Chronic Town: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Stryge
Tags: Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit
 
(89 intermediate revisions by 42 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{For|the film|Chronic Town (film)}}
{{Infobox EP
{{Infobox album
| Name = Chronic Town
| name = Chronic Town
| Type = EP
| type = ep
⚫
| Artist = [[R.E.M.]]
| Cover = R.E.M. - Chronic Town.jpg
| artist = [[R.E.M.]]
| cover = R.E.M. - Chronic Town.jpg
| Alt =
| alt = A blue gargoyle with its tongue stuck out
| Released = {{Start date|1982|08|24|mf=yes}}
| Recorded = October 1981 and June 1982
| released = {{Start date|1982|08|24}}
| recorded = October 1981 and June 1982
| Studio = Drive-In Studios, [[Winston-Salem, North Carolina|Winston-Salem]], [[North Carolina]], [[United States]]
| studio = [[Drive-In Studio]], [[Winston-Salem, North Carolina|Winston-Salem]], [[North Carolina]], United States
| Genre = {{flatlist|
| genre = {{flatlist|
*[[Alternative rock]]
⚫
*[[Jangle pop]]<ref name="allmusic"/>
*[[college rock]]
*[[folk rock]]<ref name="bio">{{cite web|last=Erlewine|first=Stephen Thomas|author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine|title=R.E.M. {{!}} Biography & History|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/rem-mn0000325459/biography|access-date=December 22, 2020|website=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref>
⚫
*[[jangle pop]]<ref name="allmusic"/>
*[[garage rock]]<ref name="bio"/>
}}
}}
| Length = {{Duration|m=20|s=26}}
| length = {{Duration|m=20|s=26}}
| Language = English
| language = English
| Label = [[I.R.S. Records|I.R.S.]]
| label = [[I.R.S. Records|I.R.S.]]
| Producer = [[Mitch Easter]] and R.E.M.
| producer = *[[Mitch Easter]]
| Chronology = [[R.E.M.]]
*R.E.M.
⚫
| chronology = [[R.E.M.]]
| This album = '''''Chronic Town'''''<br/ >(1982)
| year = 1982
| Next album = ''[[Murmur (album)|Murmur]]''<br/ >(1983)
| next_title = [[Murmur (album)|Murmur]]
| next_year = 1983
}}
}}
'''''Chronic Town''''' is the debut [[Extended play|EP]] by American [[alternative rock]] band [[R.E.M.]], released on August 24, 1982, on [[I.R.S. Records]]. Containing five tracks, the EP was recorded at the [[Drive-In Studio]] in [[Winston-Salem]], [[North Carolina]], in October 1981, eighteen months after the formation of the band. Its co-producer was [[Mitch Easter]], who produced the band's "[[Radio Free Europe (song)|Radio Free Europe]]" single earlier in 1981.
⚫
{{Album ratings
⚫
| rev1 = [[Allmusic]]
⚫
| rev1Score = {{rating|3.5|5}}<ref name="allmusic">{{cite web|last=Erlewine |first=Stephen |authorlink=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/chronic-town-r16013 |title=Chronic Town - R.E.M. |publisher=AllMusic |date= |accessdate=2012-02-09}}</ref>
⚫
| rev2 = [[Robert Christgau]]
⚫
| rev2Score = A−<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?id=1140&name=R.E.M |title=Cg: R.E.M |publisher=Robert Christgau |date= |accessdate=2012-02-09}}</ref>


''Chronic Town''{{'}}s opening track, "Wolves, Lower", was re-recorded in June 1982, two months before the EP's release.
⚫
}}

'''''Chronic Town''''' is the debut [[Extended play|EP]] by American [[alternative rock]] band [[R.E.M.]], released in 1982 on [[I.R.S. Records]]. ''Chronic Town'' is the first illustration of R.E.M.'s signature musical style: jangling guitars, chords played in [[arpeggio]], murmured vocals, and obscure lyrics.
Regarding the title of the EP, the band's drummer, [[Bill Berry]], said: "A 'chronic town' is a city in the state of mind." It is also part of the lyric to "Carnival of Sorts (Boxcars)", the third track on the release,<ref name=":0" /> and the name of the first side of the EP. "Poster Torn", also a lyric in "Carnival of Sorts (Boxcars)", is the name of side two.


