Bánh
 Bánh bèo, bột lọc, and nem chua | |
| Type | Cakes and breads |
|---|---|
| Place of origin | Vietnam |
| Main ingredients | Usually rice flour, wheat flour, pressed glutinous rice, or tapioca |
In Vietnamese, the term bánh (Vietnamese pronunciation: [ɓaʲŋ˧˥] or Vietnamese pronunciation: [ɓan˧˥]) translates loosely as "cake" or "bread", referring to a wide variety of prepared foods.[1] With the addition of qualifying adjectives, bánh refers to a wide variety of sweet or savoury, distinct cakes, buns, pastries, sandwiches, and other food items, which may be cooked by steaming, baking, frying, deep-frying, or boiling. Foods made from rice or wheat flour are generally called bánh, but the term may also refer to certain varieties of noodle and fish cake dishes, such as bánh canh and bánh hỏi.
Each variety of bánh is designated by a descriptive word or phrase that follows the word bánh, such as bánh bò (literally "cow cake" or "crawling cake") or bánh chuối (literally "banana cake"). Bánh that are wrapped in leaves before steaming are called bánh lá (literally "leaf cakes").
| Bánh | |
|---|---|
| Vietnamese name | |
| Vietnamese alphabet | bánh |
| Chữ Nôm | 餅[2] |
In Vietnamese, the term bánh is not limited to Vietnamese cuisine: it applies equally to items as varied as fortune cookies (bánh may mắn), pudding, caramel custard (bánh caramen), and sacramental bread (Bánh Thánh). In some cases, the word can also refer to inedibles that have a cake-like shape, such as car tires, bath soaps, and compressed tobacco wheels.
Varieties
There is a nearly endless variety of named dishes with the prefix bánh. What follows is a list of the most typical traditional varieties of bánh.
Noodles
- Bánh canh - tapioca noodles which are cut from a large sheet.
- Bánh hỏi - extremely thin noodles that are woven into intricate bundles and often topped with chopped scallions and a complementary meat dish
- Bánh phở - The steamed flat and thin cake made from rice flour and water before being cut into strips. The strips are not only called Bánh phở but also "con phở" or "cọng phở," noodles that are used in phở. The width of the strips is usually around 1cm or less.
Dumplings
- Bánh bá trạng (Bak Chang dumplings) - like Chinese zongzi[3]
- Bánh baophoto - ball-shaped bun filled with pork and/or other ingredients
- Bánh bột lọc - tapioca cake packed with shrimp[4]
- Bánh cam - deep-fried glutinous rice sesame balls filled with sweetened mung bean paste; from southern Vietnam
- Bánh ít - small stuffed glutinous rice flour balls
- Bánh ít trầnphoto - "naked" small stuffed glutinous rice flour balls
- Bánh khúcphoto - glutinous rice ball
- Bánh nậmphoto - flat rice flour dumpling from Hue stuffed with minced pork and mushroom, and seasoned with pepper and spices; wrapped in a banana leaf
- Bánh phu thêphoto - (literally "husband and wife cake"; a sweet cake made of rice or tapioca flour and gelatin, filled with mung bean paste; also spelled bánh xu xê)
- Bánh phu thê bột bán (husband and wife cakes made with tapioca pearls)
- Bánh rán - deep-fried glutinous rice sesame balls filled with sweetened mung bean paste; from northern Vietnam
- Bánh tẻ, small steamed rice cake wrapped with Lá dong leaves into a long, thin cylindrical shape, and boiled thoroughly.
