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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Liltender (talk | contribs) at 15:03, 21 April 2020 (→‎There were no democratic referendums in the disputed areas.: new section). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Number of Hungarians that moved back to Hungary - clarification needed

About this edit [1], I have reverted it because I have read this Hungarian-Slovak population exchanges where it stated in second paragraph The Czechoslovak government planned the removal of 25,0000[17][29] Hungarian people from South Slovakia to Hungary,[17] but 44,129[17]-45,475[30] – generally well-to-do businessmen, tradesmen, farmers and intellectuals[25] - which contains 2 references that the number is between 44,129-45,475 and not 100 000+. Since there are 2 references that say one thing and 1 recently added that says another, I added clarification needed tag at that claim until it is clarified. Adrian (talk) 10:01, 28 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]

It says 250,000 (not 25,0000). We should demonstrate other sources as well (especially from demographers as Kocsis's book). Fakirbakir (talk) 10:17, 28 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
Yes, it says that the Czechoslovak government planed the exchange of 250 000 Hungarians, but according to this 44,129-45,475 is what it really exchanged. It is according to this source 1, page 29. Also the source you presented states that 120 000 of Hungarians fled or were deported. Is it reliable to say that all 120 000 were moved by force? Which is the real number that simply moved ? Adrian (talk) 10:38, 28 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
The Slovak number is totally unsourced thus we should remove it as well. I have refined the sentence according to the source.Fakirbakir (talk) 10:49, 28 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
This change is really confusing, this source states that 44,129-45,475 were moved from south Slovakia, not Czech republic. Currenlt this is the wrong representation of sources in the article. Adrian (talk) 11:00, 28 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
I don`t know, I believe that the best solution is to add these sources and simply say many Hungarians(as it was until Szeget`s change) at this article and at the Hungarian-Slovak population exchanges leave it as per your last change. There is a clear difference between sources to leave it as per your last change (100 000+) and totally disregard the second source. Adrian (talk) 10:57, 28 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
I inserted other estimations, however I left the numbers because the previous sentences operated with numbers.Fakirbakir (talk) 11:11, 28 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
Ok. Adrian (talk) 11:16, 28 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]

World War II

In the introduction and in the main text are sections about border changes before/during/after World War II. Surely this is not relevant to this article. Suggest replacing with a simple remark to the effect that the current borders match those of the Treaty except for the loss of the 3 villages to Czechoslovakia in 1947. Nigej 16:44, 28 September 2011 (UTC)

Hungary became an entirely "new state" after the Word War I?

Kingdom of Hungary was reestablished on 01/03/1920. This "new" Kingdom of Hungary accepted the Treaty of Trianon. Prior to Trianon, Soviet Hungary or the First Hungarian Republic or the "new" Kingdom of Hungary possessed the rights in connection with the territory of the "old" Kingdom of Hungary 'officially' (until 04/06/1920), however in the reality they could not validate those. Hungary was not a new state. It became entirely independent, but it was not new, the "old" Kingdom of Hungary was the predecessor. (more accurately Soviet Hungary for the 'new' Kingdom of Hungary)Fakirbakir (talk) 20:14, 18 October 2011 (UTC)[reply]

Recent edits

I reverted edits of user:HangingCurve because of clear POV nature of such edits. Claim that "The Allies not only assumed without question that the minority peoples of the pre-war Kingdom of Hungary wished to leave" is absolutely POV and unacceptable. Where is evidence that these peoples "did not wished to leave pre-war Kingdom of Hungary"? Also, claim that Hungary "lost almost three-fourths of their country's territory" is not accurate: firstly, that territory was mainly inhabited by Indo-European peoples whom saw separation from Hungary as their liberation. Second, pre-war Kingdom of Hungary is legally not same country as post-war Hungary. Pre-war kingdom was not independent country, but part of the Habsburg Monarchy. The treaty does not contain a single word that says that something was "taken" from Hungary. On the contrary, Treaty clearly claims that Romania, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia are successor states of pre-war Kingdom of Hungary, together with post-war Hungary and it defining borders of post-war Hungary as borders of an new independent country. PANONIAN 23:21, 26 January 2012 (UTC)[reply]

