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Baarle-Hertog

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"Baerle-Duc" redirects here. For the French town, see Bar-le-Duc.
Baarle-Hertog
Municipality
Former town hall
Former town hall
Flag of Baarle-Hertog
Flag
Coat of arms of Baarle-Hertog
Coat of arms
Location of Baarle-Hertog
Map
Country Belgium
CommunityFlemish Community
RegionFlemish Region
ProvinceAntwerp
ArrondissementTurnhout
Government
 • MayorLeo van Tilburg (CDK)
 • Governing party/iesCDK
Area
 • Total
7.41 km2 (2.86 sq mi)
Population
 (2020-01-01)[1]
 • Total
2,865
 • Density390/km2 (1,000/sq mi)
Postal codes
2387
NIS code
13002
Area codes014
WebsiteOfficial website

Baarle-Hertog (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌbaːrlə ˈɦɛrtɔx]) is a Flemish municipality of Belgium, much of which consists of a number of small Belgian exclaves in the Netherlands.

While some of its territory consists of exclaves in the Dutch province of North Brabant, it is part of the Belgian province of Antwerp. On 1 January 2006 Baarle-Hertog had a population of 2,306. The total area is 7.48 square kilometres (2.89 square miles) which gives a population density of 308 inhabitants per km² (798 inhabitants/sq mi).

Geography

Border with Baarle-Nassau

Map showing the enclaves of Baarle-Hertog

Baarle-Hertog is noted for its complicated borders with Baarle-Nassau, Netherlands.[2] In total it consists of 24 separate parcels of land. The main division of Baarle-Hertog is Zondereigen (named after its main hamlet), located north of the Belgian town of Merksplas. In addition there are twenty Belgian exclaves in the Netherlands and three other sections on the Dutch-Belgian border. There are also seven Dutch exclaves within the Belgian exclaves. Six of these Dutch enclaves are located within the largest Belgian enclave, and a seventh in the second-largest Belgian enclave. An eighth Dutch exclave is located nearby Ginhoven.

Some houses in the town of Baarle-Hertog/Baarle-Nassau are divided between the two countries. At one time, according to Dutch laws restaurants had to close earlier. For some restaurants on the border this simply meant that the customers had to move to a table on the Belgian side.[3] The border's complexity results from a number of equally complex medieval treaties, agreements, land-swaps and sales between the Lords of Breda and the Dukes of Brabant. Generally speaking, predominantly agricultural or built environments became constituents of Brabant and other parts devolved to Breda. These distributions were ratified and clarified as a part of the border settlements agreed under the Treaty of Maastricht in 1843.

Many fireworks shops are found in Baarle-Hertog, owing to Belgian laws controlling the sale of fireworks that are more lenient than those in the Netherlands. Close to the end of the year many Dutch tourists come to Baarle-Hertog to buy fireworks to celebrate the New Year.

Two villages in the municipality, Zondereigen and Ginhoven, are located in the main territory of Belgium.

  • Cafe in Baarle-Nassau, showing border between Belgium and the Netherlands
    Cafe in Baarle-Nassau, showing border between Belgium and the Netherlands
  • Church of Saint Remigius
    Church of Saint Remigius

List of enclaves

Netherlands enclaves

These are all part of Baarle-Nassau Commune.

Serial No. and Local Name [4] Area (ha) Notes
Netherlands N1, De Loversche Akkers – De Tommelsche Akkers 5.3667 Counter-enclave surrounded by Belgian exclave H1, in Baarle-Hertog; contains a mix of dwellings and farmland; boundary of N1 and H1 runs through one building.
Netherlands N2, De Tommelsche Akkers 1.3751 Counter-enclave surrounded by Belgian exclave H1, in Baarle-Hertog; contains 8 dwellings.
Netherlands N3, De Tommelsche Akkers 0.2863 Counter-enclave surrounded by Belgian exclave H1, in Baarle-Hertog; boundary of N3 and H1 bisects the loading dock of a liquor store.
Netherlands N4, De Rethsche Akkers 1.2324 Counter-enclave surrounded by Belgian exclave H1, in Baarle-Hertog; boundary of N4 and H1 runs through a warehouse, with vacant Dutch land to the rear of the warehouse.
Netherlands N5, De Rethsche Akkers 1.9212 Counter-enclave surrounded by Belgian exclave H1, in Baarle-Hertog; boundary of N5 and H1 runs through a furniture showroom, a shed and a barn.
Netherlands N6, Gierle Straat 1.4527 Counter-enclave surrounded by Belgian exclave H1, in Baarle-Hertog; consists of farmland with two buildings.
Netherlands N7, De Kastelein 0.5812 Counter-enclave surrounded by Belgian Oordeel exclave H8, in Baarle-Hertog; occupies part of a field.
Netherlands N8, Vossenberg 2.8528 Farmland enclave situated within Zondereigen, Belgium, less than 50 meters south of the Dutch border.

