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{{inline|date=December 2009}}
{{inline|date=December 2009}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
and every one there wants to fuck you in the ear hole before mugging you and dropping you in the river with weights attached
| name = La Rioja
| name = La Rioja
| official_name =
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Revision as of 08:43, 20 March 2012

{{Infobox settlement and every one there wants to fuck you in the ear hole before mugging you and dropping you in the river with weights attached | name = La Rioja | official_name = | settlement_type = Autonomous Community | image_skyline = Autumn in La Rioja, Spain.jpg | imagesize = 300px | image_alt = | image_caption = Autumn in La Rioja | image_flag = Flag of La Rioja (with coat of arms).svg | flag_size = 150x100px | flag_alt = Flag of La Rioja | image_shield = Coat of Arms of La Rioja (Spain).svg | shield_size = 100x100px | shield_alt = Coat-of-arms of La Rioja | motto = | image_map = Localización de La Rioja.svg | mapsize = | map_alt = | map_caption = Map of La Rioja in Spain | latd = 42 |latm = 15 |lats = |latNS = N | longd = 2 |longm = 30 |longs = |longEW = W | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_type = region:ES-LO_type:adm1st_source:GNS-enwiki | coordinates_display = inline,title | seat_type = Capital | seat = Logroño | area_total_km2 = 5045 | area_footnotes = (1.0% of Spain; Ranked 16th) | population_as_of = 2007 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 308968 | population_note = | population_blank1_title = Pop. rank | population_blank1 = 17th | population_blank2_title = Percent | population_blank2 = 0.7% of Spain | population_density_km2 = auto | demographics1_name1 = Ethnic groups | demographics1_info1 = | demographics_type2 = Demonym | demographics2_name1 = English | demographics2_info1 = riojan | demographics2_name2 = Spanish | demographics2_info2 = riojano/a | demographics2_name3 = | demographics2_info3 = | blank1_name_sec1 = Official languages | blank1_info_sec1 = Spanish | blank2_name_sec1 = Statute of Autonomy | blank2_info_sec1 = June 9, 1982 | blank_name_sec2 = Parliament | blank_info_sec2 = Cortes Generales | blank1_name_sec2 = Congress seats | blank1_info_sec2 = 4 (of 350) | blank2_name_sec2 = Senate seats | blank2_info_sec2 = 4 (of 264) | postal_code_type = ISO 3166-2 | postal_code = LO | leader_title = President | leader_name = Pedro Sanz Alonso (PP) | leader_party = | website = Gobierno de La Rioja | footnotes = }}

La Rioja (English: /lə riːˈoʊhə/; Spanish: [la ˈrjoxa]) is an autonomous community and a province of northern Spain. Its capital is Logroño. Other cities and towns in the province include Calahorra, Arnedo, Alfaro, Haro, Santo Domingo de la Calzada, and Nájera.

History

In Roman times the territory of La Rioja was inhabited by the tribes of the Berones (central country), Autrigones (upper country, extending also north and west of it) and the Vascones (lower country, extending also north and east of it). It was part of the province of Hispania Tarraconensis. In Medieval times La Rioja was often a disputed territory. The Visigoths created the Duchy of Cantabria that probably included most of La Rioja, as a border march against the Vascones. After the Muslim invasion of 711, La Rioja fell into the Muslim domains of Al Andalus.

In the early 10th century, Sancho I of Pamplona conquered most of the territory, except for the lower region around Arnedo, which came under control of his allies the Banu Qasi of Tudela. La Rioja briefly formed the independent Kingdom of Viguera from 970 to about 1005, at which point it became a part of the Kingdom of Pamplona. Nájera, in La Rioja, often served as capital of the kingdom.

After the independence of Castile in 1035, this new kingdom fiercely fought against Pamplona for the possession of Bureba, La Rioja and other territories. In 1076, after the murder of Sancho VI, Navarre was divided among Castile and Aragon. Castile obtained La Rioja and many other Navarrese lands

Nevertheless, since 1134, García Ramírez the Restorer and his son Sancho VI the Wise fought bitterly with Castile for the recovery of the former Pamplonese domains. Only in 1179 would they sign a peace agreement by which La Rioja was ceded definitively to Castile.