Agree. Indeed the whole article tends to read like Hungarian nationalist propoganda, which is perhaps not surprising, but somewhat disappointing. Nigej 08:41, 27 January 2012 (UTC)

You agree? That must prove it to be 'true' then. Just goes to show that if something, no matter how inaccurate or incorrect, is stated often enough, it will eventually be accepted as fact. Read into that what you will. 203.161.145.42 (talk) 09:03, 2 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]

Recent edit war on talk page

Please note that this is an article about The Treaty of Trianon. Nothing else. Nigej 11:04, 4 June 2012 (UTC)

But some people write comments about Aryan theories (scientifically (genetically and historically) obsolete linguistic-based belief-system from 17-18th century. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.2.153.160 (talk) 11:14, 4 June 2012 (UTC)[reply]


The existence of ethnic/minority rights were unique in pre-WW1 Europe

The article did not mention that minority rights and laws were existed only in Austria and Hungary in pre-WW1 Europe! The first minority rights were invented firstly in Hungary in Europe in July 1849! But these were overturned after the Russian and Austrian armies crushed the Hungarian Revolution. When Hungary made a compromise with the dynasty in 1867 one of the first acts of the restored Parliament was to pass a Law on Nationalities (Act Number XLIV of 1868).


The situation of minorities in Hungary were much more better than in contemporary Western Europe. Other highly multinational countries were: France Russia and UK.


See the multi-national UK:

The situation of Scottish Irish Welsh people in "Britain" during the English hegemony is well known. They utmost forgot their original language, only english language cultural educational institutions existed. The only language was English in judiciary procedures and in offices and public administrations. It was not a real "United" Kingdom, it was rather a greater England.


See the multiethnic France:

In 1870, France was a similar-degree multi-ethnic state as Hungary, only 50% of the population of France spoke the French language as mothertongue. The other half of the population spoke Occitan, Catalan, Corsican, Alsatian, West Flemish, Lorraine Franconian, Gallo, Picard or Ch’timi and Arpitan etc... Many minority languages were closer to spanish or Italian language than French) French governments banned minority language schools , minority language newspapers minority theaters. They banned the usage of minority languages in offices , public adimistration, and judiciary procedures. The ratio of french mothertongue increased from 50% to 91% during the 1870-1910 period!!!


What about Russia?

Russian Empire was a similar multiethnic state as Hungary, without the existence of minority rights. The forced russification is also well known. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 188.36.77.20 (talk) 09:46, 28 August 2012 (UTC)[reply]

If you haven't noticed the article is about The Treaty of Trianon, not the status of minorities in late 19th century Europe. Nigej 09:53, 28 August 2012 (UTC)
The article may not per se be about the status of European minorities in the nineteenth century, but these points (if established to be true) provide an apposite background for dispelling the myth of ‘magyarisation’ as mentioned in Criticism of the 1910 census. As ‘magyarisation’ was one of the main arguments the proponents of the Treaty used to support their case, these points by extension highlight the flimsy nature of this argument and the dire lack of any moral or legal validity of the Treaty. In this context the points are appropriate as they help to establish the fact the Treaty was a grab-bag of claims that was simply a case of victorious governments (and their allies) using their advantageous positions to unfairly claim the territory of a defeated and weakened nation. Let’s call Trianon what it was and not try to have it masquerade as some sort of fair and valid decree. If it is accepted that this is not a POV it therefore becomes suitable to include in an article such as this.Hunor-Koppany (talk) 06:44, 2 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]
Your reply simply shows the problem with opening up such topics. We get into the same argument again and again, getting nowhere, convincing no-one. Each side stressing their side of the argument. All completely pointless. We could equally have a section on how a small Hungarian elite maintained power in Hungary (eg. lack of Secret ballot) and the resentment that caused). BUT I don't want to start that discussion either. My point is simply that if we include these somewhat peripheral topics here, we'll never get anywhere with this article. It's already a rag-bag of attempts by extremists on both side to push their POV. My mark for the article is 1 (fail). Nigej 09:07, 2 October 2012 (UTC)


