Lil Jon discography
| Lil Jon discography | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Studio albums | 7 |
| Compilation albums | 1 |
| Singles | 15 |
The discography of Lil Jon, an American rapper, consists of 7 studio albums and 15 singles. Lil Jon was the lead vocalist for the group Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz from 1997 to 2004. Since the group broke up, Lil Jon has continued to produce his own music and tracks for other artists.
In 1997, Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz debuted with Get Crunk, Who U Wit: Da Album. After releasing We Still Crunk!! in 2000, the group signed to TVT Records. Under TVT the group put out three albums: Put Yo Hood Up in 2001, Kings of Crunk in 2002, and Crunk Juice in 2004. Two collaborative singles with the Ying Yang Twins, "Get Low" and "Salt Shaker", made the top ten of the US Billboard Hot 100 chart in 2003 and 2004 respectively.[1] Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz disbanded after Crunk Juice, but Lil Jon continued his music career with many produced hit singles such as "Girlfight" by Brooke Valentine, "The Anthem" by Pitbull, and "Do You Remember" by Jay Sean. Lil Jon began recording his solo debut album, Crunk Rock, in 2006, and "Snap Yo Fingers" (featuring E-40 and Sean P) was the debut single for that album. Many delays led it to be released in 2010.
Albums
Studio albums
| Title | Details | Peak chart positions | Certifications (sales threshold) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US [2] |
US R&B [3] |
US Rap [4] |
US Indie [5] |
AUS [6] | ||||||
| Get Crunk, Who U Wit: Da Album (with The East Side Boyz) |
— | — | — | — | — | |||||
| We Still Crunk! (with The East Side Boyz) |
|
— | 71 | — | — | — | ||||
| Put Yo Hood Up (with The East Side Boyz) | 43 | 6 | — | 1 | — | |||||
| Kings of Crunk (with The East Side Boyz) |
|
14 | 2 | — | 1 | 93 |
| |||
| Crunk Juice (with The East Side Boyz) |
|
3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 81 |
| |||
| Crunk Rock |
|
49 | 8 | 5 | — | — | ||||
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | ||||||||||
Compilation albums
| Title | Details | Peak chart positions[8] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US | US R&B |
US Indie | ||
| Certified Crunk |
|
197 | 40 | 9 |
Soundtrack appearances and/or production
- 1999 - The Wood: Music from the Motion Picture
- 2000 - Big Momma's House Soundtrack
- 2002 - Love and a Bullet Soundtrack
- 2002 - Barbershop 2: Back In Business Soundtrack
- 2005 - XXX: State of the Union Soundtrack
- 2005 - Hustle & Flow Motion Picture Soundtrack
- 2005 - MTV VMA Score 2005 (with Mike Shinoda)
- 2009 - Fast & Furious Motion Picture Soundtrack
- 2009 - The Hangover: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
- 2012 - Step Up Revolution: Music From The Motion Picture
- 2013 - Turbo: Music from the Motion Picture Soundtrack
- 2015 - We Are Your Friends: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
- 2015 - Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
- 2015 - Furious 7: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
- 2016 - Office Christmas Party: Motion Picture Soundtrack
- 2018 - Superfly: Music from the Motion Picture
- 2020 - Bad Boys for Life (The Soundtrack) (with Pitbull)
Extended plays
| Title | Details |
|---|---|
| Part II (with The East Side Boyz) |
|
Singles
As lead artist
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Certifications | Album | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US [9] |
US R&B [10] |
US Rap [11] |
AUS [6] |
CAN [12] |
NZ [13] |
SWI [14] |
UK [15][16] | ||||
| "Who You Wit?" (with The East Side Boyz) |
1997 | — | 70 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Get Crunk, Who You Wit: Da Album | |
| "Shawty Freak a Lil Sumtin" (with The East Side Boyz featuring Disco Rick) |
1998 | 119 | 62 | 32 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| "I Like Dem Girlz" (with The East Side Boyz) |
