List of historical capitals of Egypt

The current capital of Egypt is Cairo. Over the course of history, however, Egypt's capital has changed.

List of Egyptian capitals

• Memphis: (2950 BC – 2180 BC) – I – VIII dynasties
• Herakleopolis Magna: (2180 BC – 2060 BC) – IX and X dynasties
• Thebes: (2135 BC – 1985 BC) – XI dynasty
• Itjtawy: (1985 BC – c.1700 BC) – XII dynasty to XIII dynasty before Merneferre Ay
• Avaris: (1715 BC – 1580 BC) – XIV dynasty to XV dynasty (Hyksos)
• Thebes: (c.1700 BC – c. 1353 BC) – XIII dynasty possibly starting from Merneferre Ay, then XVI dynasty to XVIII dynasty before Akhenaten
• Akhetaten: (c. 1353 BC – c. 1332 BC) – Akhenaten of XVIII dynasty
• Memphis: (c. 1332 BC – 1279 BC) – XVIII dynasty and XIX dynasty until Seti I
• Pi-Ramesses: (1279 BC – 1078 BC) – XIX dynasty starting from Ramesses II and XX dynasty
• Tanis: (1078 BC – 945 BC) – XXI dynasty
• Bubastis/Tanis: (945 BC – 715 BC) – XXII dynasty
• Leontopolis/Thebes: (818 BC – 715 BC) – XXIII dynasty
• Sais: (725 BC – 715 BC) – XXIV dynasty
• Napata/Memphis (715 BC – 664 BC): The Kushite XXV dynasty rulers were based in Napata, Sudan but ruled Egypt from Memphis
• Sais: (664 BC – 525 BC) – XXVI dynasty

XXVII dynasty was Persian.

• Sais: (404 BC – 399 BC) – XXVIII dynasty
• Mendes: (399 BC – 380 BC) – XXIX dynasty
• Sebennytos: (380 BC – 343 BC) – XXX dynasty

XXXI dynasty was Greek/Roman.

• Alexandria: (332 BC – 641 AD) – Greco-Roman period

Muslim period:

• Fustat: (641 AD – 750 AD)
• Al-Askar: (750 – 868 AD)
• Al-Qata'i: (868 – 905 AD)
• Fustat: (905 – 972 AD)
• Cairo: the current capital since 972 AD

See also

• List of cities in Egypt
• New Administrative Capital of Egypt