@Nigej See the article about the British election system before WW1! There were no secret ballots in Britain before WW1, and there were universal suffrage after the WW1. And learn about balkan countries: Serbia Romania etc.... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.182.3.81 (talk) 17:02, 3 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]

I'm not sure what your point is but I would no more claim that 19th century UK enjoyed a democratic Golden age than I would claim such for Greater Hungary. MY point simply relates to a Wikipedia article. Taking the UK theme: take a look at the Anglo-Irish Treaty article under which the UK "lost" the Irish Free State (now called the Republic of Ireland) in 1922. The article is quite formal with only a small amount of space given to pre and post-partition issues. The Troubles are in a separate article. I am simply suggesting a similar approach here. (By the way secret ballots were actually made compulsory in the UK in 1872. Universal MALE suffrage (age 21) arrived in the UK in 1918 (excluding Lords, lunatics, prisoners and conscientious objectors) and for all women in 1928.) Nigej 18:42, 3 October 2012 (UTC)

Again, I must repeat: learn the details of the history of British election system, there weren't general suffrage and secret ballots in Britain before WW1. The system of universal suffrage did not exist in the United Kingdom until 1928 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#History

I'm confused now. The page you quote quite clearly says "The Ballot Act 1872 replaced open elections with secret ballot system." (poor English, by the way) WW1 was 1914-1918, so secret ballots came in 42 years before WW1. I think you'll also find that I said 1928 too. Nigej 09:15, 4 October 2012 (UTC)

Austria-Hungary did not exist after WW1, therefore your examples in post WW1 Europe are not accurate. Your Irish example is not accurate too.

My example was simply an example of a Wikipedia article about a treaty at about the same time. Nothing more than that. No others parallels were intended. Nigej

The people's self determination idea of president Wilson did not happend in Kingdom of Hungary, because: The successor states protested against the helding of democratic referendums (universal suffrge secret ballots) about the disputed areas and borders. (perhabs the leader elite of the successor states did not trust in their own ethnic groups???)

There was only 1 democratic plebiscite about the borders (with general suffrage and secret ballots) in city of Sopron and its sorriunding 8 villages in North - Western Hungary in 1921. (Where every polling stations were under the controll and leadership of Entente army-officers) The treaty did not based on the people' will, therefore the Treaty hadn't legitimacy behind it. The decision-making of Paris treaties were remindful of early-modern era primitive Peace of Westphalia, rather than a modern 20th century democratic decision.

This whole discussion rather proves my point. Nigej 09:15, 4 October 2012 (UTC)

No Nigej, read it again and again if it is necessary. This whole discussion rather proves my point. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.182.3.81 (talk) 12:18, 4 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]

Consequences

I removed the following unsourced fragment: Although the territories of the former Kingdom of Hungary that were assigned by the treaty to neighbouring states in total (and each of them separately) had a majority of non-Hungarian population, they also included some areas with Hungarian majority (including areas with over 80–90% Hungarians) as well as some areas with sizable Hungarian minorities, numbering 3,318,000 in total.

It had no source since July 2012. After a later google search, I realized that it is a verbatim quote from "The Babylonian Code - Vol. One: The Unholy Scriptures" by Saladin F . There are 2 problems:

It is quite a important statement. I am pretty sure we can find other sources.Fakirbakir (talk) 10:21, 4 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]
The same idea is affirmed in an already existing affirmation of the article: "Areas with significant Hungarian populations included the Székely Land (Kulish, Nicholas (2008-04-07). "Kosovo's Actions Hearten a Hungarian Enclave". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-04-08.) in Eastern Transylvania, the area along the newly defined Romanian-Hungarian border (cities of Arad, Oradea), the area north of the newly defined Czechoslovakian-Hungarian border (Komárno, Csallóköz), southern parts of Subcarpathia and northern parts of Vojvodina". And the demographic data are already presented atTreaty_of_Trianon#Distribution_of_the_non-Hungarian_and_Hungarian_populations. However I made a little change to the lead. Raysdiet (talk) 11:14, 4 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Harghita, Covasna and Săcueni counties

