Arrested for Allegedly Distributing Heroin". People. Archived from the original on November 3, 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  65. ^ Freeman, Blake (Director) (June 2, 2017). All About the Money (Motion picture). U.S.: Wunderkind Pictures & Planet Rocks.

Book sources

  • Deller, Ruth A. (2012). "Gender Performance in American Idol, Pop Idol, and The X Factor". In Zwaan, Koos; de Bruin, Joost (eds.). Adapting Idols: Authenticity, Identity and Performance in a Global Television Format. Surrey: Ashgate Publishing. pp. 181–194. ISBN 978-1-4094-4169-4.