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Göktürk family tree

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The Göktürk family tree refers to the ruling Ashina clan of the Turkic Khaganate, a vast medieval empire which stretched from northeast China to the Black Sea.[1] The following family tree is given in five sections:[2]

  1. The united empire up to 603 (death of Tardu Khagan)
  2. The west half of the empire which was ruled by yabgus in behalf of the central khagans up to 599 and the same half ruled independently after the empire was partitioned.
  3. East half of the empire after 603
  4. The reestablishment of the empire after 681 (Second Turkic Khaganate)
  5. West and east parts of the first empire

The color legend is as follows.

Khagan
(Emperor)		Ruler of
the east side		Ruler of
the west side

It can be seen that both the central empire and (later) the east wing were ruled by the descendants of Bumin and the west part was ruled by the descendants of İstemi with two exceptions;

  • Tardu, a yabgu of the west became the central khagan between 599-603 .
  • Yukuk, a shad (a prince) in the east wing became the ruler of the west wing.

In the following trees only those with reigning dates became khagan or yabgu.

First Empire (before the partitioning)

(Tuwu of Ashina house)
1. Bumin Khagan
(551-552)		İstemi[Note 1]
(551-576)
2.Issik Khagan
(552-554)		3.Mukan Khagan
(554-572)		Tardu Khagan[Note 2]
(576-603)		Tamgan
(Turksanf)
7.Ishbara Khagan
(581-587)		8.Bagha Khagan
(587-589)		5.Apa Khagan
(Talopien)		6.Ashina Anluo
(581-581)
9.Tulan Khagan
(589-599)

Eastern Turkic Empire (after 603)

Bagha Khagan
(587-589)
E1.Yami Qaghan
(603-609)
E2.Shibi Qaghan
(611-619)		E3.Chuluo Qaghan
(619-621)		E4.Illig Qaghan
(621-630)
Jiesheshuai
(Kürşat)		Yukuk Shad
(638-642)

Western Turkic Empire (after 603)

Tardu Khagan
(576-603)
TuliKülüg Sibir
(630-631)
Buyuruk
(Ni-ri)		Sheguy
(611-618)		Bagha ShadTong Yabgu
(618-630)
Taman
(603-611)		Böri ShadDulu Khan
(633-634)		Ishbara Tolis
(634-638)		Irbis Bolun Cabgu
(631-633)
(Khazars)Ishbara (Hallıg)
(651-658)		İl Küllig
Irbis Seguy
(642-651)

First Empire (United and partitioned together)


Ashina Tuwu
Bumin Khagan
(551-552)		İstemi
(551-576)
Issik Khagan
(552-554)		Mukan Khagan
(554-572)		Taspar Khagan
(572-581)		Tardu Khagan
(599-603)		Tamgan
Ishbara Khagan
(581-587)		Bagha Khagan
(587-589)		Apa KhaganAmrak
(581-581)		TuliKülüg Sibir
(630-631)
Tulan Khagan
(589-599)		Tolis Khagan
(603-609)		Buyuruk
(Ni-ri)		Sheguy
(611-618)		Bagha ShadTong Yabgu
(618-630)
Shibir Khagan
(611-619)		Chulu Khagan
(618-621)		Kat Il Khagan
(621-630)		Taman
(603-611)		Böri ShadDulu Khan
(633-634)		Ishbara Tolis
(634-638)		Irbis Bolun Cabgu
(631-633)
Jiesheshuai
(Kürşat)		Yukuk Shad
(638-642)		El Kulug Shad
Irbis Seguy
(642-651)

Second Empire

(Itmis Beg of Ashina House)
Kapaghan Khagan
(694-716)		Ilterish Khagan
(681-694)		Ashina Duoxifu
Inel Khagan
(716-717)		Bilge Khagan
(717-734)		Kül TiginPan Kül Tigin
Yollıg Khagan
(734-739)		Tengri Qaghan
(739-741)		Özmiş Khagan
(742-744)		Kulun Beg[Note 3]

Footnotes

  1. ^ Only as a yabgu.
  2. ^ 576-599 as the yabgu of the West and 599-603 as the khagan.
  3. ^ According to Taşağıl he was Özmiş Khagan's son.

References

  1. ^ Jean Paul Roux: Türklerin Tarihi (Historie des Turcs), tr:Prof Dr Aykut Kazancıgil, Lale Arslan Özcan, Kabalcı yayınevi, İstanbul, 2007, p 101.
  2. ^ L.M.Gümilev :Eski Türkler, trans:Ahsen Batur, Selenge yayınları, İstanbul, 2002, ISBN 975-7856-39-8, OCLC 52822672, pp.561-564
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