What does this exactly refer to? There were no counties with these names in interwar Romania http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Judete_1919-25.png Raysdiet (talk) 12:23, 4 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]

It is my fault. The source does not mention counties, it mentions only "districts". [2] (p 299) I mistranslated it. Fakirbakir (talk) 12:27, 4 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]
I agree that you respect the source now, but it is still strange. Apparently there aren't such administriative units (not even units ranking below counties (Plăşi) - see the detailed map http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Romania_1930_counties.500px.svg) Raysdiet (talk) 12:35, 4 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]
I have found "Covasna" and "Sacueni" districts however "Hargita" is still problem. There was no Hargita district according to the map. Fakirbakir (talk) 12:57, 4 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]
I can see Săcueni is just a town in Bihor county while Covasna (Kovászna) is a post-1968 county roughly corresponding to the interwar Trei Scaune county and the Hungarian Háromszék County. Harghita County is also a modern Romanian county, corresponding to the interwar Ciuc and Odorhei counties, respectively to the old Hungarian counties Csík and Udvarhely Raysdiet (talk) 13:56, 4 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Map replacement

I replaced Map 1 with Map 2 because Map 2 is a derivative work of Map 1, where there are added red Hungarian-populated areas. There is no reason to include them, as long as we already have in teh article ethnic maps (e. g. File:Ethnographic map of hungary 1910 by teleki carte rouge.jpg), which include all the ethnicities, not only the Hungarians. It is a little POV I think to present only the Hungarian-populated areas 82.79.215.211 (talk) 11:22, 5 December 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Msp 1
Map 2

an interesting map

I have found a contemporary map (1915) about the early plans for the disintegration of Austria-Hungary. [3] I am not sure if it is a public domain. Fakirbakir (talk) 22:21, 5 December 2013 (UTC)[reply]

An interesting map indeed. But it would be useful to know who is the author of the map. In 1916 Romania claimed more territory than it is represented there . See Treaty of Bucharest (1916). 82.79.213.39 (talk) 07:59, 6 December 2013 (UTC)[reply]
The author is George F. Morrell. Fakirbakir (talk) 09:15, 6 December 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Photo from the Versailles

A long-bearded-man in the middle is Nikola Pašić, not Apponyi. Alexzr88 (talk) 13:34, 5 March 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Maybe, but if you click on the photo you can see that the photo is referenced in a number of places (including non-English wikipedias). As such it makes no sense to change one link. Best to find the correct answer and change all at the same time. See both had long beards. Nigej (talk) 14:17, 5 March 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Trianon Memorials

How many Trianon memorials should the article contain? There are already 3 such pictures and the one added by Rovibroni would be the 4th. I also ask the neutral editor User:AndyTheGrump to comment. 82.79.214.83 (talk) 00:07, 14 March 2014 (UTC)[reply]

I'm not sure I could be described as 'neutral' - I've already made clear that I agree that the image added by Rovibroni seems out of place, and adds nothing to the article to actually help the reader to understand the topic. AndyTheGrump (talk) 00:15, 14 March 2014 (UTC)[reply]
By "neutral" I mean not emotionally involved; you are neither Hungarian nor from the states that benefited from the treaty (Slovakia, Serbia, Romania, Ukraine) 79.117.176.221 (talk) 06:41, 14 March 2014 (UTC)[reply]
Yes. Too much already about Hungarian resentment of the Treaty. The new photo adds nothing. Personally I'd be happy to remove some of the others. The article should be primarily about the Treaty itself. Sadly it is very lacking in this area. For instance, the above comment about "Photo from the Versailles" highlights the fact that the article doesn't actually mention Pašić or Apponyi (except in the photo description). Nigej (talk) 08:22, 14 March 2014 (UTC)[reply]
+1. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.91.5.50 (talk) 18:02, 14 December 2016 (UTC)[reply]