==Background and recording==
==Background and recording==
After the minor success of the group's debut single "[[Radio Free Europe (song)|Radio Free Europe]]" in 1981, R.E.M. manager [[Jefferson Holt]] felt the band was ready to record a longer release. While he felt they were not ready to record a full album, Holt figured an EP would be satisfactory.<ref>Buckey, p. 58</ref> The band was uncertain at first if they would record with producer [[Mitch Easter]] (who had produced "Radio Free Europe"), but Easter managed to convince Holt and the band to let him produce it.
After the minor success of the group's debut single "[[Radio Free Europe (song)|Radio Free Europe]]" in 1981, R.E.M. manager [[Jefferson Holt]] felt the band was ready to record a longer release. While he felt they were not ready to record a full album, Holt thought an EP would be satisfactory.<ref>Buckey, p. 58</ref> The band was uncertain at first if they would record with producer [[Mitch Easter]] (who had produced "Radio Free Europe"), but Easter managed to convince Holt and the band to let him produce it.


In October 1981, R.E.M. spent a weekend at Easter's Drive-In Studios recording the EP.<ref name="buckley59">Buckley, p. 59</ref> Easter was a fan of the [[Krautrock]] band [[Kraftwerk]], which inspired him to try various sonic experiments while recording. Easter incorporated tape loops and recorded singer [[Michael Stipe]] singing outdoors.<ref>Buckley, p. 60</ref> The band was open to such experimentation and used the sessions as an opportunity to learn how to use a studio.<ref>Platt, John. "R.E.M." ''[[Bucketfull of Brains]]''. December 1984.</ref>
In October 1981, R.E.M. spent a weekend at Easter's Drive-In Studios recording the EP.<ref name="buckley59">Buckley, p. 59</ref> Easter was a fan of the [[electronic music|electronic]] band [[Kraftwerk]], which inspired him to try various sonic experiments while recording. Easter incorporated tape loops and recorded singer [[Michael Stipe]] singing outdoors.<ref>Buckley, p. 60</ref> "There were a lot of bugs out there," remembered Easter. "Whenever that 'house in order' part comes up, I think you can hear tons of [[Cricket (insect)|crickets]]."<ref name=":0" />


The band was open to such experimentation and used the sessions as an opportunity to learn how to use a studio.<ref>Platt, John. "R.E.M." ''[[Bucketfull of Brains]]''. December 1984.</ref> At the time of R.E.M.'s stint at the Drive-In, "the set-up was really simple," Easter said in 1994. "I had almost nothing in the studio back then, except a tape machine and a console and two compressors and one delay device. We couldn't do any fancy stuff."<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Hogan |first=Peter |title=The Complete Guide to the Music of R.E.M. |publisher=[[Omnibus Press]] |year=1995 |isbn=0-7119-4901-8 |pages=40}}</ref>
⚫
R.E.M. intended to release the EP on a proposed [[independent record label]] named Dasht Hopes run by Holt and his business partner David Healy.<ref name="buckley59" /> However, the band's demo had caught the attention of [[I.R.S. Records]].<ref>Buckley, p. 61–62</ref> The label signed the group to a record deal, working the band out of its contracts with Healy and [[Hib-Tone]], the indie label which released "Radio Free Europe".<ref>Buckley, p. 65</ref> I.R.S. heads Jay Boberg and [[Miles Copeland III]] felt the proposed track listing was weakened by the song "[[Ages of You]]", and felt "Wolves, Lower" was a better choice. However, the pair felt the original take of the song was too fast. The band re-recorded "Wolves, Lower" with Easter in June 1982 in a quick recording session.<ref>Black, p. 64</ref>

Easter continued: "I remember ''Chronic Town'' completely fondly because it was so relaxed, and so open to cutting the tape up and putting pieces in backwards and stuff. There were some fireworks one night, so we went and sat on the roof for four hours and watched the fireworks instead of working on the record—because we ''could'', you know?"<ref name=":0" />