Belgian enclaves

These are all part of Baarle-Hertog Commune, and are surrounded by Baarle-Nassau Commune (Netherlands).

Serial No. and Local Name [4] Area (ha) Notes
Belgium H1, Aen het Klooster Straetje - Hoofdbraek - Loveren - De Boschcovensche Akkers - De Loversche Akkers - De Tommelsche Akkers - De Tommel - De Gierle Straat - De Reth - De Rethsche Akkers - Het Dorp - De Kapel Akkers - De Kastelein 153.6448 Forms a quadripoint with enclave H2; largest Belgian exclave; encompasses six Dutch enclaves; consists of dwellings for the most part, with outlying farmland and an industrial area; boundary runs through numerous buildings; contains a portion of the former Turnhout-Tilburg rail line, now a cycle path.
Belgium H2, De Rethsche Akkers 2.4116 Consists of farmland with a single point of connection (quadripoint) between enclaves H1 and H2 in the middle of a corn field.
Belgium H3, De Rethsche Akkers 0.3428 Occupies part of a field; boundary runs through a shed in one instance.
Belgium H4, De Rethsche Akkers 1.476 Consists of farmland; boundary runs through a house and three sheds.
Belgium H5, De Kapel Akkers 0.9245 Consists of farmland with a dwelling.
Belgium H6, Hoofdbraek 1.7461 Mixed land usage; boundary runs through a warehouse/factory.
Belgium H7, De Loversche Akkers 0.2469 Boundary runs through two dwellings, including the middle of one front door (giving it two house numbers: Loveren 2, Baarle-Hertog / Loveren 19, Baarle-Nassau).
Belgium H8, Boschcoven - De Kastelein - De Oordelsche Straat 41.8781 Second-largest Belgian exclave, contains a mix of dwellings and farmland; boundary runs through a barn, a dwelling and two businesses.
Belgium H9, De Kapel Akkers 0.4005 Boundary runs through a printing factory/warehouse in an industrial area.
Belgium H10, De Oordelsche Straat 0.65 Consists of farmland.
Belgium H11, De Oordelsche Straat 0.93 Consists of farmland.
Belgium H12, Boschcoven 0.2822 Consists of farmland.
Belgium H13, Boschcoven 1.5346 Boundary runs through about 20 dwellings.
Belgium H14, Boschcoven 0.7193 Boundary runs through about 13 dwellings.
Belgium H15, Boschcoven 1.7211 Boundary runs through about 16 dwellings.
Belgium H16, Keizershoek - Oordelsche Straat 4.4252 Boundary runs through a house and three sheds, with three turning points[clarification needed] inside just one shed.
Belgium H17, Moleriet Heide 14.9248 Rural area containing a portion of the former Turnhout-Tilburg rail line, now a cycle path.
Belgium H18, De Manke Gooren 2.9247 Consists of farmland.
Belgium H19, De Peruiters 0.6851 Consists of several ponds and a field.
Belgium H20, Wurstenbosch - Vossenberg 1.1681 Consists of farmland.
Belgium H21, Baelbrugsche Beemden 1.1845 Consists of farmland.
Belgium H22, De Wit Hagen 0.2632 South of the village of Ulicoten; occupies part of a field; nationality was contested from the 1830s until 1995 (remained unallocated to either country in boundary treaty of 26 April 1974)

Famous inhabitants

See also

References

  1. ^ "Bevolking per gemeente op 1 januari 2020". Statbel.
  2. ^ Template:Es icon Map, pictures and infos on "Fronterasblog"
  3. ^ "The Curious Case of Baarle-Nassau and Baarle-Hertog". Amusingplanet.com. 2012-11-06. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
  4. ^ a b Whyte, Brendan (2004). "En Territoire Belge et à Quarante Centimètres de la Frontière" An historical and documentary study of the Belgian and Dutch enclaves of Baarle-Hertog and Baarle-Nassau. The University of Melbourne, School of Anthropology, Geography and Environmental Studies. ISBN 0-7340-3032-0.
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