2000 | — | 55 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | We Still Crunk!! | |
| "Bia' Bia'" (with The East Side Boyz featuring Ludacris, Too $hort, Big Kap and Chyna Whyte) |
2001 | 94 | 47 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Put Yo Hood Up | |
| "Put Yo Hood Up" (with The East Side Boyz) |
— | 80 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "I Don't Give a Fuck" (with The East Side Boyz featuring Mystikal and Krayzie Bone) |
2002 | — | 50 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Kings of Crunk | |
| "Get Low"[A] (with The East Side Boyz featuring Ying Yang Twins) |
2003 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 23 | — | 28 | 44 | 10 | ||
| "What U Gon' Do"[A] (with The East Side Boyz featuring Lil Scrappy) |
2004 | 22 | 18 | 8 | — | — | — | — | 38 | Crunk Juice | |
| "Lovers and Friends"[A] (with The East Side Boyz featuring Usher and Ludacris) |
3 | 2 | 1 | 36 | — | 15 | 44 | 10 | |||
| "Get Crunk" (with The East Side Boyz featuring Bo Hagon) |
— | 59 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "Real Nigga Roll Call"[A] (with The East Side Boyz featuring Ice Cube) |
— | 61 | — | — | — | — | — | 38 | |||
| "Snap Yo Fingers" (featuring E-40 and Sean P) |
2006 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 57 | — | 14 | — | 159 |
|
Non-album singles |
| "Act a Fool" (featuring Three 6 Mafia) |
— | 91 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "I Do" (featuring Snoop Dogg and Swizz Beatz) |
2009 | — | 101 | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| "Give It All U Got" (featuring Kee) |
— | — | — | — | 90 | — | — | — | |||
| "Ms. Chocolate" (featuring R. Kelly and Mario) |
2010 | — | 77 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Crunk Rock | |
| "Hey" (featuring 3OH!3) |
62 | — | — | — | 48 | — | — | — | |||
| "Machuka"[19] (featuring Mr. Catra and Mulher Filé) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "Mutate"[20] (with Sidney Samson) |
2011 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album singles | |
| "Drink" (featuring LMFAO) |
2012 | 102 | 101 | — | 42 | — | — | — | — | ||
| "Turn Down for What" (with DJ Snake) |
2013 | 4 | 30 | — | 13 | 17 | 10 | 36 | 23 |
| |
| "Bend Ova" (featuring Tyga) |
2014 | 92 | — | 19 | 48 | 53 | 40 | — | — | ||
| "My Cutie Pie" (featuring T-Pain, Snoop Dogg, Problem) |
2015 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| "Get Loose" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "GFU" (with Hidrro featuring Sue Cho, DMX) |
2016 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| "Take It Off" (featuring Yandel and Becky G) |
—[A] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "Work" | 2017 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| "In the Pit" (featuring Skellism and Terror Bass) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "Alive" (featuring Offset and 2 Chainz) |
2018 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| "Bang"[25] (with Nghtmre and Shaq) |
2019 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| "Fuccboi"[26] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "Mutate (2k19 Festival Mix)"[27] (with Sidney Samson) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "Ain't No Tellin'"[28] (with Mac Dre) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "Oxy"[29] (with Big Ali and R-Wan) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "Jumpin"[30] (with Pitbull) |
2023 | — | 44 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Trackhouse | |
| "What We On" (with E-40 P-LO and Da Boii) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album single | ||
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | |||||||||||
- A. ^ In the UK "Real Nigga Roll Call" charted as "Roll Call" together with "What U Gon' Do" and "Lovers & Friends" together with "Get Low" as two separate double A-side singles.