⚫
R.E.M. intended to release the EP on a proposed [[independent record label]] named Dasht Hopes run by Holt and his business partner David Healy, who funded three days of recording at the Drive-In.<ref name="buckley59" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Hogan |first=Peter |title=The Complete Guide to the Music of R.E.M. |publisher=[[Omnibus Press]] |year=1995 |isbn=0-7119-4901-8 |pages=3}}</ref> However, the band's demo had caught the attention of [[I.R.S. Records]].<ref>Buckley, p. 61–62</ref> The label signed the group to a record deal, working it out of its contracts with Healy and [[Hib-Tone]], the indie label which released "Radio Free Europe".<ref>Buckley, p. 65</ref> I.R.S. heads [[Jay Boberg]] and [[Miles Copeland III]] felt the proposed track listing was weakened by the song "[[Ages of You]]" and "Jazz Lips",<ref name=":0" /> and felt "Wolves, Lower" was a better choice. However, the pair felt the original take of the song was too fast. The band re-recorded "Wolves, Lower" with Easter in June 1982 in a quick recording session.<ref>Black, p. 64</ref>

During his time in Athens, [[Michael Lachowski]], of [[Pylon (band)|Pylon]], ran an answerphone service known as the Athens Party Telephone. Its initialism, A.P.T., was used in the lyric to "Stumble".<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Hogan |first=Peter |title=The Complete Guide to the Music of R.E.M. |publisher=[[Omnibus Press]] |year=1995 |isbn=0-7119-4901-8 |pages=43}}</ref>

==Packaging==
The album's front cover features an image of the Stryge [[gargoyle]] from [[Notre-Dame Cathedral]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Camille |first=Michael |date=2008 |title=The Gargoyles of Notre-Dame: Medievalism and the Monsters of Modernity 9780226092461 |url=https://dokumen.pub/the-gargoyles-of-notre-dame-medievalism-and-the-monsters-of-modernity-9780226092461.html |access-date=2023-11-19 |website=dokumen.pub |language=en}}</ref>

==Release==
⚫
I.R.S. released ''Chronic Town'' in August 1982 as its first American release.<ref>Buckley, p. 66–67</ref> Reaction to the EP varied; one I.R.S. radio promoter said that many of his contacts at [[campus radio]] did not know what to make of the record, but added, "The Georgia stations and some of the more together college stations across the country jumped on it." The band filmed its first [[music video]] for "Wolves, Lower" to promote the record. The EP sold 20,000 copies in its first year.<ref>Black, p. 65</ref>


==Reception==
==Reception==
⚫
{{Album ratings
⚫
I.R.S. released ''Chronic Town'' in August 1982 as its first American release.<ref>Buckley, p. 66–67</ref> Reaction to the EP varied; one I.R.S. radio promoter said that many of his contacts at [[campus radio]] didn't know what to make of the record, but added, "The Georgia stations and some of the more together college stations across the country jumped on it." The band filmed its first [[music video]] for "Wolves, Lower" to promote the record. The EP sold 20,000 copies in its first year.<ref>Black, p. 65</ref>
⚫
| rev1 = [[AllMusic]]
⚫
| rev1Score = {{rating|3.5|5}}<ref name="allmusic">{{cite web|last=Erlewine |first=Stephen Thomas |author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/chronic-town-r16013 |title=Chronic Town - R.E.M. |publisher=AllMusic |access-date=February 9, 2012}}</ref>
⚫
| rev2 = [[Robert Christgau]]
⚫
| rev2Score = A−<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?id=1140&name=R.E.M |title=Cg: R.E.M |publisher=Robert Christgau |access-date=February 9, 2012}}</ref>
| rev3 = ''[[The Encyclopedia of Popular Music]]''
| rev3Score = {{Rating|3|5}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Larkin|first=Colin|author-link=Colin Larkin|title=The Encyclopedia of Popular Music|year=2007|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|edition=4th|isbn=978-0195313734|title-link=The Encyclopedia of Popular Music}}</ref>
⚫
}}
I.R.S.'s Jay Boberg said of ''Chronic Town'': "The thing that made me play the cassette again and again was that it kept getting better. It was not the kind of thing you listened to once or twice, casually, and said, 'Oh my God! This is tremendous!' It had a depth to it."<ref name=":0" />


