DDB1

DDB1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2B5L, 2B5M, 2B5N, 2HYE, 3E0C, 3EI1, 3EI2, 3EI3, 3EI4, 3I7H, 3I7K, 3I7L, 3I7N, 3I7O, 3I7P, 3I89, 3I8C, 3I8E, 4A08, 4A09, 4A0A, 4A0B, 4A0K, 4A0L, 4A11, 4CI1, 4CI2, 4CI3, 4E54, 4E5Z, 4TZ4, 5FQD, 5HXB
Identifiers
Aliases	DDB1, DDBA, UV-XAP1, XPCE, XPE, XPE-BF, damage specific DNA binding protein 1, WHIKERS
External IDs	OMIM: 600045; MGI: 1202384; HomoloGene: 1448; GeneCards: DDB1; OMA:DDB1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)
End	61,342,596 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (mouse)
End	10,607,183 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right adrenal gland; ; right adrenal cortex; ; left adrenal gland; ; left adrenal cortex; ; ventricular zone; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; right testis; ; ganglionic eminence; ; left testis; ; right uterine tube;
	Top expressed in
	Ileal epithelium; ; neural layer of retina; ; spermatocyte; ; choroid plexus of fourth ventricle; ; gastrula; ; ventricular zone; ; epiblast; ; tail of embryo; ; lactiferous gland; ; hand;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	DNA binding; protein binding; nucleic acid binding; damaged DNA binding; protein-macromolecule adaptor activity; cullin family protein binding; WD40-repeat domain binding; protein-containing complex binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; nucleoplasm; Cul4A-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex; Cul4B-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex; extracellular exosome; nucleus; extracellular space; Cul4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex; protein-containing complex;
Biological process	regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition; nucleotide-excision repair; nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition; positive regulation by virus of viral protein levels in host cell; histone H2A monoubiquitination; negative regulation of apoptotic process; Wnt signaling pathway; global genome nucleotide-excision repair; biological process involved in interaction with symbiont; positive regulation of viral genome replication; transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair; viral process; nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision; UV-damage excision repair; DNA repair; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 3'-to lesion; nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex stabilization; nucleotide-excision repair, DNA duplex unwinding; nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex assembly; nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 5'-to lesion; post-translational protein modification; proteasomal protein catabolic process; cellular response to DNA damage stimulus; protein ubiquitination; positive regulation of protein catabolic process; ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; regulation of circadian rhythm; positive regulation of gluconeogenesis; rhythmic process;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1642
	13194
	ENSG00000167986
	ENSMUSG00000024740
	Q16531
	Q3U1J4
	NM_001923
	NM_015735
	NP_001914
	NP_056550
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

DNA damage-binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DDB1 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Gene

The gene's position is on chromosome 11q12-q13.^[8]

Protein

The DDB1 gene encodes the large subunit of DNA damage-binding protein, a heterodimer composed of a large and a small (DDB2) subunit. DDB1 contains 1140 amino acids, amounting to a mass of 127 kDa.^[8]

Function

As its name suggests, DDB1 was initially implicated in the process of a specific type of DNA repair known as nucleotide excision repair. Since then, researchers have found that DDB1 primarily functions as a core component of the CUL4A- and CUL4B-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes. DDB1 serves as a bridge or adaptor protein which interacts with dozens of proteins known as DDB1 and CUL4-associated factors (DCAFs).^[9] These DCAFs are often ubiquitin ligase substrates and regulate numerous essential processes in the cell including DNA repair (DDB2), DNA replication, chromatin remodeling (Cdt2) and more.

