Isotopes of bromine
Appearance
Bromine (Br) has two stable isotopes, 79Br and 81Br, and 30 known unstable isotopes, the most stable of which is 77Br with a half-life of 57.036 hours.
Standard atomic mass: 79.904(1) u
Table
nuclide symbol |
Z(p) | N(n) | isotopic mass (u) |
half-life | decay mode(s)[1][n 1] |
daughter isotope(s)[n 2] |
nuclear spin |
representative isotopic composition (mole fraction) |
range of natural variation (mole fraction) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
excitation energy | |||||||||
66Br | 35 | 31 | p | 65Se | |||||
67Br | 35 | 32 | 66.96479(54)# | p | 66Se | 1/2−# | |||
68Br | 35 | 33 | 67.95852(38)# | <1.2 µs | p | 67Se | 3+# | ||
69Br | 35 | 34 | 68.95011(11)# | <24 ns | p | 68Se | 1/2−# | ||
70Br | 35 | 35 | 69.94479(33)# | 79.1(8) ms | β+ | 70Se | 0+# | ||
70mBr | 2292.2(8) keV | 2.2(2) s | β+ | 70Se | (9+) | ||||
IT | 70Br | ||||||||
71Br | 35 | 36 | 70.93874(61) | 21.4(6) s | β+ | 71Se | (5/2)− | ||
72Br | 35 | 37 | 71.93664(6) | 78.6(24) s | β+ | 72Se | 1+ | ||
72mBr | 100.92(3) keV | 10.6(3) s | IT (>99.9%) | 72Br | 1− | ||||
β+ (<0.1%) | 72Se | ||||||||
73Br | 35 | 38 | 72.93169(5) | 3.4(2) min | β+ | 73Se | 1/2− | ||
74Br | 35 | 39 | 73.929891(16) | 25.4(3) min | β+ | 74Se | (0−) | ||
74mBr | 13.58(21) keV | 46(2) min | β+ | 74Se | 4(+#) | ||||
75Br | 35 | 40 | 74.925776(15) | 96.7(13) min | β+ | 75Se | 3/2− | ||
76Br | 35 | 41 | 75.924541(10) | 16.2(2) h | β+ | 76Se | 1− | ||
76mBr | 102.58(3) keV | 1.31(2) s | IT (99.4%) | 76Br | (4)+ | ||||
β+ (0.6%) | 76Se | ||||||||
77Br | 35 | 42 | 76.921379(3) | 57.036(6) h | β+ | 77Se | 3/2− | ||
77mBr | 105.86(8) keV | 4.28(10) min | IT | 77Br | 9/2+ | ||||
78Br | 35 | 43 | 77.921146(4) | 6.46(4) min | β+ (99.99%) | 78Se | 1+ | ||
β− (0.01%) | 78Kr | ||||||||
78mBr | 180.82(13) keV | 119.2(10) µs | (4+) | ||||||
79Br | 35 | 44 | 78.9183371(22) | Stable | 3/2− | 0.5069(7) | |||
79mBr | 207.61(9) keV | 4.86(4) s | IT | 79Br | (9/2+) | ||||
80Br | 35 | 45 | 79.9185293(22) | 17.68(2) min | β− (91.7%) | 80Kr | 1+ | ||
β+ (8.3%) | 80Se | ||||||||
80mBr | 85.843(4) keV | 4.4205(8) h | IT | 80Br | 5− | ||||
81Br | 35 | 46 | 80.9162906(21) | Stable | 3/2− | 0.4931(7) | |||
81mBr | 536.20(9) keV | 34.6(28) µs | 9/2+ | ||||||
82Br | 35 | 47 | 81.9168041(21) | 35.282(7) h | β− | 82Kr | 5− | ||
82mBr | 45.9492(10) keV | 6.13(5) min | IT | 82Br | 2− | ||||
β− | 82Kr | ||||||||
83Br | 35 | 48 | 82.915180(5) | 2.40(2) h | β− | 83Kr | 3/2− | ||
83mBr | 3068.8(6) keV | 700(100) ns | (19/2−) | ||||||
84Br | 35 | 49 | 83.916479(16) | 31.80(8) min | β− | 84Kr | 2− | ||
84m1Br | 320(10) keV | 6.0(2) min | β− | 84Kr | 6− | ||||
84m2Br | 408.2(4) keV | <140 ns | 1+ | ||||||
85Br | 35 | 50 | 84.915608(21) | 2.90(6) min | β− | 85Kr | 3/2− | ||
86Br | 35 | 51 | 85.918798(12) | 55.1(4) s | β− | 86Kr | (2−) | ||
87Br | 35 | 52 | 86.920711(19) | 55.65(13) s | β− (97.48%) | 87Kr | 3/2− | ||
β−, n (2.52%) | 86Kr | ||||||||
88Br | 35 | 53 | 87.92407(4) | 16.29(6) s | β− (93.42%) | 88Kr | (2−) | ||
β−, n (6.48%) | 87Kr | ||||||||
88mBr | 272.7(3) keV | 5.4(7) µs | |||||||
89Br | 35 | 54 | 88.92639(6) | 4.40(3) s | β− (86.2%) | 89Kr | (3/2−,5/2−) | ||
β−, n (13.8%) | 88Kr | ||||||||
90Br | 35 | 55 | 89.93063(8) | 1.91(1) s | β− (74.8%) | 90Kr | |||
β−, n (25.2%) | 89Kr | ||||||||
91Br | 35 | 56 | 90.93397(8) | 541(5) ms | β− (80%) | 91Kr | 3/2−# | ||
β−, n (20%) | 90Kr | ||||||||
92Br | 35 | 57 | 91.93926(5) | 0.343(15) s | β− (66.9%) | 92Kr | (2−) | ||
β−, n (33.1%) | 91Kr | ||||||||
93Br | 35 | 58 | 92.94305(32)# | 102(10) ms | β− (89%) | 93Kr | 3/2−# | ||
β−, n (11%) | 92Kr | ||||||||
94Br | 35 | 59 | 93.94868(43)# | 70(20) ms | β− (70%) | 94Kr | |||
β−, n (30%) | 93Kr | ||||||||
95Br | 35 | 60 | 94.95287(54)# | 50# ms [>300 ns] | 3/2−# | ||||
96Br | 35 | 61 | 95.95853(75)# | 20# ms [>300 ns] | |||||
97Br | 35 | 62 | 96.96280(86)# | 10# ms [>300 ns] | 3/2−# |
- ^ Abbreviations:
IT: Isomeric transition - ^ Bold for stable isotopes
Notes
- Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
- Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC which use expanded uncertainties.
References
- Isotope masses from:
- G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- J. R. de Laeter, J. K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H. S. Peiser, K. J. R. Rosman and P. D. P. Taylor (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - M. E. Wieser (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051.
{{cite journal}}
: Unknown parameter|laysummary=
ignored (help)
- J. R. de Laeter, J. K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H. S. Peiser, K. J. R. Rosman and P. D. P. Taylor (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. See editing notes on this article's talk page.
- G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.1 database". Brookhaven National Laboratory. Retrieved September 2005.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
(help) - N. E. Holden (2004). "Table of the Isotopes". In D. R. Lide (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). CRC Press. Section 11. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.
{{cite book}}
: Unknown parameter|nopp=
ignored (|no-pp=
suggested) (help)
- G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.