''[[NME]]'' reviewer Richard Grabel wrote, "''Chronic Town'' is five songs that spring to life full of immediacy and action and healthy impatience. Songs that won't be denied." Grabel praised the songs' auras of mystery, and concluded, "R.E.M. ring true, and it's great to hear something as unforced and cunning as this."<ref>Grabel, Richard. "Nightmare Town". ''NME''. December 11, 1982.</ref> ''[[Creem]]'' writer Robot A. Hull began his review saying, "This EP is so arcane that I had to play it six times in a row to get a handle on it&nbsp;– and even now, I'm still not sure." Hull praised the EP for "[evoking] the music of the late-'60s without any pretensions, mingling past and present to shape both into concurrent moments." Hull concluded, "Despite its eccentricity, R.E.M.'s record is undoubtedly the sleeper EP of the year."<ref>Hull, Robot A. "R.E.M.: ''Chronic Town''." ''Creem''. January 1983.</ref>
''[[NME]]'' reviewer Richard Grabel wrote, "''Chronic Town'' is five songs that spring to life full of immediacy and action and healthy impatience. Songs that won't be denied." Grabel praised the songs' auras of mystery, and concluded, "R.E.M. ring true, and it's great to hear something as unforced and cunning as this."<ref>Grabel, Richard. "Nightmare Town". ''NME''. December 11, 1982.</ref> ''[[Creem]]'' writer Robot A. Hull began his review saying, "This EP is so arcane that I had to play it six times in a row to get a handle on it&nbsp;– and even now, I'm still not sure." Hull praised the EP for "[evoking] the music of the late-'60s without any pretensions, mingling past and present to shape both into concurrent moments." Hull concluded, "Despite its eccentricity, R.E.M.'s record is undoubtedly the sleeper EP of the year."<ref>Hull, Robot A. "R.E.M.: ''Chronic Town''." ''Creem''. January 1983.</ref>
Line 44: Line 64:
''Chronic Town'' ranked second in the EP category of the ''[[Village Voice]]'' [[Pazz & Jop]] critics' poll in 1982.<ref>Christgau, Robert. "[http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/pnj/pjres82.php The 1982 Pazz & Jop Critics Poll]". ''Village Voice''. February 22, 1983. Retrieved on March 18, 2008.</ref>
''Chronic Town'' ranked second in the EP category of the ''[[Village Voice]]'' [[Pazz & Jop]] critics' poll in 1982.<ref>Christgau, Robert. "[http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/pnj/pjres82.php The 1982 Pazz & Jop Critics Poll]". ''Village Voice''. February 22, 1983. Retrieved on March 18, 2008.</ref>


For Record Store Day 2010, held on April 17 of that year, participating independent record stores sold a limited edition and individually numbered blue vinyl 12" reissue of the long out of print EP.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://remhq.com/news_story.php?id=1151 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127174459/http://remhq.com/news_story.php?id=1151 |archivedate=2010-11-27 |title=R.E.M.Hq: News |publisher=REMhq.com |date=2010-11-27 |accessdate=2012-06-20}}</ref>
For Record Store Day 2010, held on April 17 of that year, participating independent record stores sold a limited-edition and individually-numbered blue vinyl 12" reissue of the long-out of print EP.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://remhq.com/news_story.php?id=1151 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127174459/http://remhq.com/news_story.php?id=1151 |archive-date=November 27, 2010 |title=R.E.M.Hq: News |publisher=REMhq.com |date=November 27, 2010 |access-date=June 20, 2012}}</ref>


==Track listing==
==Track listing==
Line 52: Line 72:
#"Wolves, Lower"&nbsp;– 4:10
#"Wolves, Lower"&nbsp;– 4:10
#"[[Gardening at Night]]"&nbsp;– 3:29
#"[[Gardening at Night]]"&nbsp;– 3:29
#"Carnival of Sorts (Box Cars)"&nbsp;– 3:54
#"Carnival of Sorts (Boxcars)"&nbsp;– 3:54