As featured artist
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Certifications | Album | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US | US R&B | AUS [6] |
CAN | GER | IRL | NLD | NZ | SWI | UK | |||||
| "Damn!" (YoungBloodZ featuring Lil Jon) |
2003 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
|
Drankin' Patnaz | |
| "Salt Shaker" (Ying Yang Twins featuring Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz) |
9 | 9 | 75 | — | 87 | — | — | — | — | — |
|
Me & My Brother | ||
| "Shake That Monkey" (Too Short featuring Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz) |
84 | 56 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Married to the Game | |||
| "Head Bussa" (Lil Scrappy featuring Lil Jon) |
— | 73 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Trillville & Lil Scrappy | |||
| "Neva Eva" (Trillville featuring Lil Jon and Lil Scrappy) |
78 | 28 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||
| "Quick to Back Down" (Bravehearts featuring Nas and Lil Jon) |
— | 48 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Bravehearted | |||
| "Come Get Some" (TLC featuring Lil Jon and Sean P) |
— | 81 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Now and Forever: The Hits | |||
| "Yeah!" (Usher featuring Lil Jon and Ludacris) |
2004 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
|
Confessions | |
| "Culo" (Pitbull featuring Lil Jon) |
32 | 45 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | M.I.A.M.I. | |||
| "Let's Go" (Trick Daddy featuring Twista and Lil Jon) |
7 | 10 | 35 | — | — | 27 | — | — | — | 26 |
|
Thug Matrimony: Married to the Streets | ||
| "Real Gangstaz" (Mobb Deep featuring Lil Jon) |
— | 49 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Amerikaz Nightmare | |||
| "Toma" (Pitbull featuring Lil Jon) |
108 | 73 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | M.I.A.M.I. | |||
| "Girlfight" (Brooke Valentine featuring Big Boi and Lil Jon) |
2005 | 23 | 13 | 50 | — | 70 | 47 | — | 28 | 61 | 35 | Chain Letter | ||
| "Okay" (Nivea featuring Lil Jon and YoungBloodZ) |
40 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — | 28 | — | — | Complicated | |||
| "Go to Church" (Ice Cube featuring Snoop Dogg and Lil Jon) |
2006 | 121 | 67 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Laugh Now, Cry Later | ||
| "Get Buck in Here" (DJ Felli Fel featuring Diddy, Akon, Ludacris and Lil Jon) |
2007 | 41 | 27 | — | 58 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
|
Non-album single | |
| "The Anthem" (Pitbull featuring Lil Jon) |
38 | — | — | — | 72 | — | — | — | 64 | — | The Boatlift | |||
| "Krazy" (Pitbull featuring Lil Jon) |
2008 | 30 | 101 | 38 | 70 | — | — | — | — | 59 | — |
|
Rebelution and Fast & Furious | |
| "Shots" (LMFAO featuring Lil Jon) |
2009 | 68 | — | 75 | 53 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Party Rock | ||
| "Patron Tequila" (Paradiso Girls featuring Lil Jon and Eve) |
— | — | — | 82 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album single | |||
| "Do You Remember" (Jay Sean featuring Sean Paul and Lil Jon) |
10 | — | 7 | 11 | — | 23 | — | 11 | — | 13 |
|
All or Nothing | ||
| "Twisted" (Gorilla Zoe featuring Lil Jon) |
2011 | 77 | 63 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | King Kong | ||
| "Turbulence" (Laidback Luke and Steve Aoki featuring Lil Jon) |
— | — | 37 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 66 | Non-album single | |||
| "Hard White (Up in the Club)" (Yelawolf featuring Lil Jon) |
— | 114 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Radioactive | |||
| "Literally I Can't"[43] (Play-N-Skillz featuring Redfoo, Lil Jon and Enertia McFly) |
2014 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album singles | ||
| "SexBeat" (Usher featuring Lil Jon and Ludacris) |
2020 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| "JUMPIN" (Pitbull featuring Lil Jon) |
2023 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Trackhouse | ||
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | ||||||||||||||
Promotional singles
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Album | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US | US R&B | |||
