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ATP rankings

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The ATP Rankings, as defined by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), are the "objective merit-based method used for determining qualification for entry and seeding in all tournaments for both (male) singles and doubles, except as modified for the ATP World Tour Finals (singles or doubles)."[1] The rankings period is "the immediate past 52 weeks, except for: Barclays ATP World Tour Finals, singles and doubles, which is dropped on the Monday following the last ATP World Tour event of the following year; Futures Series tournaments that are only entered into the system on the second Monday following the tournament's week. Once entered, all tournaments, except the Barclays ATP World Tour Finals, remain in the system for 52 consecutive weeks."[1]

History

The ATP began as the men's trade union in 1972 and rose to prominence when 81 of its members boycotted the 1973 Wimbledon Championships.[2] Just two months later, in August, the ATP introduced its ranking system intended to objectify tournament entry criteria, which up to that point was controlled by national federations and tournament directors.[3]

The ATP's new ranking system was quickly adopted by men's tennis.[4] While virtually all ATP members were in favor of objectifying event participation, the system's very first No. 1, Ilie Năstase, lamented that "everyone had a number hanging over them," fostering a more competitive and less collegial atmosphere among the players.[5]

The original ATP ranking criteria, which persisted through the 1980s, was based on averaging each player's results, though the details were revised a number of times.[3][4] Starting in 1990, in conjunction with the expansion of ATP purview as the new men's tour operator, the ranking criteria was replaced with a 'best of' system modeled after competitive downhill skiing.[4] This 'best of' system originally used 14 events but expanded to 18 in 2000.[4]

Overview

A player's ATP Ranking is based on the total points he accrued in the following 19 tournaments (18 if he did not qualify for the ATP World Tour Finals):

The requirement to play in four ATP World Tour 500 events does not apply to a player who was outside the top 30 in the previous year-end ranking; however, no more than four of his results from 500 level events may be counted.[1] For a better result within the same tour type to be transposed one has to wait for the expiry of the first worse result from previous year. It only expires at the drop date of that tournament and only if the player reached a worse result or hasn't entered the current year.

The Monte-Carlo Masters 1000 became optional in 2009, but if a player chooses to participate in it, its result are counted and his fourth-best result in an ATP 500 event is ignored (his three best ATP 500 results remain). If a player doesn't play enough ATP 500 events and does not have an ATP 250 or Challenger appearance with a better result, the Davis Cup is counted in the 500's table.[7] The World Team Cup was also included before its cancellation in 2012.

For the Davis Cup points, point are only distributed for the World Group countries and instead of having an exact drop date they are gradually updated at each phase of the cup (compared to the results of the player from previous year and arranged his total sum of Davis Cup points to it. E.g. if a player played two matches in a semifinal but plays one the next year only that one missing match will be extracted from his points).[7]

A player who is out of competition for 30 or more days, due to a verified injury, will not receive any penalty. The ATP World Tour Finals will count as an additional 19th tournament in the ranking of its eight qualifiers at season's end.[8]

For every Grand Slam tournament or mandatory ATP World Tour Masters 1000 tournament for which a player is not in the main draw, and was not (and, in the case of a Grand Slam tournament, would not have been, had he and all other players entered) a main draw direct acceptance on the original acceptance list, and never became a main draw direct acceptance, the number of his results from all other eligible tournaments in the ranking period that count for his ranking is increased by one.[1]

Once a player is accepted in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament or ATP World Tour Masters 1000 tournament,[c] his result in this tournament counts for his ranking, regardless of whether he participates. A player's withdrawal from an ATP World Tour 500 event, regardless of whether the withdrawal was on time, results in a zero point included as one of his best of four results. Further non-consecutive withdrawals results in a zero point allocation replacing the next best positive result for each additional withdrawal.[1]

Players with multiple consecutive withdrawals who are out of competition for 30 days or longer because of injury are not subject to a ranking penalty as long as verified and approved medical forms are provided; or, a player will not have the ranking penalty imposed if he completes the Promotional Activities requirement as specified under "Repeal of Withdrawal Fines and/or Penalties" or if the on-site withdrawal procedures apply. Players may also appeal withdrawal penalties to a Tribunal who will determine whether the penalties are affirmed or set aside.[1]