'''Side two&nbsp;– "Poster Torn"'''
'''Side two&nbsp;– "Poster Torn"'''
#<li value="4">"1,000,000"&nbsp;– 3:06
#"1,000,000"&nbsp;– 3:06
#"Stumble"&nbsp;– 5:40
#"Stumble"&nbsp;– 5:40

'''Note'''
*On the original vinyl release, R.E.M. labeled the A (or first) side (tracks 1–3) as the "Chronic Town" side and the B (or second) side (tracks 4 and 5) as the "Poster Torn" side. Both are lyrics in the band's song "Carnival of Sorts (Box Cars)". The sides are listed in opposite order on the back which suggests that the sides were switched at some point.


==Personnel==
==Personnel==
'''R.E.M.'''
'''R.E.M.'''
*[[Bill Berry]]&nbsp;– [[Drum kit|drums]], [[vocals]]
*[[Bill Berry]]&nbsp;– drums, vocals
*[[Peter Buck]]&nbsp;– [[guitar]]
*[[Peter Buck]]&nbsp;– guitar
*[[Mike Mills]]&nbsp;– [[bass guitar]], [[vocals]]
*[[Mike Mills]]&nbsp;– bass guitar, vocals
*[[Michael Stipe]]&nbsp;– [[Singing|vocals]]
*[[Michael Stipe]]&nbsp;– vocals


'''Production'''
'''Production'''
*[[Greg Calbi]]&nbsp;– [[Audio mastering|mastering]] at Sterling Sound, [[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]], United States
*[[Greg Calbi]]&nbsp;– [[Audio mastering|mastering]] at Sterling Sound, New York City, United States
*[[Mitch Easter]]&nbsp;– production, engineering
*[[Mitch Easter]]&nbsp;– production, engineering
*Kako .n.&nbsp;– graphics
*Kako .n.&nbsp;– graphics
*[[Curtis Knapp]]&nbsp;– cover photography
*[[Curtis Knapp]]&nbsp;– cover photography
*[[Reuben Aaron Miller|R. A. Miller]]&nbsp;– artwork
*[[Reuben Aaron Miller|R.A. Miller]]&nbsp;– artwork
*R.E.M.&nbsp;– production
*R.E.M.&nbsp;– production
*[[Ron Scarselli]]&nbsp;– design
*[[Ron Scarselli]]&nbsp;– design


==Release history==
==Release history==
The EP was added to the CD edition of the band's rarities compilation album, ''[[Dead Letter Office (album)|Dead Letter Office]]'' (1987), its only current source of availability on CD. It is, however, available in [[LP album|LP]] and cassette formats. It was also bundled together with ''[[Murmur (album)|Murmur]]'' and ''[[Reckoning (R.E.M. album)|Reckoning]]'' in the United Kingdom as ''The Originals'' in 1995.
The EP was added to the CD edition of the band's rarities compilation album ''[[Dead Letter Office (album)|Dead Letter Office]]'' (1987), and again in 1993 in the I.R.S. Vintage Years edition of the compilation. In 2014, it was digitally remastered solely for online purchase from select high-resolution digital music stores. It is also available on analog formats such as [[LP album|LP]] and cassette.

It was bundled together with ''[[Murmur (album)|Murmur]]'' and ''[[Reckoning (R.E.M. album)|Reckoning]]'' in the United Kingdom as ''The Originals'' in 1995. The album also saw a standalone CD reissue on August 19, 2022, featuring liner notes written by producer [[Mitch Easter]], marking the first CD release of the EP not tied to a compilation.<ref name="Sinclair 2022">{{cite web |last1=Sinclair |first1=Paul |title=R.E.M. / Chronic Town reissue |url=https://superdeluxeedition.com/news/r-e-m-chronic-town-reissue/ |website=SuperDeluxeEdition |access-date=2 July 2022 |ref=Sinclair 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702183027/https://superdeluxeedition.com/news/r-e-m-chronic-town-reissue/ |date=2 July 2022 |archive-date=2 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>