File:1dec1918.jpg nominated for deletion

See Wikipedia:Possibly_unfree_files/2014_June_20 Avpop (talk) 08:21, 20 June 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Signatories

It feels out of place to put Romania, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia in the "Others" category, since they were the main beneficiaries and largely shaped the borders of the treaty trough both military and political actions, way before it was signed. I mean don't tell me that Japan had more to do with this than Romania, are you insane? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.116.34.218 (talk) 09:16, 16 January 2016 (UTC)[reply]

Introduction is just a complaint on the perceived unfairness of the treaty

The whole introduction tells how much Hungary "lost" because of the treaty. It is therefore not a summary of the treaty, but a summary of complaints about it, I gather mostly from the Hungarian side. Not neutral at all.

I propose we use this section of the talk page to come up with a decent introduction, that summarizes the actual Contents of the treaty. Syats (talk) 13:35, 14 December 2016 (UTC)[reply]

You are 100% correct and I welcome your suggestion. Hopefully others will do likewise and we can end up with something understandable to the average reader. We must always remember that, of the world population, there are 500 non-Hungarians for every Hungarian, and so we need to write the article in such a way that non-Hungarians can understand it, having perhaps little knowledge of post-Trianon politics. Basic issues that need sorting out are things like the pre-WWI and post-Trianon areas and populations, including whether we should include Croatia-Slavonia in the pre-WWI numbers or just "Hungary proper". We could move the "complaints" to a separate article. Nigej (talk) 16:09, 14 December 2016 (UTC)[reply]
I don't know if all the areas thing needs to be included at all in the introduction, specially not in such a big detail. I would suggest including the following points:
  • One of the treaties signed after WWI
  • Defined the borders of Hungary and the other states that were created from the Austrohungarian empire: Austria, Romania, Czechoslovakia, and the Kingdom of Croats Serbs and Slovenes.
  • Made Hungary recognize the above states and renounce any territorial claims in them.
  • Set limits to the military capabilities of Hungary
  • Set terms of reparations to be paid by Hungary to the victors
  • Signatories, including the protest stance of the Hungarian representatives.
  • Criticisms: 33% of Hungarian were left outside of Hungary.
Furthemore, I would suggest omitting any reference to "beneficiaries".
The reason I think the areas thing should be omitted from the introduction is because it forces on the reader the assumption that pre- and post-war Hungaries are comparable. However, the kingdom of Hungary was not a the state belonging to a single nationality (people), and thus this comparison leads the reader to believe that the current Hungary is somehow entitled to territories inhabited by other nationalities. This clarification involves many concepts and points of view that are way too much for the introduciton. That being said, the changes in area and population are interesting facts from the Treaty, and should be included in the article, I think not just in the intro.
Syats (talk) 22:07, 28 December 2016 (UTC)[reply]


Areas

I think we can deal in 1,000s of square kilometers for the intro. Post-Trianon we have 93,000 which matches up with the current area of Hungary, but the current intro says that "the pre-war Kingdom of Hungary (the Hungarian half of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy)" had an area of 325,411 which doesn't match up with Kingdom of Hungary which has 282,870 for 1910 in the infobox. Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen infobox has 325,000 for 1890 (and 328.000 for 1918) while Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia infobox has 42,541 which with the 282,870 from Kingdom of Hungary gives 325,000. So we can immediately see that we have contradictions with pre-WWI "Kingdom of Hungary" having areas of either 325,000 or 283,000 depending on which page you read. Of course this is a matter of whether Croatia-Slavonia is included or not and what names are used for the 325,000 or 283,000 parts. Currently Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen has redirects from Transleithania (which makes sense to me) and Kingdom of Hungary (1867-1918) (which doesn't).