| "Let Me See the Booty" (The-Dream featuring Lil Jon) |
2008 | — | 111 | Love vs. Money |
| "Jizzle" (Young Jeezy featuring Lil Jon) |
2010 | 116 | — | Non-album single |
| "Set the Roof" (Rae Sremmurd featuring Lil Jon) |
2016 | — | — | SremmLife 2 |
| "Cinco de Mayo"[44] (with Pitbull featuring Chesca) |
2020 | — | — | Libertad 548 |
Other charted songs
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Album | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US | US R&B |
AUS | |||
| "Nothin's Free" (with the East Side Boyz featuring Oobie) |
2002 | — | 61 | — | Put Yo Hood Up and Kings of Crunk |
| "Rep Your City" (E-40 featuring Petey Pablo, Bun B, 8Ball and Lil Jon & The East Side Boyz) |
— | 73 | — | Grit & Grind | |
| "Play No Games" (with the East Side Boyz featuring Fat Joe, Trick Daddy and Oobie) |
2003 | — | 106 | — | Kings of Crunk |
| "In the Club" (with the East Side Boyz featuring R. Kelly and Ludacris) |
2004 | — | 107 | — | Crunk Juice |
| "Outta Your Mind" (featuring LMFAO) |
2010 | 84 | — | 92 | Crunk Rock |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or receive certification. | |||||
Guest appearances
| Title | Year | Other artist(s) | Album |
|---|---|---|---|
| "Last Call" | 2003 | Outkast, Slimm Calhoun | Speakerboxxx/The Love Below |
| "305 Anthem" | 2004 | Pitbull | M.I.A.M.I. |
| "Culo" (Miami Mix) | Pitbull, Mr. Vegas | ||
| "1800" | 2009 | Snoop Dogg | Malice N Wonderland |
| "Prima Donna" (Uncredited)[45] |
2010 | Christina Aguilera | Bionic |
| "How Many Girls" | Jamie Drastik | The Magnet | |
| "Can't Be Tamed" (Rockangeles Remix) | Miley Cyrus | Can't Be Tamed | |
| "Watagatapitusberry" | Pitbull, Sensato del Patio, Black Point, El Cata | Armando | |
| "Go Ape" | Far East Movement, Colette Carr | Free Wired | |
| "I Wanna Get Drunk" | DJ Felli Fel, Three 6 Mafia, Fatman Scoop | none | |
| "Let's Go" | 2011 | Travis Barker, Yelawolf, Twista, Busta Rhymes | Give the Drummer Some |
| "Stunt" | OJ da Juiceman, Rocko | Culinary Art School 2 | |
| "You Had Me from Hell No" | John Rich | Rich Rocks | |
| "Twisted" | Gorilla Zoe | King Kong | |
| "Emergency" | 2012 | Steve Aoki, Chiddy Bang | Wonderland |
| "It's Your Birthday B!#ch" | DJ Felli Fel, Jessie Malakouti | none | |
| "Let's Go (Ricky Luna Remix) | Travis Barker, Busta Rhymes, Twista, Yelawolf | Step Up Revolution | |
| "U Don't Like Me" (Datsik Remix) | Diplo | ||
| "Goin' In" | Jennifer Lopez, Flo Rida | ||
| "It's My Party" | Roscoe Dash, MGK | 2.0 | |
| "Lace Up" | MGK | Lace Up | |
| "Madness" | 2013 | Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike, Coone | none |
| "Before I Pass Out" | Darin | Exit | |
| "Electric Vodka" | DJ Hidrro, Mandy Edge | none | |
| "Welcome to the Jungle" | Alvaro, Mercer | ||
| "Andale" | 2014 | Problem | O.T (Outta Town) |
| "Middle Finger (Down Low)" | DJ Hidrro | Down Low EP | |
| "The Weekend" | 2015 | Eden xo | none |
| "Calentura Trap Edition" | Yandel | Dangerous | |
| "#GFU" | 2016 | DJ Hidrro, Sue Cho | none |
| "Set the Roof" | Rae Sremmurd | SremmLife 2 | |
| "Locas" | 2017 | Pitbull | Greatest Hits |
| "Temporary Lover" | 2019 | Chris Brown | Indigo |
| "Damn I Love Miami" | 2020 | Pitbull | Bad Boys for Life |
| "Bia Bia" | Bia | For Certain | |
| "Take a Shot and Make a TikTok" | Nategawd, Flo Rida | none |
Notes
- ^ "Take It Off" did not chart on the Billboard Hot 100, though did peak at number 45 on the Hot Latin Songs chart.[24]
References
- ^ Birchmeier, Jason (2006). "Lil Jon – Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
- ^ "Lil Jon Chart History - Billboard 200". Billboard. Retrieved May 20, 2011.
- ^ "Lil Jon Chart History - R&B/Hip-Hop Albums". Billboard. Retrieved May 20, 2011.
- ^ "Lil Jon Chart History - Rap Albums". Billboard. Retrieved May 20, 2011.
- ^ "Lil Jon Chart History - Independent Albums". Billboard. Retrieved May 20, 2011.
- ^ a b c Peak chart positions for singles in Australia:
- All except noted: "Discography Lil Jon". australian-charts.com. Retrieved July 16, 2010.
- Peaks below 50: Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010 (PDF ed.). Mt Martha, Victoria, Australia: Moonlight Publishing. p. 166.