'''''Chronic Town'''''
'''''Chronic Town'''''
Line 115: Line 134:
|EP
|EP
|44797-0502-4
|44797-0502-4
|-
|United States, Canada, United Kingdom
|{{Dts|2022}}
|I.R.S.
|CD
|B0035613-02
|-
|Europe
|{{Dts|2022}}
|I.R.S.
|CD
|00602445736416
|}
|}


Line 189: Line 220:


'''Works cited'''
'''Works cited'''
*{{citation |last=Black |first=Johnny |title=Reveal: The Story of R.E.M. |format=Paperback |edition=First |date=June 1, 2004 |publisher=Backbeat |isbn=0-87930-776-5}}
*{{citation |last=Black |first=Johnny |title=Reveal: The Story of R.E.M. |type=Paperback |edition=First |date=June 1, 2004 |publisher=Backbeat |isbn=0-87930-776-5 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/revealstoryofrem00john }}
*{{citation |last=Buckley |first=David |title=R.E.M.: Fiction: An Alternative Biography |format=Hardback |edition=First |date=October 2002 |publisher=Virgin |isbn=1-85227-927-3}}
*{{citation |last=Buckley |first=David |title=R.E.M.: Fiction: An Alternative Biography |type=Hardback |edition=First |date=October 2002 |publisher=Virgin |isbn=1-85227-927-3}}


==External links==
==External links==
*{{official}}
* {{official}}
*{{Allmusic|class=album|id=r16013|label=''Chronic Town''}}
* {{MusicBrainz release group|id=19c331a6-c93e-3ef4-82cf-24adf4f4b14b|name=Chronic Town}}
**{{Allmusic|class=album|id=r16421|label=''Dead Letter Office''}}
**{{Allmusic|class=album|id=r206835|label=''Dead Letter Office''}} (I.R.S. Vintage Years edition)
*{{MusicBrainz release group|id=19c331a6-c93e-3ef4-82cf-24adf4f4b14b|name=Chronic Town}}
**{{MusicBrainz release group|id=e4a46108-cd64-3a3e-a237-a12a63286326|name=Dead Letter Office}}


{{R.E.M.}}
{{R.E.M.}}


{{Authority control}}
⚫
[[Category:1982 EPs]]

⚫
[[Category:1982 debut EPs]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Bill Berry]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Bill Berry]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Michael Stipe]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Michael Stipe]]
Line 208: Line 237:
[[Category:Albums produced by Mitch Easter]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Mitch Easter]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Peter Buck]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Peter Buck]]
[[Category:Debut EPs]]
[[Category:Garage rock EPs]]
[[Category:R.E.M. EPs]]
[[Category:R.E.M. EPs]]
[[Category:English-language EPs]]
[[Category:I.R.S. Records EPs]]
[[Category:I.R.S. Records EPs]]
[[Category:1982 debut albums]]
[[Category:1982 debut albums]]

Latest revision as of 04:52, 19 November 2023

For the film, see Chronic Town (film).
Chronic Town
A blue gargoyle with its tongue stuck out
EP by
R.E.M.
ReleasedAugust 24, 1982 (1982-08-24)
RecordedOctober 1981 and June 1982
StudioDrive-In Studio, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
Genre
Length20:26
LanguageEnglish
LabelI.R.S.
Producer
R.E.M. chronology
Chronic Town
(1982) 		Murmur
(1983)

Chronic Town is the debut EP by American alternative rock band R.E.M., released on August 24, 1982, on I.R.S. Records. Containing five tracks, the EP was recorded at the Drive-In Studio in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, in October 1981, eighteen months after the formation of the band. Its co-producer was Mitch Easter, who produced the band's "Radio Free Europe" single earlier in 1981.

Chronic Town's opening track, "Wolves, Lower", was re-recorded in June 1982, two months before the EP's release.

Regarding the title of the EP, the band's drummer, Bill Berry, said: "A 'chronic town' is a city in the state of mind." It is also part of the lyric to "Carnival of Sorts (Boxcars)", the third track on the release,[3] and the name of the first side of the EP. "Poster Torn", also a lyric in "Carnival of Sorts (Boxcars)", is the name of side two.

