Jump to content

List of Axis personnel indicted for war crimes

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Staberinde (talk | contribs) at 16:59, 28 July 2020 (→‎Italian: not a war crimes judgement). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

The following is a list of people who were formally indicted for committing war crimes on behalf of the Axis powers during World War II, including those who were acquitted or never received judgement. It does not include people who may have committed war crimes but were never formally indicted, or who were indicted only for other types of crimes.

The Nuremberg trials

Main article: Nuremberg trials
  • Martin Bormann – Guilty, sentenced in absentia to death by hanging. Later proven he committed suicide to avoid capture at the end of World War II in Europe, and remains discovered in 1972 were conclusively proven to be Bormann by forensic tests on the skull in 1998. Nonetheless, Simon Wiesenthal, Hugh Thomas and Reinhard Gehlen refused to accept this. Gehlen further argued Bormann was the secret Russian double agent 'Sasha'.
  • Karl Dönitz – Guilty, sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment.
  • Hans Frank – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging
  • Wilhelm Frick – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging
  • Hans Fritzsche – Acquitted. Tried, convicted and sentenced to nine years' imprisonment by a separate West German denazification court. Released September 1950
  • Walther Funk – Guilty, sentenced to life imprisonment, released in 1957 due to poor health.
  • Hermann Göring – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging, committed suicide before execution.
  • Rudolf Hess – Guilty, sentenced to life imprisonment, committed suicide in prison in 1987.
  • Alfred Jodl – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging. Henri Donnedieu de Vabres called the verdict a mistake in 1947. In 1953, the denazification courts reversed the decision and found Jodl not guilty. Within months, the decision of the denazification court was itself overturned. His property, confiscated in 1946, was returned to his widow.
  • Ernst Kaltenbrunner – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging
  • Wilhelm Keitel – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging
  • Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach – Medically unfit for trial
  • Robert Ley – Committed suicide before his trial began
  • Konstantin von Neurath – Guilty, sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment (released 1954 on grounds of ill health)
  • Franz von Papen – Acquitted. Tried, convicted and sentenced to eight years' imprisonment by a separate West German denazification court. Released on appeal in 1949.
  • Erich Raeder – Guilty, sentenced to life imprisonment (released 1955 on grounds of ill health)
  • Joachim von Ribbentrop – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging
  • Alfred Rosenberg – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging
  • Fritz Sauckel – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging
  • Hjalmar Schacht – Acquitted
  • Baldur von Schirach – Guilty, sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment
  • Arthur Seyss-Inquart – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging
  • Albert Speer – Guilty, sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment
  • Julius Streicher – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging

Subsequent Nuremberg trials

Main article: Subsequent Nuremberg trials

The Doctors' Trial

Main article: Doctors' Trial

The Milch Trial

Main article: Milch Trial
  • Erhard Milch – Guilty, sentenced to life imprisonment, commuted to 15 years (released in 1954)

The Judges' Trial

Main article: Judges' Trial

The Pohl Trial

Main article: Pohl Trial
  • Hans Heinrich Baier – Guilty, sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment (released in 1951)
  • Hans Bobermin – Guilty, sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment, commuted to 15 years (released in 1951)
  • Franz Eirenschmalz – Guilty, sentenced to death, commuted to nine years' imprisonment
  • Heinz Karl Fanslau – Guilty, sentenced to 25 years' imprisonment, commuted to 15 years
  • August Frank – Guilty, sentenced to life imprisonment, commuted to 15 years
  • Hans Hohberg – Guilty, sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment (released in 1951)
  • Max Kiefer – Guilty, sentenced to life imprisonment, commuted to 20 years (released in 1951)
  • Horst Klein – Acquitted
  • Georg Lörner – Guilty, sentenced to death, commuted to 15 years
  • Hans Lörner – Guilty, sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment (released in 1951)
  • Karl Mummenthey – Guilty, sentenced to life imprisonment, commuted to 20 years
  • Oswald Pohl – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • Hermann Pook – Guilty, sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment (released in 1951)
  • Rudolf Scheide – Acquitted
  • Karl Sommer – Guilty, sentenced to death, commuted to 20 years' imprisonment
  • Erwin Tschentscher – Guilty, sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment (released in 1951)
  • Josef Vogt – Acquitted
  • Leo Volk – Guilty, sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment, commuted to 8 years