Between 2000 and 2012, ranking points were awarded based on results in the Summer Olympics. This was changed before the 2016 Olympics where no ranking points were awarded.[9]

Ranking method

Since the introduction of the ATP rankings the method used to calculate a player's ranking points has changed several times.[10][11]

Current points distribution (2016 – present)

Beginning in 2016 season, no points are awarded for Davis Cup ties,[12] nor for the tennis tournament at the Summer Olympics.[13]

Points distribution (2009 – 2015)

Ranking points are awarded as follows:[14]

Tournament category W F SF QF R16 R32 R64 R128 Q Q3 Q2 Q1
ATP Tour
Grand Slam 2000 1300 800 400 200 100 50 10 30 16 8
ATP Finals +900
(1500 max)		 +400
(1000 max)		 200 for each round robin match win
(600 max)
ATP Masters 1000 (96D) 1000 650 400 200 100 50 30 10 20 10
ATP Masters 1000 (56D) 1000 650 400 200 100 50 10 30 16
ATP 500 series (48D) 500 330 200 100 50 25 16 8
ATP 500 series (32D) 500 330 200 100 50 25 13
ATP 250 series (48D) 250 165 100 50 25 13 8 4
ATP 250 series (32D) 250 165 100 50 25 13 7
ATP Challenger Tour
Challenger 175 175 90 50 25 13 6 3
Challenger 125 125 64 35 16 8 5 3
Challenger 100 100 50 25 14 7 4 2
Challenger 75 75 44 22 12 6 4 2
Challenger 50 50 25 14 8 4 3 1
ITF Men's World Tennis Tour
Futures M25 25 16 8 3 1
Futures M15 15 8 4 2 1


  • (ATP 1000 series) Qualifying points changes to 16 points only if the main draw is larger than 56
  • (ATP 500 series) Qualifying points changes to 10 points only if the main draw is larger than 32
  • (ATP 250 series) Qualifying points changes to 5 points only if the main draw is larger than 32

In addition qualifiers and main draw entry players will then also receive the points in brackets for the rounds they reached.[15]

Davis Cup
Rubber category Match win Match loss Team bonus Performance bonus Total achievable
Singles Play-offs 5 / 101 15
First round 40 102 80
Quarterfinals 65 130
Semifinals 70 140
Final 75 753 1254 150 / 2253 / 2754
Cumulative total 500 500 to 5353 6254 6254
Doubles Play-offs 10 10
First round 50 102 50
Quarterfinals 80 80
Semifinals 90 90
Final 95 355 95 / 1305
Cumulative total 315 3505 3505

The Davis Cup World Group and World Group Play-Off matches awarded ATP Ranking points from 2009 to 2015.[16]

Glossary

Only live matches earn points; dead rubbers earn no points. If a player does not compete in the singles of one or more rounds he will receive points from the previous round when playing singles at the next tie. This last rule also applies for playing in doubles matches.[16]

1 A player who wins a singles rubber in the first day of the tie is awarded 5 points, whereas a singles rubber win in tie's last day grants 10 points for a total of 15 available points.[16]

2 For the first round only, any player who competes in a live rubber, without a win, receives 10 ranking points for participation.[16]

3 Team bonus awarded to a singles player who wins 7 live matches in a calendar year and his team wins the competition.[16]

4 Performance bonus awarded to a singles player who wins 8 live matches in a calendar year. In this case, no Team bonus is awarded.[16]

5 Team bonus awarded to an unchanged doubles team who wins 4 matches in a calendar year and his team wins the competition.[16]

Previous points distribution (until 2008)

Template:ATP Entry Ranking Points Distribution 2008

Current rankings

See also: 2016 ATP World Tour

Number one ranked players

Main article: List of ATP number 1 ranked singles players

The following is a list of players who have achieved the number one position in singles since the inception of the rankings in 1973 (active players in green):

