List of post-nominal letters (Canada)

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This is a list of post-nominal letters used in Canada. The order in which they follow an individual's name is:

  1. Distinctions conferred directly by the Crown
  2. University degrees
  3. Memberships of societies and other distinctions

Normally no more than two are given, representing the highest award of each type.[1] For decorations and medals, the order of precedence is the same as the order of precedence for the wearing of order insignias, decorations, and medals, as laid out by the Department of Canadian Heritage.[2]

Awards and orders

Post-nominal Office Notes

Higher national decorations

VC Victoria Cross Currently there are no living Canadians permitted to use the post-nominal letters VC. Since its creation in 1993, the Canadian Victoria Cross has never been awarded. Historical Canadians with the post-nominals VC were Canadian recipients of the British Victoria Cross.
CV Cross of Valour

National orders and Commonwealth orders

OM Order of Merit Commonwealth order
CC Companion of the Order of Canada
OC Officer of the Order of Canada
CM Member of the Order of Canada
CMM Commander of the Order of Military Merit
COM Commander of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces
CVO Commander of the Royal Victorian Order Commonwealth order
OMM Officer of the Order of Military Merit
OOM Officer of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces
LVO Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order Commonwealth order
MMM Member of the Order of Military Merit
MOM Member of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces
MVO Member of the Royal Victorian Order Commonwealth order

Obsolete National orders

CM Medal of Courage of the Order of Canada The Medal of Courage of the Order of Canada was never awarded and was abolished in 1972 when the Order of Canada was restructured into two levels and the Canadian Bravery Decorations were established.
SM Medal of Service of the Order of Canada The Medal of Service of the Order of Canada was awarded to 319 Canadians, and would be converted into the Officer level of the Order of Canada in 1972. Thirty recipients of the Medal of Service died prior to 1972 and thus were never converted to Officers of the Order of Canada.

Provincial orders

Note: Precedence of provincial orders are in order of when they were added to the national orders system at the request of the provincial orders system, not by the normal order of precedence for provinces.
GOQ Grand officier de l'Ordre national du Québec English: Grand officer of the National Order of Quebec
OQ Officier de l'Ordre national du Québec English: Officer of the National Order of Quebec
CQ Chevalier de l'Ordre national du Québec English: Knight of the National Order of Quebec
SOM Saskatchewan Order of Merit
OOnt Order of Ontario
OBC Order of British Columbia
AOE Alberta Order of Excellence
OPEI Order of Prince Edward Island
OM Order of Manitoba
ONB Order of New Brunswick
ONS Order of Nova Scotia
ONL Order of Newfoundland and Labrador

Territorial orders

Note: Precedence of territories orders are in order of when they were added to the national orders system, not by the normal order of precedence for territories.
ONu Order of Nunavut
ONWT Order of the Northwest Territories
OY Order of Yukon

National Decorations

SMV Star of Military Valour
SC Star of Courage
MSC
French: CSM
Meritorious Service Cross When awarded the Meritorious Service Cross, francophones use the post-nominal letters CSM for Croix du service méritoire, instead of MSC.[3]
MMV Medal of Military Valour
MB Medal of Bravery
MSM Meritorious Service Medal The post-nominal letters for the Meritorious Service Medal (MSM) are the same in both English and French.[3]
RVM Royal Victorian Medal
CD Canadian Forces Decoration

Appointments to the monarch

ADC Aide-de-Camp to Her Majesty
A de C Aide-de-Camp to Governor General, Lieutenant Governor or viceroy.[4]
QHS Queen's Honorary Surgeon[5]
QHP Queen's Honorary Physician
QHDS Queen's Honorary Dental Surgeon
QHNS or QHN Queen's Honorary Nursing Sister or Queen's Honorary Nurse
QHC Queen's Honorary Chaplain
QPO Queen's Police Officer
QC
French: c.r.
Queen's Counsel (French: conseillier de la reine) During the reign of a male monarch, the letters are KC for King's Counsel.

Political

PC
French: CP
Privy Councillor A Privy Councillor is also entitled to be styled "The Honourable" or "L'honorable" for life. The post-nominal letters are necessary to denote that someone is a privy councillor because in Canada holding a certain office can also allow the use of The Honourable title. Unlike what is done in the United Kingdom, the post-nominals "PC" have precedence over all Crown honours with two notable exceptions: the Victoria Cross ("VC") and the Cross of Valour ("CV").[6]

In practice, post-nominals are not usually translated from one language to another, but this is an exception.