The Flick Trial

Main article: Flick Trial

The IG Farben Trial

Main article: IG Farben Trial

The Hostages Trial

Main article: Hostages Trial

The RuSHA trial

Main article: RuSHA trial

The Einsatzgruppen Trial

Main article: Einsatzgruppen trial

The Krupp Trial

Main article: Krupp Trial

The Ministries Trial

Main article: Ministries Trial

The High Command Trial

Main article: High Command Trial

The Auschwitz Trial

Main article: Auschwitz Trial

The Frankfurt Auschwitz Trials

Main article: Frankfurt Auschwitz Trials

The Dachau Trial

Main article: Dachau Trials

Dachau

Malmedy massacre trial (please note that these are the original sentences, a lot have been altered later)

  • Bersin, Valentin
  • Bode, Friedel
  • Braun, Willi
  • Briesemeister, Kurt
  • Christ, Friedrich – sentenced to death
  • Clotten, Roman
  • Coblenz, Manfred
  • Josef Diefenthal – sentenced to death
  • Josef Dietrich – sentenced to life imprisonment
  • Eckmann, Fritz
  • Fischer, Arndt
  • Georg Fleps – sentenced to death
  • Friedrichs, Heinz
  • Gebauer, Fritz
  • Godicke, Heinz
  • Goldschmidt, Ernst
  • Gruhle, Hans
  • Hammerer, Max
  • Hecht, Armin
  • Hendel, Willi – sentenced to death
  • Hennecke, Hans
  • Hillig, Hans
  • Hoffmann, Heinz
  • Hoffmann, Joachim – sentenced to death
  • Huber, Hubert
  • Jaekel, Siegfried
  • Junker, Benoni
  • Kies, Friedel – sentenced to death
  • Gustav Knittel – sentenced to life imprisonment
  • Kotzur, Georg
  • Fritz Krämer – sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment
  • Klingelhoefer, Oskar
  • Kuehn, Werner
  • Maute, Erich
  • Mikolaschek, Arnold
  • Motzheim, Anton
  • Meunkemer, Erich
  • Neve, Gustav
  • Ochmann, Paul Hermann
  • Joachim Peiper – sentenced to death
  • Pletz, Hans
  • Preuss, Georg
  • Hermann Priess – sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment
  • Rau, Fritz
  • Rauh, Theo
  • Rehagel, Heinz
  • Reiser, Rolf
  • Richter, Wolfgang
  • Rieder, Max
  • Ritzer, Rolf
  • Rodenburg, Axel
  • Rumpf, Erich
  • Schaefer, Willi
  • Von Schamier, Willi
  • Schwambach, Rudolf
  • Claus Schilling – Dachau camp doctor, sentenced to death for conducting experiments for malaria treatment on prisoners.
  • Sickel, Kurt
  • Siegmund, Oswald
  • Sievers, Franz
  • Siptrott, Hans
  • Sprenger, Gustac
  • Sternebeck, Werner
  • Heinz Stickel – sentenced to death
  • Stock, Herbert
  • Erwin Szyperski – sentenced to life imprisonment
  • Tomczak, Edmund
  • Heinz Tomhardt – sentenced to death
  • Tonk, August
  • Trettin, Hans
  • Wassenberger, Johann
  • Weis, Guenther
  • Werner, Erich
  • Wichmann, Otto
  • Zwigart, Paul