# Player Date reached Total weeks
1 Romania Ilie Năstase August 23, 1973 40
2 Australia John Newcombe June 3, 1974 8
3 United States Jimmy Connors July 29, 1974 268
4 Sweden Björn Borg August 23, 1977 109
5 United States John McEnroe March 3, 1980 170
6 Czechoslovakia Ivan Lendl February 28, 1983 270
7 Sweden Mats Wilander September 12, 1988 20
8 Sweden Stefan Edberg August 13, 1990 72
9 Germany Boris Becker January 28, 1991 12
10 United States Jim Courier February 10, 1992 58
11 United States Pete Sampras April 12, 1993 286
12 United States Andre Agassi April 10, 1995 101
13 Austria Thomas Muster February 12, 1996 6
14 Chile Marcelo Ríos March 30, 1998 6
15 Spain Carlos Moyá March 15, 1999 2
16 Russia Yevgeny Kafelnikov May 3, 1999 6
17 Australia Patrick Rafter July 26, 1999 1
18 Russia Marat Safin November 20, 2000 9
19 Brazil Gustavo Kuerten December 4, 2000 43
20 Australia Lleyton Hewitt November 19, 2001 80
21 Spain Juan Carlos Ferrero September 8, 2003 8
22 United States Andy Roddick November 3, 2003 13
23 Switzerland Roger Federer February 2, 2004 302
24 Spain Rafael Nadal August 18, 2008 141
25 Serbia Novak Djokovic July 4, 2011 223
26 United Kingdom Andy Murray November 7, 2016 9

Last update: January 2, 2017

Year-end number one players

Main articles: List of ATP number 1 ranked singles players and List of ATP number 1 ranked doubles players

Singles

Doubles

Players with highest career rank 2–5

See also: Open Era tennis records – men's singles § ATP Rankings achievements

The following is a list of players who were ranked world No.5 or higher but not No.1 in the period since the 1973 introduction of the ATP computer rankings (active players in green):

See also

Notes

  1. ^ In weeks where there are not four Grand Slam tournaments and eight ATP World Tour Masters 1000 tournaments in the ranking period, the number of a player's best results from all eligible tournaments in the ranking period will be adjusted accordingly.
  2. ^ At least one of these tournaments must follow the US Open.
  3. ^ "Accepted" means a direct acceptance, a qualifier, a special exempt, or a lucky loser, or having accepted a wild card.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f "2009 ATP World Tour - Rulebook, Chapter IX, ATP Rankings". Retrieved 2012-07-25.
  2. ^ Tignor, Steve (19 March 2015). "1973: The men boycott Wimbledon and shift power to the players". tennis.com. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
  3. ^ a b Buddell, James (23 August 2013). "The Rankings That Changed Tennis (Part I)". atpworldtour.com. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
  4. ^ a b c d Buddell, James (23 August 2013). "The Rankings That Changed Tennis (Part II)". atpworldtour.com. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
  5. ^ Tignor, Steve (26 March 2015). "1973: The ATP institutes computer rankings". tennis.com. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
  6. ^ "Rankings FAQ". Atpworldtour.com. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
  7. ^ a b "Frequently Asked Questions". atpworldtour.com. Retrieved 2011-03-13.
  8. ^ "Rankings-FAQ". ATP World Tour.
  9. ^ Rothenberg, Ben (2016-05-29). "Points and Prize Money Mean More to Olympic Tennis Holdouts". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-08-15.
  10. ^ Douglas Robson (22 August 2013). "Happy 40th birthday, ATP computer rankings". USA Today.
  11. ^ Simon Cambers (15 February 2013). "40 years on, how have the ATP World Rankings developed?". www.wimbledon.com. AELTC. Archived from the original on 2015-12-31. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 2014-12-31 suggested (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ "Rankings | FAQ | ATP World Tour | Tennis". ATP World Tour. Retrieved 2016-11-28.
  13. ^ "ITF confirms no ATP points will be assigned at Olympic Games in Rio 2016". Tennis World. Retrieved 2016-11-28.
  14. ^ "ATP Rankings FAQ". ATP.
  15. ^ "Tennis - ATP World Tour - Rankings FAQ". ATP World Tour. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g "The 2015 ATP® Official Rulebook" (pdf). 2015-01-18. Archived (pdf) from the original on 2019-07-24. Retrieved 2016-03-05.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ATP_rankings&oldid=752048120"