Pancakes
- Bánh bèophoto - small steamed savory rice cakes
- Bánh cănphoto - a southern specialty consisting of small pancakes made with quail eggs, cooked in small clay pans
- Bánh đúc, rice cake or corn cake eaten as a dessert or savory meal
- Bánh rế - deep-fried pancake
- Bánh khọtphoto - a southern specialty consisting of small, fried rice flour pancakes
- Bánh xèo - a fried rice cake with shrimp and pork
Rolls
- Bánh cuốn - steamed rice roll
- Bánh tôm - shrimp patties
Rice paper
- Bánh tráng - rice paper
- Bánh ướt - steamed rice paper
Sandwiches
- Bánh mì - Vietnamese sandwich
Sweet cakes
- Bánh bò - "cow cake," made from glutinous rice flour and coconut milk, with a honeycomb-like texture
- Bánh cáy, rectangular-shaped sweet dessert made by roasting and grinding glutinous rice and other ingredients
- Bánh da lợn - colored steamed layer cake made from tapioca starch, rice flour, coconut milk and/or water, sugar, and other ingredients
- Bánh đúc - rice cake or corn cake eaten as a dessert or savory meal
- Bánh chuối - banana cake
- Bánh khoai môn - taro cake
- Bánh tiêu - hollow doughnutsphoto
- Bánh trung thu - mooncake
- Bánh khoai mì - sweet cassava cake
Dishes for special occasions
- Bánh chưng - square-shaped steamed glutinous rice dumpling wrapped in a dong leaf (lá dong)
- Bánh tét - log-shaped cylindrical glutinous rice cake, wrapped in a banana leaf and filled with a meat or vegetarian filling
- Bánh trôi photo ( literally "floating rice cake") - served together with bánh chay
- Bánh tô - a round, golden/taupe colored, sticky cake served for new years. It's made of glutinous rice flour, sugar, water, and soybean oil. Like the Chinese new year cake, neen gow, the bánh tô is cut into thin slices then dipped in egg and fried before serving. This is an uncommon pastry and it's said the shape represents a wheel. It is sometimes decorated with white sesame seeds and red food coloring. (cf Kue Keranjang in Indonesia)
Others
- Bánh bông hồngphoto
- Bánh bông lan - sponge cake
- Bánh chay - served together with bánh trôi
- Bánh cốm - green rice cake made using cốm with mung bean filling
- Bánh đa (Northern) or Bánh tráng nướng (Southern)- rice cracker
- Bánh đậu xanhphoto - sweet mung bean paste
- Bánh dứa
- Bánh gai - made from the leaves of the "gai" tree (Boehmeria nivea) dried, boiled, ground into small pieces, then mixed with glutinous rice, wrapped in banana leaf. The filling is made from a mixture of coconut, mung bean, peanuts, winter melon, sesames, and lotus seeds.
- Bánh giầy, also written as bánh dầy - white, flat, round glutinous rice cake with tough, chewy texture filled with mung bean or served with Vietnamese sausage (Giò lụa)
- Bánh giò - pyramid shaped rice dough dumplings filled with pork, shallot, and wood ear mushroom wrapped in banana leaf[5]
- Bánh ít lá gai - triangular dumpling wrapped in ramie leaf, similar to Chinese zongzi
- Bánh kẹp - Vietnamese waffle cookies made from rice flour - like a Pizzelle
- Bánh kẹp lá dứa - pandan waffle
- Bánh mật - Molasses-sweetened glutinous rice cake (filled with green bean paste or groundnut)
- Bánh lá dừa - Cake wrapped in coconut leaf
- Bánh phồng tôm - prawn cracker
- Bánh phục linh
- Bánh quế
- Bánh tráng mè
See also
- Bánh at Vietnamese Wikipedia
- Bing (Chinese flatbread)
- Mochi
- List of steamed foods
- Vietnamese cuisine
References
- ^ Richard Sterling Banh World Food: Vietnam Lonely Planet, 2000 ISBN 1-86450-028-X, 9781864500288 254 pages
- ^ Taberd, Jean-Louis. bánh. p. 16.
{{cite encyclopedia}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ "Playing with My Food: Bánh Bá Trạng (Bak Chang Dumplings)". Retrieved 29 December 2014.
- ^ "Hue Dictionary". NetCoDo. Retrieved 24 September 2010.
- ^ "Mom's Recipes: Bánh Giò". Miss.Adventure @Home. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bánh.
Look up bánh in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.