Buchenwald

Mauthausen

Main article: Mauthausen-Gusen camp trials

Flossenbürg

  • Konrad Blomberg – sentenced to death
  • Christian Mohr – sentenced to death
  • Ludwig Schwarz – sentenced to death
  • Bruno Skierka – sentenced to death
  • Albert Roller – sentenced to death
  • Erhard Wolf – sentenced to death
  • Josef Wurst – sentenced to death
  • Cornelius Schwanner – sentenced to death
  • Josef Hauser – sentenced to death
  • Christian Eisbusch – sentenced to death
  • Willi Olschewski – sentenced to death
  • August Ginschel – sentenced to death
  • Wilhelm Brusch – sentenced to death, commuted to life imprisonment
  • Karl Keiling – sentenced to death, commuted to life imprisonment
  • Alois Schubert – sentenced to death, commuted to life imprisonment
  • Ludwig Buddensieg – life imprisonment
  • Johann Geisberger – life imprisonment
  • Michael Gelhard – life imprisonment
  • Erich Mußfeldt – sentenced to death
  • Hermann Pachen – life imprisonment
  • Erich Penz – life imprisonment
  • Josef Pinter – life imprisonment
  • Alois Jakubith – life imprisonment
  • Karl Mathoi – life imprisonment
  • Georg Weilbach – life imprisonment
  • Raymond Maurer – 30 years' imprisonment
  • Gerhard Haubold – 20 years' imprisonment
  • Eduard Losch – 20 years' imprisonment
  • Walter Reupsch – 20 years' imprisonment
  • Kurt Erich Schreiber – 20 years' imprisonment
  • Hermann Sommerfeld – 15 years' imprisonment
  • August Fahrnbauer – 15 years' imprisonment
  • Peter Bongartz – 15 years' imprisonment
  • Walter Paul Adolf Neye – 15 years' imprisonment
  • Hans Johann Lipinski – 10 years' imprisonment
  • Gustav Matzke – 10 years' imprisonment
  • Karl Gräber – 10 years' imprisonment
  • Franz Berger – 3½ years' imprisonment
  • Joseph Becker – 1 year's imprisonment
  • Karl Buttner – Acquitted
  • Karl Friedrich Alois Gieselmann – Acquitted
  • Georg Hoinisch – Acquitted
  • Theodor Retzlaff – Acquitted
  • Peter Herz – Acquitted

Mühldorf

  • Franz Auer – sentenced to death
  • Dr. Erika Flocken – sentenced to death
  • Wilhelm Jergas – sentenced to death
  • Herbert Spaeth – sentenced to death
  • Otto Sperling – sentenced to death
  • Heinrich Engelhardt – life imprisonment
  • Hermann Giesler – life imprisonment
  • Karl Gickeleiter – 20 years' imprisonment
  • Wilhelm Griesinger – 20 years' imprisonment
  • Jakob Schmidberger – 20 years' imprisonment
  • Daniel Gottschling – 15 years' imprisonment
  • Wilhelm Bayha – 10 years' imprisonment
  • Karl Bachmann – Acquitted
  • Anton Ostermann – Acquitted

Dora-Nordhaussen

Main article: Dora Trial

The Belsen Trial

Main article: Belsen Trial

The Neuengamme Trials

  • Max Pauly – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • SS Dr Bruno Kitt – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • Anton Thumann – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • Johann Reese – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • Willy Warnke – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • SS Dr Alfred Trzebinski – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • Heinrich Ruge – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • Wilhem Bahr – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • Andreas Brems – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • Wilhelm Dreimann – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • Adolf Speck – Guilty, sentenced to death
  • Karl Totzauer – Guilty, sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment
  • Karl Wiedemann – Guilty, sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment
  • Walter Kümmel – Guilty, sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment

Bucharest People’s Tribunal

Main article: Romanian People's Tribunals
See also: Rehabilitation of war criminals in post-Communist Romania

International Military Tribunal for the Far East

Main article: International Military Tribunal for the Far East

(trials held in Tokyo)

Other trials were held at various locations in the Far East, by the United States, Australia, China, the United Kingdom, and other Allied countries. In all, a total of 920 Japanese military and naval personnel and civilians were executed following World War II.[1]

Khabarovsk War Crime Trials

Main article: Khabarovsk War Crime Trials

Others

Austrian

Croatian

Danish

  • Søren Kam – (1921–2015) Member of the Nazi Party of Denmark, who fled from Denmark to Germany after the war, and later became a German citizen. On September 21, 2006, Kam was detained in the German town of Kempten im Allgäu. He was wanted in Denmark for the assassination of Danish newspaper editor Carl Henrik Clemmensen in Copenhagen in August 1943.

Dutch

  • Pieter Menten, sentenced to 10 years in prison and fined 100,000 guilders for war crimes in 1980, released in 1986, died 1987.

Important Dutch collaborators sentenced by the special tribunals in The Netherlands in connection with the Second World War. There have been 14,562 convictions pronounced by the special tribunals, and 49,920 sentences by courts. The special tribunals sentenced in more than 10,000 cases to prison sentences of 3 years or more, and in 152 cases condemned the guilty persons to death, many of which were commuted to life sentences or less. The other courts decided in 30,784 cases on internment of 1 up to 10 years and in 38,984 cases on forfeit of certain civil rights.