ECNS Member of the Executive Council of Nova Scotia Used for members (including honorary members) of the Executive Council of Nova Scotia since 2007.
MP Member of House of Commons of Canada Letters are short for "Member of Parliament". This title is used in Canada and other Commonwealth nations to describe members of the lower house of Parliament only. The Senate of Canada is part of Parliament, but its members are not called MPs.
MPP Member of the Ontario Legislative Assembly after 1938 Letters are short for "Member of Provincial Parliament". Before 1938, members used MLA.
MNA Member of the National Assembly of Quebec after 1968 Before 1968, members used MLA.
MLA Member of the Legislative Assembly Used for members of provincial and territorial legislatures except Ontario, Quebec, and Newfoundland and Labrador.
MHA Member of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly Only used for members of the Newfoundland and Labrador legislative assembly. Even though Nova Scotia's assembly is called the Nova Scotia House of Assembly, its members are styled MLAs.

Professional and academic qualifications

Post-nominal Office Notes

Academic degrees

PhD
(and others)
Academic doctorate Also includes DBA, DD, DLitt, DPhil, DSocSci, DU, EdD, EngD, JSD, LLD, SJD.

Holders of an academic doctorate are also entitled to use the prefix "Doctor".

MD
(and others)
Professional doctorate Also includes DMin, DDS, DNP, DC, DO, DSW, DVM, JD, MD, OD, PharmD, PsyD.

The only professional doctorates to grant the title of "Doctor" are those in medical fields.

MA
(and others)
Academic master's degree Also includes LLM, MASc, MEd, MEng, MFA, MM, MMath, MRes, MSc, MSci, MJ, MPP, MES.
MBA
(and others)
First professional degree Professional master's degrees include MAcc, M.Arch., MC, MFin, MPA, MMus, and MMM.

Professional bachelor's degrees include BASc or BEng, BCL, BEd, LLB, LL.L., MDiv.

The exact hierarchy of professional degrees relative to academic degrees varies. For example, a Bachelor of Laws degree (LLB) from North American schools is treated as equivalent to a Juris Doctor degree (JD). On the other hand, a Bachelor of Applied Science degree (BASc) at many schools can me done straight of out highschool, and is treated as the same level as academic bachelor degrees like a Bachelor of Arts degree.

BA
(and others)
Bachelor's degree Also includes BFA, B.A., Hons, BMgmt, BSc, BScN, BSocSc, BSW, BCom and BBA.
see note → school name In academic contexts, it is common to give an abbreviation of name of the school awarding the degree after the letters for the degree itself. The way school names are abbreviated can vary. For example, a PhD from Memorial University of Newfoundland can be found written as PhD (MUN) or PhD (Memorial). When a person has multiple degrees from the same school, the school name is only written once, after all degrees from that school.

Legal positions

CJC Chief Justice of Canada These letters are uncommon outside of the practice of law.
CJA Chief Justice of a Superior Court of Appeal
CJ Chief Justice of a Superior Court
JA Superior Appeal Court Justice
J Superior Court Justice
Prov J Inferior Court Judge
CS Certified Specialist of The Law Society of Ontario Lawyers who are designated Certified Specialist are recognized and experienced in their field of law and have met high standards imposed by the Law Society of Ontario.[7] This is commonly identified as modern day replacement to the Queen's Counsel (QC) designation.[8]
Esq Used as an affectation, without any official sanction, for persons qualified to practise law. Rarely used by the holder of the title, but it can be found in some official contexts, such as the "appearances" section in the decisions of Canadian courts.

Historically, it was also occasionally used for esquires in the British context of the title.

Ad. E. Lawyer Emeritus Quebec Bar[9]

Academic orders, societies, academians

RMC Graduate of the Royal Military College of Canada Students who graduate from the Royal Military College of Canada, the Collège militaire royal de Saint-Jean (CMR), or the Royal Roads Military College (RRMC) having successfully completed the four interlocking components merit the "rmc" post nominal.