Background and recording[edit]

After the minor success of the group's debut single "Radio Free Europe" in 1981, R.E.M. manager Jefferson Holt felt the band was ready to record a longer release. While he felt they were not ready to record a full album, Holt thought an EP would be satisfactory.[4] The band was uncertain at first if they would record with producer Mitch Easter (who had produced "Radio Free Europe"), but Easter managed to convince Holt and the band to let him produce it.

In October 1981, R.E.M. spent a weekend at Easter's Drive-In Studios recording the EP.[5] Easter was a fan of the electronic band Kraftwerk, which inspired him to try various sonic experiments while recording. Easter incorporated tape loops and recorded singer Michael Stipe singing outdoors.[6] "There were a lot of bugs out there," remembered Easter. "Whenever that 'house in order' part comes up, I think you can hear tons of crickets."[3]

The band was open to such experimentation and used the sessions as an opportunity to learn how to use a studio.[7] At the time of R.E.M.'s stint at the Drive-In, "the set-up was really simple," Easter said in 1994. "I had almost nothing in the studio back then, except a tape machine and a console and two compressors and one delay device. We couldn't do any fancy stuff."[3]

Easter continued: "I remember Chronic Town completely fondly because it was so relaxed, and so open to cutting the tape up and putting pieces in backwards and stuff. There were some fireworks one night, so we went and sat on the roof for four hours and watched the fireworks instead of working on the record—because we could, you know?"[3]

R.E.M. intended to release the EP on a proposed independent record label named Dasht Hopes run by Holt and his business partner David Healy, who funded three days of recording at the Drive-In.[5][8] However, the band's demo had caught the attention of I.R.S. Records.[9] The label signed the group to a record deal, working it out of its contracts with Healy and Hib-Tone, the indie label which released "Radio Free Europe".[10] I.R.S. heads Jay Boberg and Miles Copeland III felt the proposed track listing was weakened by the song "Ages of You" and "Jazz Lips",[3] and felt "Wolves, Lower" was a better choice. However, the pair felt the original take of the song was too fast. The band re-recorded "Wolves, Lower" with Easter in June 1982 in a quick recording session.[11]

During his time in Athens, Michael Lachowski, of Pylon, ran an answerphone service known as the Athens Party Telephone. Its initialism, A.P.T., was used in the lyric to "Stumble".[12]

Packaging[edit]

The album's front cover features an image of the Stryge gargoyle from Notre-Dame Cathedral.[13]

Release[edit]

I.R.S. released Chronic Town in August 1982 as its first American release.[14] Reaction to the EP varied; one I.R.S. radio promoter said that many of his contacts at campus radio did not know what to make of the record, but added, "The Georgia stations and some of the more together college stations across the country jumped on it." The band filmed its first music video for "Wolves, Lower" to promote the record. The EP sold 20,000 copies in its first year.[15]

Reception[edit]

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[1]
Robert ChristgauA−[16]
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music[17]

I.R.S.'s Jay Boberg said of Chronic Town: "The thing that made me play the cassette again and again was that it kept getting better. It was not the kind of thing you listened to once or twice, casually, and said, 'Oh my God! This is tremendous!' It had a depth to it."[3]

NME reviewer Richard Grabel wrote, "Chronic Town is five songs that spring to life full of immediacy and action and healthy impatience. Songs that won't be denied." Grabel praised the songs' auras of mystery, and concluded, "R.E.M. ring true, and it's great to hear something as unforced and cunning as this."[18] Creem writer Robot A. Hull began his review saying, "This EP is so arcane that I had to play it six times in a row to get a handle on it – and even now, I'm still not sure." Hull praised the EP for "[evoking] the music of the late-'60s without any pretensions, mingling past and present to shape both into concurrent moments." Hull concluded, "Despite its eccentricity, R.E.M.'s record is undoubtedly the sleeper EP of the year."[19]

Chronic Town ranked second in the EP category of the Village Voice Pazz & Jop critics' poll in 1982.[20]

For Record Store Day 2010, held on April 17 of that year, participating independent record stores sold a limited-edition and individually-numbered blue vinyl 12" reissue of the long-out of print EP.[21]

Track listing[edit]

All songs written by Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills and Michael Stipe.

