Algonquian–Basque pidgin

Algonquian–Basque pidgin
Algonquian–Basque pidgin
Region	Gulf of Saint Lawrence
Era	16th to 18th century
Language family	Basque-based pidgin
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (mis)
Glottolog	basq1252
	Basque fishing sites (in French)

The Algonquian–Basque pidgin was a pidgin spoken by the Basque whalers and various Algonquian peoples.^[1] It was spoken near the Saint Lawrence River. It was last attested in 1710.^[1]

There were three groups of First Nations that the Basque people distinguished. The ones with which they had good relations were the Montagnais and the Iroquois. They also knew of the Inuit, whom they considered hostile. The Basque people referred to them as the Montaneses, the Canaleses and the Esquimoas, respectively.^[2]

Sample words

Pidgin	Original language	English translation
Normandia	Normandia (eu), 'Normandy'	French
kir	kir (mic)	you
ania	anaia (eu)	brother
capitana	capitaina (eu), kapitaina in Standard Basque	captain
endia	andia (eu), handia in Standard Basque	large
chave	chave (roa)	know

^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Bakker, Peter (1989). ""The Language of the Coast Tribes is Half Basque": A Basque-American Indian Pidgin in Use between Europeans and Native Americans in North America, ca. 1540-ca. 1640". Anthropological Linguistics. 31 (3/4): 117–147. JSTOR 30027995.
^ Echoes from the Past
^ Gray, Edward (2000). The Language Encounter in the Americas, 1492-1800. Berghahn Books. p. 342. ISBN 9781571812100.

[:0-1] Bakker, Peter (1989). ""The Language of the Coast Tribes is Half Basque": A Basque-American Indian Pidgin in Use between Europeans and Native Americans in North America, ca. 1540-ca. 1640". Anthropological Linguistics. 31 (3/4): 117–147. JSTOR 30027995.

[2] Echoes from the Past

[3] Gray, Edward (2000). The Language Encounter in the Americas, 1492-1800. Berghahn Books. p. 342. ISBN 9781571812100.

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