This post nominal is presented by the Minister of National Defence to individuals upon successful completion of the four components, which are academics (undergraduate degree), leadership, athletics, and bilingualism.[10][11]

FCAHS Fellow of Canadian Academy of Health Sciences
MCFP Member of The College of Family Physicians of Canada
CCFP Certificant of The College of Family Physicians of Canada
FCFP Fellow of The College of Family Physicians of Canada
FRCPC Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (Division of Medicine)
FRCSC Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (Division of Surgery)
DRCPSC Diplomate of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada
FRCD Fellow of the Royal College of Dentists of Canada
DipSportMed Diplomate of the Canadian Academy of Sport and Exercise Medicine
DCAPM Diplomate of the Canadian Academy of Pain Management
CPMHN(C) Certified in Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing by the Canadian Nurses Association[12]
ARCT Associate of the Royal Conservatory of Toronto (Royal Conservatory of Music)
FCGmA Fellow of the Canadian Gemmological Association
FRSA Fellow of the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce
FRSC
French: MSRC
Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
FRCA Fellow of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts established 1880[13]
RCA Member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts established 1880[13]
FCSI Fellow of the Canadian Securities Institute
FRCCO Fellow of the Royal Canadian College of Organists
FRCGS Fellow of the Royal Canadian Geographical Society
FCIC Fellow of the Chemical Institute of Canada
MCIC Member of the Chemical Institute of Canada
FRHSC Fellow of the Royal Heraldry Society of Canada
MRHSC Member of the Royal Heraldry Society of Canada
FRAIC Fellow of the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada
FCAMPT Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Manipulative Physical Therapists
FCAE Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering
FEIC Fellow of the Engineering Institute of Canada
FEC Fellow of Engineers Canada
FCIM Fellow of the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum
FCIP Fellow of the Canadian Institute of Planners
FCASI Fellow of the Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute
MRAIC Member of the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada
MCIP Member of the Canadian Institute of Planners
ARIDO Member of the Association of Registered Interior Designers of Ontario
OAA Member of the Ontario Association of Architects
MAIBC Member of the Architectural Institute of British Columbia

Professional qualifications

Art and graphic design

CCE Member of the Canadian Cinema Editors[14]
CSC Member of the Canadian Society of Cinematographers[15]
CDC Member of the Casting Directors Society of Canada[16]
CGD Certified Member of the Society of Graphic Designers of Canada[17]
RGD Certified Member of the Association of Registered Graphic Designers[18]

Dispute resolution

C.Med Chartered Mediator[19]
Q.Med Qualified Mediator[19]
C.Arb Chartered Arbitrator[19]
Q.Arb Qualified Arbitrator

Engineering

C.E.T. Certified Engineering Technologist[20]
EIT Engineer-in-Training/Engineering Intern[21]
P.Eng. Professional Engineer[22]
StrucEng Structural Engineer
CTech Certified Technician
CET Certified Engineering Technologist
P.Tech.(Eng.) Professional Technologist, Engineering
CBET(c) Certified Biomedical Engineering Technologist/Technician
On April 8, 1982, The Canadian Board of Examiners for Biomedical Engineering Technologists and Technicians was approved by the International Certification Commission (ICC) to certify Biomedical Engineering Technologists and Technicians in Canada.

Finance

CGA Certified General Accountant
CCP Certified Credit Professional In 1928, the Government of Canada created the Credit Institute of Canada (CIC) through a Special Act of Parliament. The mandate of the CIC is to provide rigorous training, examination and continuous learning to credit professionals who protect the wealth of Canada's companies and institutions. The Institute is the only government-recognized body in Canada to issue the CCP designation in the field of Commercial Credit.
CIRP Chartered Insolvency and Restructuring Professional[23]
CFA Chartered Financial Analyst
CIM Chartered Investment Manager
CMA Certified Management Accountant
CA Chartered Accountant
CPA Chartered Professional Accountant[24]
CPM Certified Payroll Manager
PCP Payroll Compliance Practitioner
(F)CIP (Fellow) Chartered Insurance Professional
CRM Canadian Risk Management
CIA Certified Internal Auditor

Land surveying

ALS Alberta Land Surveyor[25]
BCLS British Columbia Land Surveyor[26]
CLS Canada Lands Surveyor[27]
MLS Manitoba Land Surveyor
OLS Ontario Land Surveyor
SLS Saskatchewan Land Surveyor[28]

