List of U.S. biological weapons topics

For topics related to the U.S. biological defense program, see U.S. biological defense program.

The United States had an offensive biological weapons program from 1943 until 1969. Today, the nation is a member of the Biological Weapons Convention and has renounced biological warfare.

Agencies and organizations

Military and government agencies and schools

• United States Army Biological Warfare Laboratories (USBWL)
• United States Army Chemical Corps
• War Bureau of Consultants
• War Research Service

Biological weapons program locations

• United States biological weapons program

• Dugway Proving Ground

• Granite Peak Range

• Edgewood Arsenal
• Fort Detrick and the U.S. Army Biological Warfare Laboratories

• Building 470
• One-Million-Liter Test Sphere

• Fort Douglas, Utah

• Deseret Test Center

• Fort Terry/Plum Island Animal Disease Center

• Building 101
• Building 257

• Horn Island Testing Station
• Pine Bluff Arsenal
• Rocky Mountain Arsenal
• Vigo Ordnance Plant

Treaties, laws and policies

• Biological Weapons Convention
• Geneva Protocol
• Statement on Chemical and Biological Defense Policies and Programs

Weapons

Canceled weapons

• E77 balloon bomb
• E99 bomblet
• Flettner rotor, an experimental biological cluster bomb sub-munition
• Project St. Jo
• SPD Mk I, 4 lb. World War II-era biological bomb

Other weapons

• 20 mm particulate projectile
• E120 bomblet
• [50 lb. cluster bomb, held 544 bomblets
• E14 munition, sub-muntion for E86 cluster bomb
• E23 munition, sub-munition for E77 cluster bomb
• E48 particulate bomb (E48R2), sub-munition for E96 cluster
• E61 bomb (E61R4)
• E86 cluster bomb
• E95 bomblet
• E96 cluster bomb
• M114 bomb, 4 lb. biological anti-personnel bomb, sub-munition for the M33 cluster bomb
• M115 bomb, a 500 lb. anti-crop bomb
• M143 bomblet
• M33 cluster bomb
• SUU-24/A dispenser

Weaponized biological agents

• anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis

• Ames strain

• tularemia, caused by Francisella tularensis
• brucellosis, caused by Brucella suis
• Q-fever, caused by Coxiella burnetii
• botulism, botulin toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum
• Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB), toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus, used as an incapacitating agent
• Stem rust, both wheat and rye stem rust, fungal anticrop agent
• Rice blast, fungal anticrop agent

Researched biological agents

• Argentinian hemorrhagic fever (AHF)
• Bird flu
• Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF)
• Chikungunya virus (CHIKV)
• Dengue fever
• Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE)
• Hantavirus
• Lassa fever
• Late blight of potato
• glanders
• melioidosis
• Newcastle disease
• Plague
• Psittacosis
• Smallpox
• Ricin
• Rift Valley fever (RVF)
• Rinderpest
• Typhus
• Western equine encephalitis (WEE)
• Yellow fever

Operations and exercises

• Edgewood Arsenal experiments
• Operation Big Buzz
• Operation Big Itch
• Operation Blue Skies
• Operation Dark Winter
• Operation Dew
• Operation Drop Kick
• Operation LAC
• Operation Magic Sword
• Operation May Day
• Operation Polka Dot
• Operation Top Off
• Operation Whitecoat
• Project 112
• Project Bacchus
• Project Clear Vision
• Project Jefferson

Biological attacks

• 1984 Rajneeshee bioterror attack
• 1989 California medfly attack
• 2001 anthrax attacks
• 2003 ricin letters

See also

• List of U.S. chemical weapons topics
• United States and weapons of mass destruction

References

• "Chemical and Biological Weapons: Possession and Programs Past and Present", James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Middlebury College, April 9, 2002, accessed November 12, 2008.
• "Biological Weapons", Federation of American Scientists, updated October 19, 1998, accessed November 12, 2008.
• Croddy, Eric C. and Hart, C. Perez-Armendariz J., Chemical and Biological Warfare, (Google Books), Springer, 2002, pp. 30–31, (ISBN 0387950761).
• Kirby, Reid. "The CB Battlefield Legacy: Understanding the Potential Problem of Clustered CB Weapons", Army Chemical Review, pp. 25–29, July–December 2006, accessed November 12, 2008.
• Kirby, Reid. "The Evolving Role of Biological Weapons", Army Chemical Review, pp. 22–26, July–December 2007, accessed November 12, 2008.