Perhaps we can use someone like this "The treaty regulated the status of an independent Hungarian state and defined its borders. The newly defined Hungary had an area of 93,000 square kilometers. Pre-war Transleithania (the Hungarian part of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy) had an area of 325,000 square kilometers, made of up of the Kingdom of Hungary, the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia and Fiume (modern Rijeka), so that Hungary had just 28% of the area of pre-war Transleithania, 33% of the area of the pre-war Kingdom of Hungary." Nigej (talk) 10:57, 15 December 2016 (UTC)[reply]

Using only 1910 census is violation of the neutral point of view

Using only 1910 census is violation of the neutral point of view, as it shows only Hungarian view. To be accurate, these statistics must be complemented with the statistics of the new countries, like the 1921 census in Czechoslovakia, to give objective picture and reduce bias. I added one sentence into the 1910 census discussion to give an example. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.105.246.114 (talk) 15:49, 17 October 2018 (UTC)[reply]

Congress of Oppressed Nations

What exactly is the "Congress of Oppressed Nations"? It is referred to in the article and with a wikilink. Being capitalized and without explanation implies that it is a title of a real thing that should be known as an official entity of some sort, but the link is red. There needs to be either a separate article defining this title or it should be defined in this one. A wiki search yielded no results, so maybe the title is misnamed? A google search elicits a mention in an article in the Encyclopedia Brittanica as "Congress of Oppressed Nationalities", but no separate article there either. I've found no other google similarities. A wiki search on that last title elicits the article League for Small and Subject Nationalities, an article insufficient to explain the usage of the contested title in the present article. LisztianEndeavors (talk) 19:35, 11 February 2020 (UTC)[reply]

See: https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44054188/the_times_dispatch/ so clearly it did exist under this name. There seems to have been a Congress of Oppressed Nationalities of Austria Hungary as well: https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44054377/the_times/ Nigej (talk) 20:11, 11 February 2020 (UTC)[reply]
This https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44058792/vancouver_daily_world/ refers to both - the Prague one being called here "a similar congress" to the Rome one. "The Czecho-Slovak race has had to suffer yet another act of criminal oppression at the hands of its Austrian and Magyar masters." Clearly strong feeling. Nigej (talk) 21:10, 11 February 2020 (UTC)[reply]
You should create a new article with that redlink (and another with the alternate title containing a redirect), and reference those newspaper articles in it. BTW, I assume the Canadian article meant the Bohemians had conquered Serbia not Siberia, yes? Siberia is a big place and would anybody ever desire to conquer it? LisztianEndeavors (talk) 21:50, 11 February 2020 (UTC)[reply]
Of course the Canadian article is just pure propaganda. However articles like this https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19233844/the_times/ do seem to show that the Rome congress did harden Wilson's attitude against the Austrians/Maygars, perhaps explaining the very poor outcome for the "Magyars" in the treaty, whatever the reality of the situation. Not sure I can create an article, it would need someone with much more knowledge than me. Nigej (talk) 22:18, 11 February 2020 (UTC)[reply]


Who were the real Opressed nations or people? Those who lived in such countries whose legal system did not even recognize minority rights. Just some example: Welsh, Irish, Scottish in Britain, the Occitan, Catalan, Corsican, Alsatian, West Flemish, Lorraine Franconian, Gallo, Picard or Ch’timi and Arpitan, who were in super majority before the mid 19th century in France. (forced francisation of Paris) OR we can countinue the list of non-white Biritsh and French colonies, where the people lived without any civil rights.--Liltender (talk) 19:26, 20 April 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I'm not sure that's relevant. The point is that they called themselves the "Congress of Oppressed Nations" or the "Congress of Oppressed Nationalities" or the "Congress of Oppressed Nationalities of Austria Hungary", so presumably regarded themselves as oppressed in some sense. And we've seem many times that giving people legal rights does not guarantee anything. Equal pay for women is a good example. Nigej (talk) 20:30, 20 April 2020 (UTC)[reply]