Medical

CCPE Canadian Certified Physician Executive
CHE Certified Health Executive[29]
PHN Public Health Nurse
RM Registered Midwife
RN Registered Nurse
RO Registered Optician
RRT Registered Respiratory Therapist
CCPA Canadian Certified Physician Assistant
RPSGT Registered Polysomnographic Technologist
NP Nurse Practitioner[30]
LPN Licensed Practical Nurse[31]
RPN Registered Psychiatric Nurse[32] Registered Practical Nurse
RPH Registered Pharmacist[33]
R.Kin [1] On June 4, 2007, the Kinesiology Act was enacted making the designation "Kinesiologist" a legal and protected designation in Ontario.
CBET(c) Certified Biomedical Engineering Technologist/Technician On April 8, 1982, The Canadian Board of Examiners for Biomedical Engineering Technologists and Technicians was approved by the International Certification Commission (ICC) to certify Biomedical Engineering Technologists and Technicians in Canada.
cdt Certified Dialysis Technologist/Technician On June 8, 2009, at the annual meeting of the International Certification Commission (ICC) in Baltimore Maryland, a revised certification program of The Canadian Board of Examiners for Biomedical Engineering Technologists and Technicians (BMET Board) that include a “cdt” designation for Certified Dialysis Technologists and Technicians was approved. The BMET Board changed its name to The Canadian Board of Examiners for Biomedical Engineering and Dialysis Technologists and Technicians, (Le Jury Canadien D’Accréditation en Génie Biomédical Pour Les Technologues et Les Techniciens) to reflect the addition of dialysis certification to the program.

Science

C.Chem Chartered Chemist[34] The Association of the Chemical Profession of Ontario (ACPO), legally constituted in 1963 by a provincial Act, sets strict academic standards for its members and monitors their professional and ethical conduct. These members are Chartered Chemists, permitted to use the designation C. Chem. after their names.
PGeo Professional Geoscientist[22]
PGeol Professional Geologist[22]
PGeoph Professional Geophysicist[22]
PPhys Professional Physicist
RPBio Registered Professional Biologist

Business, project management, and logistics

CBHF Companion of the Canadian Business Hall of Fame
OBHF Officer of the Canadian Business Hall of Fame
CAE Certified Association Executive
CHRP Certified Human Resources Professional
C.Dir Chartered Director[35]
C. Mgr. Chartered Manager[36]
CCLP CITT-Certified Logistics Professional[37]
ICD.D Institute of Corporate Directors, Director[38]
PMP Project Management Professional
PLog Professional Logistician[39]
CAPM Certified Associate in Project Management
PRP Professional Registered Parliamentarian
RP Registered Parliamentarian

Health and safety

CRSP Canadian Registered Safety Professional
CRST Canadian Registered Safety Technician
CPHI(C) Certificate in Public Health Inspection (Canada)[40]
CIC Certification in Infection Control

Other

A.Sc.T. Applied Science Technologist[20]
CCS Certified Customs Specialist[41]
CTC Certified Travel Councillor[42]
CTM Certified Travel Manager[42]
EP Environmental Professional[43]
GISP Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Professional[44]
ISP Information Systems Professional[45]
FEA Certified Family Enterprise Advisor and Member of the Institute of Family Enterprise Advisors[46]
P.Tech Professional Technologist[47]
GSC Gold Seal Certification[48] Organized by the Canadian Construction Association
GSI Gold Seal Certification - Intern[48]
MLT Medical Laboratory Technologist[49]
RD Registered Dietitian
RSE Red Seal Endorsement
RMT Registered Massage Therapist
RPF Forester (Registered Professional Forester)
RPP Registered Professional Planner
OCT Ontario Certified Teacher
MMP Maintenance Management Professional[50]
OCELT Ontario Certified English Language Teacher[51] The designation was granted in early 2017, and is automatically applied to accredited members of TESL Ontario.

Hereditary titles

Post-nominal Office Notes
Bt
Btss
Baronet or Baronetess A small number of baronetcies were created for Canadians, such as the Tupper baronetcy, and some still have living heirs. When used, it comes before all other Canadian honours. For more information, see Canadian peers and baronets.
UE United Empire Loyalists U.E. is based on Lord Dorchester's Order in Council in 1789, which was meant to differentiate loyalists from later settlers. Entitled to use these letters are descendants of:
  • Either male or female, as of 19 April 1775, a resident of the American colonies, and joined the Royal Standard prior to the Treaty of Separation of 1783, or otherwise demonstrated loyalty to the Crown, and settled in territory remaining under the rule of the Crown; or
  • a soldier who served in an American Loyalist Regiment and was disbanded in Canada; or
  • a member of the Six Nations of either the Grand River or the Bay of Quinte Reserve who is descended from one whose migration was similar to that of other Loyalists. (Dorchester Proclamation is found on uelac.org).[52]

British post-nominals used alongside Canadian ones

Any person who, prior to 1 June 1972, was a member of a British order or the recipient of a British decoration or medal may use the post-nominal letters for the decoration or medal together with those of any Canadian order, decoration or medal.