- "Outta Your Mind": "The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 6 June 2011" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-29. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
- ^ a b c d "RIAA - Recording Industry Association of America - Searchable Database". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved May 20, 2011.
- ^ "Certified Crunk > Charts & Awards > Billboard Albums". allmusic. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
- ^ "Lil Jon Chart History: Hot 100". Billboard. Retrieved January 24, 2019.
- ^ "Lil Jon Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". Billboard. Retrieved August 3, 2023.
- ^ "Lil Jon Chart History: Hot Rap Songs". Billboard. Retrieved August 3, 2023.
- ^ "Lil Jon Album & Song Chart History: Canadian Hot 100". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 28, 2015. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
- ^ "Discography Lil Jon". Charts.nz. Retrieved July 16, 2010.
- ^ "Discography Lil Jon". Swisscharts.com (in German). Retrieved July 16, 2010.
- ^ "Lil Jon & The East Side Boyz". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 16, 2010.
- ^ Zywietz, Tobias (February 6, 1997). "Chart Log UK: DJ Steve L. – LZ Love". Zobbel.de. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
- ^ a b c d "British certifications – Lil Jon". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved April 13, 2023. Type Lil Jon in the "Search BPI Awards" field and then press Enter.
- ^ a b "The Official New Zealand Music Chart".
- ^ ""Machuka", novo clipe do Lil´Jon com Mulher Filé e Mr Catra". Papel Pop. Archived from the original on November 12, 2017. Retrieved October 6, 2018.
- ^ "Mutate – Single by Sidney Samson & Lil Jon". iTunes Store. Apple. 12 December 2011. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
- ^ "Gold & Platinum". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved April 6, 2020.
- ^ "Accreditations - ARIA".
- ^ "www.sverigetopplistan.se - Artikeldata". www.sverigetopplistan.se. Archived from the original on 2014-09-11.
- ^ "Hot Latin Songs charts (Week: October 29, 2016)". Billboard. 2 January 2013. Retrieved October 18, 2016.
- ^ Bein, Kat (February 21, 2019). "Nghtmre, Shaq & Lil Jon Go 'Bang' on Monster Collab: Listen". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 22, 2019. Retrieved February 26, 2019.
- ^ "Fuccboi - Single by Lil Jon, Styles&Complete & Bailo". 22 February 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2020.
- ^ "Mutate (2k19 Festival Mix) - Single by Sidney Samson & Lil Jon on iTunes". Retrieved January 19, 2020.
- ^ "Ain't No Tellin' - Single by Lil Jon & Mac Dre". 12 June 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2020.
- ^ "OXY - Single by Big Ali, Lil Jon & R-Wan". 15 July 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2020.
- ^ "Pitbull and Lil Jon's new song samples one of the most recognizable songs in Wisconsin: 'Jump Around'". Milwaukee Journel Sentinal. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
- ^ "Gold & Platinum". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved April 6, 2020.
- ^ "Gold & Platinum". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved April 6, 2020.
- ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2022 Singles" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved April 4, 2022.
- ^ "Gold & Platinum Certification Archives > September 2004". Canadian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on November 22, 2010. Retrieved August 23, 2010.
- ^ "Top 40 Singles". Recorded Music NZ. September 27, 2004. Archived from the original on July 7, 2013. Retrieved August 22, 2010.
- ^ "Gold & Platinum". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved April 6, 2020.
- ^ "Gold & Platinum: DJ Felli Fel". Recording Industry Association of America. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
- ^ "Gold & Platinum". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved April 6, 2020.
- ^ "Gold & Platinum". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved April 6, 2020.
- ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2014 Singles". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
- ^ "Gold & Platinum: Jay Sean". Recording Industry Association of America. Archived from the original on 2013-02-01. Retrieved 2012-07-29.
- ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2010 Singles". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved 2012-07-29.
- ^ "Play-N-Skillz featuring Red Foo, Lil' Jon and Enertia McFly – Literally I Can't". Discogs. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
- ^ Pitbull - Premio Lo Nuestro Awards 2020 Live Performance from YouTube (February 20, 2020)
- ^ Hinshaw, Drew (June 8, 2010). "Christina Aguilera, Army of One". The Village Voice. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved October 16, 2023.