In nationalist/chauvinist sense they were "opressed". Many of them imagined own country and even own army etc... despite many of the minorities had not even spoke their new artificailly created 19th century mutually intelligible common language. (like slovaks)--Liltender (talk) 05:58, 21 April 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Repatriations

Did Hungary pay the repatriations specified under the treaty? Hugo999 (talk) 02:32, 17 April 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The treaty did not specify exactly, just theoretically, the League of Nations determined it later. Shipping of goods were continous, since 1923 the payments started but never finished because of the great depression, the changes of status quo thus the nullification of earlier treaties, and last but not least WWII. I.e. those dollar-bonds that have been issued in 1924 in order to be able to pay the reparations were finally redeemed in 2013.(KIENGIR (talk) 03:47, 19 April 2020 (UTC))[reply]

There were no democratic referendums in the disputed areas.

It must be mentioned, that there were no democratic referendums in the disputed areas.

Trianon was against Wilson's self-determination theory,because it WASN'T based on democratic referendums (general equal&secret ballots). It was not a wonder that Czech, Romanian and Serbian politicians vehemently PROTESTED against the very idea of democratic referendums about the borders at the Paris Peace Conference. Czech politicians didn't trust in Slovaks, because only very few Slovaks joined to the so-called "Czechoslovak"army against the Hungarians in 1919 (and Slovaks represented only 53% ratio in Northen parts of Hungary). Romanian politicians didn't trust in Transylvanian Romanians, perhabs they didn't want to join to the traditionally seriously backward & poor Romania (the ratio of Romanians were only 53% in Transylvania). Serbs were small minority (22% !!!) in Voivodine. Similar to Romania, Serbia was also a very backward Orthodox country without serious urbanization or industrialization.

It was not wonder that the USA did not sign this anti-democratic dictate.

There were only one democratic referendum about the borders between Hungary and Austria: The Sopron area referendum in Western Hungary in 1921, where Entente officers were the leaders of the voting districts, there were general equal and secret ballots with electoral registers (or poll books) of the LOCAL residents, and every local citizen could take part in the elections over 18year, regardless the ethnicity, social status or sex) Some villages voted to remain in Austria, some villages and citiy of Sopron voted to remain part of Hungary.


The "national councils" were brutal mockery and caricature of democracy.


  • 1. There were not even so-called "minimal voter turnout"

It means that even few gathered people of a (single ethnicity "voters") in a very small pub/bar (as it often happened) could decide the future/fate of whole huge cities within some minutes.....

  • 2. The privilege of the single ethnicity, and the rule of ethnic discriminations:

Only the Romanians were allowed to vote in Transylvania, only Slovaks were allowed to vote in Uper Hungary, Only the small Serb minority was allowed to vote in Voivodina, and only men were allowed to vote. Hungarians were not allowed to participate in these strange "elections".

  • 3. The open ballot:

There weren't secret ballot systems in that "elections", the elections were held as public open ballot/voting, with the simple raise of their hands.

  • 4. Zero written documentation of the local events:

The "elections" of the envoys of "national" councils were not even locally documented, only the decision of the self-appointed and locally established "national" councils in the small pubs/bars.

  • 5. No Electorial registers / poll books were used:

These so-called "elections" didn't use any ELECTORAL REGISTERS (or POLL BOOKS) of the LOCAL RESIDENTS, thus it made the gerrymandering directly possible. None of the voters in the open ballots votes were identified before the voting, it was in sharp contrast with normal democratic secret ballot systems. Like the participation of foreign voters from other countries and from foreign settlements were common, thus many people take part in the "elections" who had not any relationship with the area of the actual voting districts or even with the country. So without electoral registers, even foreign stranger "voters" or foreign soldiers could participate in the "elections" (An open possibility for brutal gerrymandery) The participation of foreign Serbian soldiers in the undocumented "elections" of "national councils" was usual in Southern Hungary Voivodine too. Without electoral registers of local residents, a usually unidentified single voter could vote in many many voting districts, thus a single man could vote in many times in many places without any problems...

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