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Manuel Elkin Patarroyo

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In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Patarroyo and the second or maternal family name is Murillo.
Manuel Elkin Patarroyo
Manuel Elkin Patarroyo is on the right
Born
Manuel Elkin Patarroyo Murillo

(1946-11-03) November 3, 1946 (age 78)
Ataco, Tolima, Colombia
EducationNational University of Colombia (MD)
Known forSPf66 Malaria vaccine
Medical career
ProfessionDoctor
Institutions
Sub-specialtiesPathologist
ResearchImmunology
Awards

Manuel Elkin Patarroyo Murillo (born November 3, 1946)[1] is a Colombian Professor of Pathology and Immunology who made the world's first attempt to create a synthetic vaccine against a parasite called the protozoa Plasmodium falciparum that causes severe malaria,[2] a disease that causes death (~1.5 million people per year) in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of the Americas, Asia, and Africa.

The vaccine candidate, first developed in 1987 in Colombia, was evaluated in clinical trials carried out by the WHO in Gambia, Tanzania and Thailand, and had mixed results.[3] In 2009, a comprehensive Cochrane review assessed the SPf66 as being not efficacious in Africa and Asia, and as having a low but statistically significant efficacy of 28% in South America.[4] Today,[when?] after more than 33 years of research, there is still however no licensed malaria vaccine. Researchers and vaccine developers have been working on many approaches to bring forward the availability of a malaria vaccine."[5] More research and clinical trials are required for a universal vaccine to be implemented.

Patarroyo is a recipient of the TWAS Prize (1998).[6]

Scientific Work

Patarroyo started experimenting with animals since the decade of the 1980s, paying for wild monkeys captured in the Amazonian rainforest generating illegal traffic carried on by indigenous people who hunt the elusive monkeys for sale[7]

The Corporation for the Sustainable Development of the South of the Amazon (Corpoamazonía), has opened a file (number 000102) for complaints about irregularities committed by the FIDIC (Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia) research team led by Manuel Elkin Patarroyo. The Ministry of Environment, Housing and Territorial Development of Colombia carried out an investigation motivated by the Corpoamazonía denunciations, in which there were evidenced within the facilities of the FIDIC 627 monkeys of the species Aotus nancymaae [Night_monkey], which had only been registered in Brazil and Peru and not in Colombian territory.[8] The export of these animals was not registered in the permits of the administrative authorities. For 2008, the alleged illegal trade in this animal species is under investigation by the Colombian government against the FIDIC. On 2012 the Administrative Court of Cundinamarca in Colombia revoked the permits of experimenting with 4,000 night monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus) for Patarroyo's jungle laboratory[9] but in March 2015 the decision was reversed and the experiments with primates are allowed to continue.

In April 2016, Dr. Patarroyo was awarded the honorary doctorate from the Ricardo Palma University, in whose official ceremony there was a controversy against defenders of the biodiversity of Peruvian wildlife. Dr. Patarroyo, using in its clinical trials species of green-tailed monkeys Aotus nancymaae, using more than 4000 specimens, which returned to its wild state without spleen, deprived of immune system,[10] reason why it was recriminated in the mentioned act . The ecologists supported their accusations based on allegations in SERFOR of Peru, for which the investigator had no response.

In November 2016 a Colombian journalistic investigation reveals the traffic and the environmental impact of Patarroyo's investigation[11]

References

  1. ^ Fundación Príncipe de Asturias. Manuel Elkin Patarroyo Archived 2008-05-13 at the Wayback Machine (Spanish). Premiados, Investigación Científica y Técnica, 1994.
  2. ^ Holloway, M. (1996) Profile: Manuel Elkin Patarroyo – The Man Who Would Conquer Malaria, Scientific American 275(6), 52-56.
  3. ^ - Susan Aldridge, Magic Molecules: How Drugs Work (Cambridge University Press, 1998), p. 89
  4. ^ - Graves, P. M. and Gelband, H. (2009) Vaccines for preventing malaria (SPf66) (Review), The Cochrane Library 2009, (2), pp.1-38. Archived 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ - WHO (2010) Tables of Malaria Vaccine Projects Globally (Updated December 2010), Initiative for Vaccine Research.
  6. ^ "Prizes and Awards". The World Academy of Sciences. 2016.
  7. ^ Environmental Crime in Latin America: The Theft of Nature and the Poisoning on the land
  8. ^ Primate Rights vs Research: Battle in Colombian Rainforest
  9. ^ A legal victory for night monkeys. International Primate Protection League
  10. ^ Controversy Still Surrounds Malaria Vaccine
  11. ^ Hunting of the nocturnal monkey for scientific purposes threatens the species and devastates the environment(Spanish)
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