Canadians can still be awarded British medals, as well as those from other countries, but this must first be approved by the Government of Canada. (See Nickle Resolution)

Post-nominal Office Notes

British higher decorations

VC Victoria Cross The letters VC can also refer to the Canadian Victoria Cross, but that decoration has never been awarded.
GC George Cross

British orders

GCVO Knight or Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
KCVO
DCVO
Knight or Dame Commander of the Royal Victorian Order
CH Order of the Companions of Honour
CB Companion of the Order of the Bath
CMG Companion of the Order of St. Michael and St. George
CBE Commander of the Order of the British Empire
DSO Distinguished Service Order
OBE Officer of the Order of the British Empire
ISO Imperial Service Order
MBE Member of the Order of the British Empire

British decorations

RRC Member of the Royal Red Cross
DSC Distinguished Service Cross
MC Military Cross
DFC Distinguished Flying Cross
AFC Air Force Cross
SMV Star of Military Valour
SC Star of Courage
MSC Meritorious Service Cross
MMV Medal of Military Valour
MB Medal of Bravery
MSM Meritorious Service Medal
ARRC Associate of the Royal Red Cross
DCM Distinguished Conduct Medal
CGM Conspicuous Gallantry Medal
GM George Medal
DSM Distinguished Service Medal
MM Military Medal
DFM Distinguished Flying Medal
AFM Air Force Medal
QGM Queen's Gallantry Medal
BEM British Empire Medal

Orders without official post-nominals

Post-nominal Office Notes
GCStJ Bailiff or Dame Grand Cross of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem Officially, membership in the order does not grant any post-nominals, but these letters are used within the order itself. When used, these post-nominals are placed after all other national decorations.

Often shortened to the Most Venerable Order of St. John.

KStJ
DStJ
Knight or Dame of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem
CStJ Commander of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem
OStJ Officer of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem
SBStJ
SSStJ
Serving Member (Brother or Sister) of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem

See also

Notes and references

  1. ^ "1.08 University degrees, professional designations, military decorations, honours, awards and memberships". The Canadian Style. Public Works and Government Services Canada. 2017. Archived from the original on 27 March 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
  2. ^ "Order of Precedence". Governor General of Canada. 9 February 2017. Archived from the original on 27 March 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
  3. ^ a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2008-06-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. ^ Canada Gazette, February 9, 1974
  5. ^ Department of National Defence, Canadian Forces Dress Instructions (PDF), Queen's Printer for Canada, pp. 3–7-3, archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2011, retrieved 15 November 2010
  6. ^ The Chancellery of Honours, Rideau Hall, Guide for the Wearing of Orders, Decorations and Medals (PDF), Queen's Printer for Canada, p. 23, archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016, retrieved 1 December 2015
  7. ^ "About the Certified Specialists Program". The Law Society of Ontario. 13 February 2019. Archived from the original on 14 February 2019.
  8. ^ Alnaji, Yassir. "Bill 203:The Legal Profession Amendment Act (Queen's Counsel Appointments)". Manitoba Law Journal. 41 (1): 461.
  9. ^ Québec, Barreau du. "Lawyer Emeritus Distinction - Recognitions and Tributes - About the Barreau - Barreau du Québec". Barreau du Québec. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2014-11-27.
  10. ^ webmaster.rmc (23 March 2015). "RMC the University". www.rmc.ca. Archived from the original on 27 March 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
  11. ^ webmaster.rmc (23 March 2015). "Academic Regulations". www.rmc.ca. Archived from the original on 9 February 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
  12. ^ "404 Page Not Found". www.cna-aiic.ca. Archived from the original on 2008-04-19. Retrieved 2008-06-25. {{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help)
  13. ^ a b "Who We Are". The Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Archived from the original on 5 March 2015. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
  14. ^ "Home". CCE. Archived from the original on 2016-10-15. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  15. ^ "CSC - Home". www.csc.ca. Archived from the original on 2019-03-26. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  16. ^ User, Super. "Casting Directors Society of Canada - Welcome". www.castingsociety.ca. Archived from the original on 2017-06-26. Retrieved 2019-04-24. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  17. ^ "GDC - Canada's Professional Association for Design". www.gdc.net. Archived from the original on 2017-10-09. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  18. ^ "Distinguish Yourself as a Certified RGD". www.rgd.ca. Archived from the original on 2018-04-09. Retrieved 2018-04-08.
  19. ^ a b c "ADR Institute of Canada". www.adrcanada.ca. Archived from the original on 2011-08-16. Retrieved 2011-07-22.
  20. ^ a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-04-08. Retrieved 2016-03-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  21. ^ "Engineering Intern Program". Professional Engineers Ontario. Archived from the original on 21 February 2018.
  22. ^ a b c d "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-04-14. Retrieved 2019-04-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  23. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-07-06. Retrieved 2012-08-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  24. ^ "CPA Canada". cpacanada.ca. Archived from the original on 2011-09-10. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  25. ^ "Land Surveyors Act, RSA 2000, c L-3". CanLII. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2009-08-25.
  26. ^ "Land Surveyors Act". www.bclaws.ca.
  27. ^ "Canada Lands Surveyors Act" (PDF). laws-lois.justice.gc.ca. Canada Minister of Justice. 18 March 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  28. ^ "L-3.1: The Land Surveyors and Professional Surveyors Act", Statutes of Saskatchewan (PDF), 2014, archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-06-17, retrieved 2009-08-25
  29. ^ http://www.in1touch.com, in1touch. "CCHL / CCLS - The Canadian College of Health Leaders Page not found". www.cchl-ccls.ca. Archived from the original on 2011-07-27. Retrieved 2011-07-19. {{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help); External link in |last= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ "Nurse Practitioners". College of Nurses of Ontario. 2 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 September 2013. Retrieved 4 September 2013.
  31. ^ Licensed practical nurse in all Canadian jurisdictions with exception of Ontario where known as RPN or Registered Practical Nurse
  32. ^ British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Yukon
  33. ^ "About CPhA - English". www.pharmacists.ca. Archived from the original on 2012-02-25. Retrieved 2012-02-23.[failed verification]
  34. ^ "Association of the Chemical Profession of Ontario". acpo.on.ca. Archived from the original on 2017-05-03. Retrieved 2016-05-18.
  35. ^ "The Directors College". {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  36. ^ Canada, CIM Chartered Managers. "Home - CIM - Canadian Institute of Management". cim.ca. Archived from the original on 2019-01-19. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  37. ^ "CCLP Supply Chain Logistics Logistics Certification". www.citt.ca. Archived from the original on 2018-11-15. Retrieved 2018-11-14.
  38. ^ "Institute of Corporate Directors". {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  39. ^ "The Logistics Institute". www.loginstitute.ca. Archived from the original on 2018-07-17. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  40. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-07-25. Retrieved 2013-01-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  41. ^ "What is a CCS (Certified Customs Specialist) designation? | CSCB National Office". cscb.ca. Retrieved 2020-05-11.
  42. ^ a b CITC. "CITC - Canadian Institute of Travel Counsellors - CTC, CTM & BC Travel Insurance". secure.tico.ca. Archived from the original on 2016-04-07. Retrieved 2016-03-25.
  43. ^ "Environment Professional Certification - ECO Canada". Archived from the original on 2014-08-08. Retrieved 2014-08-02.
  44. ^ "GISCI (GIS Certification Institute)". Archived from the original on 2019-01-28. Retrieved 2019-01-27.
  45. ^ "I.S.P. Designation - Canada's Association of Information Technology Professionals". www.cips.ca. Archived from the original on 2015-02-19. Retrieved 2015-02-19.
  46. ^ "FEA Certification Requirements". FEA. Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2015-04-23.
  47. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-09-11. Retrieved 2018-09-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  48. ^ a b "Gold Seal Certification Program". www.goldsealcertification.com. Archived from the original on 2012-05-30. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
  49. ^ "Medical Laboratory Technologists (MLT)". csmls.org. Archived from the original on 2018-04-09. Retrieved 2018-04-08.
  50. ^ "Plant Engineering and Maintenance Association of Canada - Home: Plant Engineering and Maintenance Association of Canada". www.pemac.org. Archived from the original on 2019-03-08. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  51. ^ "Ontario Certified English Language Teacher or OCELT | TESL Ontario". www.teslontario.net. Archived from the original on 2017-03-22. Retrieved 2017-03-22.
  52. ^ "Lord Dorchester's Proclamation" (PDF). United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada. 9 November 1789. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 May 2008. Retrieved 25 June 2008.