The territory remained divided between the provinces of Burgos and Soria until the administrative reform of Riego in 1822 that created the province of Logroño.

In 1980 it changed its name to province of La Rioja and in 1982 it was constituted as uni-provincial autonomous community with that name.

Recent history

Monasterios de San Millán de Yuso

The territory of La Rioja (the name appeared in a charter of 1099) was formerly known as the province of Logroño for the fortified site around which it developed. The 12th-century church Iglesia de Santa Maria de Palacio recalls its origin as a chapel of the administrative palace. Logroño was a borderland disputed between the kings of Navarre and the kings of Castile starting in the 10th century; the region was awarded to Castile in a judgement by Henry I of England and annexed in 1173 (1177?). Its importance was that here the pilgrimage route to Santiago de Compostela, the Camino de Santiago, crossed the River Ebro on the stone bridge, the Puente de Piedra.

Arnedillo, in La Rioja

La Rioja was taken by Napoleonic forces in the Peninsular War and remained solidly in French hands until 1814. In the 1810 project of Llorente it was to be a part of the prefecture of Arlanzón (capital in Burgos). The Constitutional Cortes declared La Rioja an independent province at the time of the Liberal Constitution of 1812, and in January 1822 the province of Logroño was created by royal decree, taking in the whole of the historical geography of La Rioja. However, Ferdinand VII soon annulled these decisions and recovered most of the divisions of the Ancient Regime. In the 1833 reorganization, a province of Logroño appeared again in the region of Castilla la Vieja. In 1841, the province increased its territory temporarily.

It was made into an autonomous community during the reorganization following the democratic transition after the death of Francisco Franco, owing to its economic distinction from the surrounding regions. It is the second-smallest autonomous community in Spain and has the smallest population; fully half of its 174 municipalities have populations under 200. Nearly half of its citizens live in the capital.

Geography

View of La Rioja

It is bordered by the Basque Country (province of Álava), Navarre, Aragón (province of Zaragoza), and Castile and León (provinces of Soria and Burgos). The river Ebro flows through this region, as does the river Oja, after which it is named.

Mountains and mountain ranges

All Mountains in La Rioja are part of the Iberian System:

Comarcas

Geographical comarcas:

Climate

  • The climate is mainly Mediterranean climate. The Rioja Alta comarca receives more precipitation than Rioja Baja.
  • The average temperature ranges from 11.8°C - 31.8°C (53°F - 88°F) and the precipitation ranges between 300 mm - 600 mm as an annual average.
  • The wind called Cierzo is very frequent around La Rioja during the winter.

Hydrography

  • Ebro - the most important river that crosses the Community. In La Rioja it has the following affluents:
  • Tirón
  • Oja
Wine barrels kept on a cellar in Haro, La Rioja

Flora and fauna

Natural resources

Glasses of wine for tasting in the Vivancos Museum

Economy

La Rioja is known for its production of Rioja DOCa wines (although the Rioja viticultural region extends slightly into the neighboring administrative regions of Álava and Navarra).

Battle of Wine in Haro (La Rioja)
  • Rioja (wine)
  • Industry:
    • Wine production and conserves: in Logroño, Cenicero, Haro and Calahorra.
    • Textiles and footwear: in Logroño, Arnedo, Cervera del Río Alhama and Ezcaray.
    • Furniture factories: in Ezcaray, Logroño and Nájera.
    • Rubber, plastics, chemical products and transport machinery.
    • Natural Chorizo,Casalarreina

Main products from La Rioja sold to Spain include:

Exports are directed mostly towards European Union, United States and Canada.

Transport

Demography and major cities

Toro de fuego in Haro
Rank City Population
1 Logroño 152,650
2 Calahorra 24,876
3 Arnedo 14,425
4 Haro 11,960
5 Alfaro 9,813
6 Nájera 8,404

Government and politics

Monuments

Monasterio San Millán de Suso

Native or Famous people from La Rioja

see also Category:Riojan people

Other topics

Wikimedia Commons has media related to La Rioja (Spain).
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