Interactions

DDB1 has been shown to interact with Transcription initiation protein SPT3 homolog,^[10] GCN5L2,^[11] DDB2,^[12]^[13] CUL4A,^[13] CUL4B^[13] and P21.^[14]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000167986 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024740 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Dualan R, Brody T, Keeney S, Nichols AF, Admon A, Linn S (Feb 1996). "Chromosomal localization and cDNA cloning of the genes (DDB1 and DDB2) for the p127 and p48 subunits of a human damage-specific DNA binding protein". Genomics. 29 (1): 62–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1215. PMID 8530102.
^ Seki N, Hayashi A, Hattori A, Kozuma S, Sasaki M, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Muramatsu M, Saito T (Jan 2000). "cDNA cloning, tissue expression, and chromosomal assignment of a mouse gene, encoding a 127 kDa UV-damaged DNA binding protein which is defective in XPE cells". DNA Res. 6 (5): 319–22. doi:10.1093/dnares/6.5.319. PMID 10574459.
^ "Entrez Gene: DDB1 damage-specific DNA binding protein 1, 127kDa".
^ ^a ^b Iovine, Barbara; Iannella, Maria Luigia; Bevilacqua, Maria Assunta (2011). "Damage-specific DNA binding protein 1 (DDB1): a protein with a wide range of functions" (PDF). The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. 43. Elsevier: 1664–1667. doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2011.09.001.
^ Lee J (2007). "DCAFs, the Missing Link of the CUL4-DDB1 Ubiquitin Ligase". Molecular Cell. 26: 775–780. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2007.06.001.
^ Martinez E, Palhan VB, Tjernberg A, Lymar ES, Gamper AM, Kundu TK, Chait BT, Roeder RG (October 2001). "Human STAGA complex is a chromatin-acetylating transcription coactivator that interacts with pre-mRNA splicing and DNA damage-binding factors in vivo". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (20): 6782–95. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.20.6782-6795.2001. PMC 99856. PMID 11564863.
^ Huang J, Chen J (July 2008). "VprBP targets Merlin to the Roc1-Cul4A-DDB1 E3 ligase complex for degradation". Oncogene. 27 (29): 4056–64. doi:10.1038/onc.2008.44. PMID 18332868.
^ Bergametti F, Sitterlin D, Transy C (July 2002). "Turnover of hepatitis B virus X protein is regulated by damaged DNA-binding complex". J. Virol. 76 (13): 6495–501. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.13.6495-6501.2002. PMC 136256. PMID 12050362.
^ ^a ^b ^c Guerrero-Santoro J, Kapetanaki MG, Hsieh CL, Gorbachinsky I, Levine AS, Rapić-Otrin V (July 2008). "The cullin 4B-based UV-damaged DNA-binding protein ligase binds to UV-damaged chromatin and ubiquitinates histone H2A". Cancer Res. 68 (13): 5014–22. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6162. PMID 18593899.
^ Abbas T, Sivaprasad U, Terai K, Amador V, Pagano M, Dutta A (September 2008). "PCNA-dependent regulation of p21 ubiquitylation and degradation via the CRL4Cdt2 ubiquitin ligase complex". Genes Dev. 22 (18): 2496–506. doi:10.1101/gad.1676108. PMC 2546691. PMID 18794347.

v t e DNA repair
Excision repair	Base excision repair/AP site DNA glycosylase Uracil-DNA glycosylase Poly ADP ribose polymerase Nucleotide excision repair/ERCC XPA XPB XPC XPD/ERCC2 XPE/DDB1 XPF/DDB1 XPG/ERCC5 ERCC1 RPA RAD23A RAD23B Excinuclease DNA mismatch repair MLH1 MSH2
Homologous recombination	RecA RecBCD RecF pathway RecQ helicase RAD51 Sgs1 Slx4 LexA
Other pathways	Transcription-coupled repair ERCC6 ERCC8 Homology directed repair Non-homologous end joining Ku Microhomology-mediated end joining Postreplication repair Photolyase CRY1 CRY2
Regulation	SOS box SOS response
Other/ungrouped	Ogt PcrA Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen 8-Oxoguanine Adaptive response Meiotic recombination checkpoint DNA helicase: BLM WRN FANC proteins: core protein complex FANCA FANCB FANCC FANCE FANCF FANCG FANCL FANCM FANCD1 FANCD2 FANCI FANCJ FANCN
Category

Gene

Protein

Function

Interactions

References

Further reading