Side one – "Chronic Town"

  1. "Wolves, Lower" – 4:10
  2. "Gardening at Night" – 3:29
  3. "Carnival of Sorts (Boxcars)" – 3:54

Side two – "Poster Torn"

  1. "1,000,000" – 3:06
  2. "Stumble" – 5:40

Personnel[edit]

R.E.M.

Production

Release history[edit]

The EP was added to the CD edition of the band's rarities compilation album Dead Letter Office (1987), and again in 1993 in the I.R.S. Vintage Years edition of the compilation. In 2014, it was digitally remastered solely for online purchase from select high-resolution digital music stores. It is also available on analog formats such as LP and cassette.

It was bundled together with Murmur and Reckoning in the United Kingdom as The Originals in 1995. The album also saw a standalone CD reissue on August 19, 2022, featuring liner notes written by producer Mitch Easter, marking the first CD release of the EP not tied to a compilation.[22]

Chronic Town

Region Date Label Format Catalog
United States August 24, 1982 I.R.S. EP 44797-0502-1
Cassette tape SP-70502
Greece 1982 Illegal EP ILP 26097
Worldwide 1990 A&M LP 70502
Worldwide 1990 I.R.S. EP 44797-0502-4
United States, Canada, United Kingdom 2022 I.R.S. CD B0035613-02
Europe 2022 I.R.S. CD 00602445736416

Dead Letter Office

Region Date Label Format Catalog
United Kingdom April 27, 1987 I.R.S. LP 44797-0054-1
CD 44797-0054-2
United States April 28, 1987 I.R.S. CD 70054
Worldwide 1990 A&M CD 70054
Worldwide 1990 I.R.S. Cassette 44797-0054-4
The Netherlands 1993 EMI CD 0777 7 13199 2 1†
Worldwide 1994 A&M CD 195

Note †I.R.S. Vintage Years edition, with bonus tracks

The Originals

Region Date Label Format Catalog
United Kingdom 1995 I.R.S./EMI CD box set 7243 8 35088 2 2

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Chronic Town - R.E.M." AllMusic. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
  2. ^ a b Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "R.E.M. | Biography & History". AllMusic. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Hogan, Peter (1995). The Complete Guide to the Music of R.E.M. Omnibus Press. p. 40. ISBN 0-7119-4901-8.
  4. ^ Buckey, p. 58
  5. ^ a b Buckley, p. 59
  6. ^ Buckley, p. 60
  7. ^ Platt, John. "R.E.M." Bucketfull of Brains. December 1984.
  8. ^ Hogan, Peter (1995). The Complete Guide to the Music of R.E.M. Omnibus Press. p. 3. ISBN 0-7119-4901-8.
  9. ^ Buckley, p. 61–62
  10. ^ Buckley, p. 65
  11. ^ Black, p. 64
  12. ^ Hogan, Peter (1995). The Complete Guide to the Music of R.E.M. Omnibus Press. p. 43. ISBN 0-7119-4901-8.
  13. ^ Camille, Michael (2008). "The Gargoyles of Notre-Dame: Medievalism and the Monsters of Modernity 9780226092461". dokumen.pub. Retrieved 2023-11-19.
  14. ^ Buckley, p. 66–67
  15. ^ Black, p. 65
  16. ^ "Cg: R.E.M". Robert Christgau. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
  17. ^ Larkin, Colin (2007). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195313734.
  18. ^ Grabel, Richard. "Nightmare Town". NME. December 11, 1982.
  19. ^ Hull, Robot A. "R.E.M.: Chronic Town." Creem. January 1983.
  20. ^ Christgau, Robert. "The 1982 Pazz & Jop Critics Poll". Village Voice. February 22, 1983. Retrieved on March 18, 2008.
  21. ^ "R.E.M.Hq: News". REMhq.com. November 27, 2010. Archived from the original on November 27, 2010. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
  22. ^ Sinclair, Paul (2 July 2022). "R.E.M. / Chronic Town reissue". SuperDeluxeEdition. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022.

Works cited

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chronic_Town&oldid=1185815976"