German

  • Otto Abetz – Sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment in 1949, appealed in 1952, released in 1954
  • Richard Baer – Sturmbannführer, commander of the Auschwitz I concentration camp. Lived under the pseudonym of Karl Neumann after the War. Then discovered in 1960 and arrested.
  • Klaus Barbie – Sentenced to life imprisonment in 1987, died after serving four years' imprisonment
  • Heinz Barth – Convicted in 1983 for his involvement in the Oradour-sur-Glane massacre; released in 1997; died in 2007
  • Rudolf Batz – Lived for 15½ years after the war under assumed identity; captured at Bielefeld in November 1960; hanged himself in prison before trial
  • Alois Brunner – Escaped, worked for the Gehlen Organization
  • Friedrich Christiansen – Arrested, tried and convicted of war crimes and sentenced in 1948 to 12 years' imprisonment in Arnhem; Released prematurely in December 1951 on grounds of ill health; Died in Aukrug, Germany on December 3, 1972.
  • Kurt Christmann – SS-Obersturmbannführer and commander of Einsatzkommando 10a in Krasnodar, Russia; Arrested, tried and convicted under Article 6 of the IMT Statute (Crimes Against Humanity) and sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment on December 19, 1980; Died on April 4, 1987.[2]
  • Anton Dostler – Executed by an American firing squad in Italy on December 1, 1945
  • Luise Danz – Female guard at various concentration camps, including Plaszów, Majdanek, Auschwitz-Birkenau, and Malchow. Danz was brought to trial in 1996, but the charges were dismissed due to her advanced age and unfitness to stand trial
  • Adolf Eichmann – Lived for years in Argentina, captured by Israeli agents in 1960, convicted of high crimes against the Jewish nation and humanity, in Israel, and executed on June 1, 1962
  • Karl Frenzel – An Oberscharführer who served at Sobibór extermination camp. Frenzel aided in the implementation of the Final Solution, taking part in the industrial-scale extermination of thousands of prisoners as part of Operation Reinhard. Sentenced to life imprisonment in 1966 but released in 1982 due to his ill health.
  • Herbert Kappler – Sentenced by Italy to life imprisonment in 1947. Escaped from prison in 1977, then died in 1978
  • Fritz Knochlein – Responsible for Le Paradis massacre in 1940, tried, convicted, and hanged by the forces of the United Kingdom in 1949.
  • Emanuel Schäfer – Sentenced to six-and-a-half years' imprisonment, but died 1974
  • Kurt Meyer – Sentenced to execution by a Canadian military court, was put on Death Row at New Brunswick's Dorchester Penitentiary, later reduced to 14 years' imprisonment, served 10 years.

Hungarian

  • László Bárdossy – Prime Minister of Hungary from April 1941 to March 1942. Sentenced to death.
  • Béla Imrédy – Prime Minister of Hungary 1938–1939. Sentenced to death.
  • Ferenc Szálasi – puppet Prime Minister of Hungary from October 1944 to February 1945. Sentenced to death.
  • Döme Sztójay – Prime Minister of Hungary from March to August 1944. Sentenced to death.

Italian

  • Nicola Bellomo – sentenced to death by firing squad and executed on 11 September 1945.
  • Pietro Caruso – sentenced to death by firing squad and executed on 22 September 1944.
  • Guido Buffarini Guidi – executed 10 July 1945.
  • Pietro Koch – sentenced to execution by firing squad, sentence carried out 4 June 1945.

Japanese

Latvian

  • Konrāds Kalējs – Immigrated to Australia in 1950; moved to the United States in 1959; deported from the United States to Australia in 1994; fled from Australia to Canada in 1995; deported from Canada 1997; moved to England; and then to Australia. Died in Australia in 2001. A member of the Arajs Kommando.
  • Boļeslavs Makovskis – Fled from the United States to West Germany in 1987; put on trial in 1990; his trial was quashed.
  • Elmārs Sproģis – Exonerated in 1984.

Lithuanian

  • Vladas Zajanckauskas – In 2005 at the age 89, his U.S. citizenship was ordered revoked in 2007. He was ordered to be deported.

See also

References

  1. ^ Spackman, Chris; contributors (2002–2004). An Encyclopedia of Japanese History. {{cite book}}: |author2= has generic name (help)
  2. ^ "Kurt Christmann". Archived from the original on 2015-01-25.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Axis_personnel_indicted_for_war_crimes&oldid=969999507"