Carbonyl fluoride
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Carbonyl difluoride | |||
| Other names
Fluorophosgene; Carbon difluoride oxide; Fluoromethanoyl fluoride
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| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.941 | ||
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
| UN number | 2417 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |||
| COF2 | |||
| Molar mass | 66.01 g mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
| Density | 2.698 g/L (gas), 1.139 g/cm3 (liquid at melting point) | ||
| Melting point | −111.26 °C (−168.27 °F; 161.89 K) | ||
| Boiling point | −84.57 °C (−120.23 °F; 188.58 K) | ||
| reacts violently with water[1] | |||
| Vapor pressure | 55.4 atm (20°C)[1] | ||
| Structure | |||
| C2v | |||
| 0.95 D | |||
| Hazards | |||
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards
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Fatal if inhaled, reacts with water | ||
| GHS labelling: | |||
   
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| Danger | |||
| H280, H290, H314, H330, H331, H370 | |||
| P234, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P311, P320, P321, P363, P390, P403+P233, P404, P405, P410+P403, P501 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | Non-flammable | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible)
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none[1] | ||
REL (Recommended)
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TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) ST 5 ppm (15 mg/m3)[1] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger)
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N.D.[1] | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related compounds
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Phosgene Carbonyl bromide Formyl fluoride Thiocarbonyl chloride Acetone Urea Carbonic acid | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Carbonyl fluoride is a chemical compound with the formula COF2. This gas, like its analog phosgene, is colourless and highly toxic. The molecule is planar with C2v symmetry.
Preparation and properties
Carbonyl fluoride is usually produced as a decomposition product of fluorinated hydrocarbons in the thermal decomposition thereof, for example from trifluoromethanol or tetrafluoromethane in the presence of water:
- CF
4 + H
2O → COF
2 + 2HF
Carbonyl fluoride can also be prepared by reaction of phosgene with hydrogen fluoride and the oxidation of carbon monoxide, although the latter tends to result in over-oxidation to carbon tetrafluoride. The oxidation of carbon monoxide with silver difluoride is convenient:
- CO + 2AgF
2 → COF
2 + 2AgF
Carbonyl fluoride is unstable in the presence of water, hydrolyzing to carbon dioxide and hydrogen fluoride:[2]
- COF
2 + H
2O → CO
2 + 2HF
Safety
Carbonyl fluoride is toxic with a recommended exposure limit of 2 ppm as an 8-hour time weighted average and a 5 ppm as a short-term (15-minute average) exposure.[3]
References
- ^ a b c d e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0108". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ M. W. Farlow; E. H. Man; C. W. Tullock (1960). "Carbonyl Fluoride". Inorganic Syntheses. 6: 155–158. doi:10.1002/9780470132371.ch48.
- ^ "Carbonyl Fluoride". NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 2013-09-10.