The 1992 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina were held on November 6, 1992 to select six Representatives for two-year terms from the state of South Carolina. The primary elections for the Democrats and the Republicans were held on June 9. Four incumbents were re-elected, but incumbent Democrat Liz J. Patterson of the 4th congressional district was defeated for re-election by Republican Bob Inglis. The open seat in the 6th congressional district remained with the Democrats and the composition of the state delegation after the elections was even at three Republicans and three Democrats.
South Carolina's congressional districts were redrawn following the 1990 census. The Republicans joined forces with the black Democrats in the state legislature to form a black-majority district; this gave the substantial minority the chance to elect candidates they favored. It also made the other districts predominately majority white by a greater margin, and these conservative voters had been favoring Republicans for some time.
The boundaries of the 6th congressional district were shifted from its previous northeast position in the state to the central part of the state and defined to include many black majority counties, as well as black precincts of Charleston and Columbia. Incumbent Democratic Congressman Robin Tallon opted to retire rather than run in a district that he considered unfavorable to a white candidate. Jim Clyburn won the Democratic primary and defeated Republican John Chase in the general election to succeed Tallon in office.