List of recently extinct mammals
This is an incomplete list of historically known extinct mammals, their dates of extinction, and former range. Mammals included are organisms which have gone extinct since 1500 CE, the International Union for Conservation of Nature cutoff point for recent extinctions. Many of these animals have become extinct as a result of excessive human hunting, for food or sport, or through the destruction of habitat.
Marsupials
- Broad-faced potoroo (1875, Australia)
- Eastern hare wallaby (1890, Australia)
- Lake Mackay hare-wallaby (1932, Australia)[1]
- Desert rat-kangaroo (1935, Australia)
- Thylacine (1936, Tasmania, Australia)
- Toolache wallaby (1943, Australia)
- Desert bandicoot (1943, Australia)
- Lesser bilby (1950s, Australia)
- Pig-footed bandicoot (1950s, Australia)
- Crescent nailtail wallaby (1956, Australia)
- Red-bellied gracile opossum (1962, Argentina)
Sirenians
- Steller's sea cow (1768), Commander Islands
Rodents
- Oriente cave rat (?, Cuba)[2]
- Torre's cave rat (?, Cuba)[3]
- Imposter hutia (?, Hispaniola)[4]
- Montane hutia (?, Hispaniola)[5]
- Lagostomus crassus (?, Peru)[6]
- Galápagos giant rat (?, Galápagos Islands)[7]
- Canariomys (Canary Islands)
- Flores cave rat (1500, Indonesia)
- Verhoeven's giant tree rat (1500, Indonesia)
- Cuban coney (1500, Cuba) [8]
- Hispaniolan edible rat (~1546, Hispaniola)[9]
- Puerto Rican hutia (?, Puerto Rico)[10]
- Big-eared hopping mouse (1843, Australia)
- Darling Downs hopping mouse (1846, Australia)
- White-footed rabbit-rat (1870s, Australia)
- St Lucy giant rice rat (1881), Saint Lucia[11]
- Short-tailed hopping mouse (1896, Australia)
- Nelson's rice rat (1897, Islas Marias)[12]
- Guadalcanal rat (1899, Solomon Islands)
- Long-tailed hopping mouse (1901, Australia)
- Martinique giant rice rat (1902), Martinique)[13]
- Bulldog rat (1903, Christmas Island)
- Maclear's rat (1903, Christmas Island)
- Martinique muskrat (1903, Martinique)[14]
- St Kilda house mouse (1930, St Kilda)
- Darwin's Galapagos mouse (1930, Galapagos Islands)[15]
- Gould's mouse (1930, Australia)
- Pemberton's deer mouse (1931), San Pedro Nolasco Island) [8]
- Lesser stick-nest rat (1933, Australia)
- Indefatigable Galapagos mouse (1934, Galapagos Islands)[16]
- Chadwick Beach cotton mouse (1938, Florida)
- Ilin Island cloudrunner (1953, Philippines)[17]
- Little Swan Island hutia (1955, Swan Islands)
- Blue-gray mouse (1956, Australia)[18]
- Pallid beach mouse (1959, Florida)
- Emperor rat (1960s, Solomon Islands)
- Minorcan giant dormouse (Minorca, Spain)
Lagomorphs
- Sardinian pika (1774, Sardinia)[19]
- Majorcan hare (1980s, Majorca, Spain)
Soricimorphs
- Marcano's solenodon (1500s, Hispaniola)[20]
- Christmas Island shrew (1985, Christmas Island) (officially critically endangered, but has not been reliably seen since 1985)[21]
- Balearic shrew (Europe)[22]
- Sardinian giant shrew (Sardinia, Italy)
- Tule shrew (1905, Baja California ). Only known by the four type specimens collected in 1905
Bats
- Puerto Rican flower bat (?, Puerto Rico)[23]
- Lesser Mascarene flying fox (1864, Réunion, Mauritius)
- Guam flying fox (1968, Guam)
- Dusky flying fox (1870, Percy Island)[24]
- Large Palau flying fox (1874, Palau)
- Nendo tube-nosed fruit bat (1907, Solomon Islands)
- New Zealand greater short-tailed bat (1988, New Zealand)
- Lord Howe long-eared bat (1996, Australia)[25]
- Sturdee's pipistrelle (2000, Japan)[26]
- Christmas Island pipistrelle (2009, Christmas Island)
Cetaceans
- Baiji (2006, China) (officially listed as functionally extinct; it is possible that a few aging individuals still survive)
Artiodactyls
- Chilihueque, (16th or 17th century, Chile) [27]
- Cape warthog (1900, South Africa)
- Cebu warty pig (2000, Philippines)
- Aurochs (1627, Poland)
- Caucasian wisent (1927, Caucasus)
- Carpathian wisent (1790, Carpathian Mountains)
- Eastern elk (1887, United States)
- Merriam's elk (1913, United States)
- Bluebuck (1799, South Africa)
- Bubal hartebeest (1923, North Africa)[28]
- Red gazelle (1894, Algeria)
- Schomburgk's deer (1932, Thailand)
- Caucasian moose (mid-19th century, Caucasus Mountains)
- Queen of Sheba's gazelle (1951, Yemen)[29]
- Saudi gazelle (Declared extinct in 2008, but not seen decades before that; Saudi Arabia)
- Portuguese ibex (1892, Portugal)
- Pyrenean ibex (2000, Pyrenees)
Carnivores
- Falkland Island wolf (1876, Falkland Islands)
- Sea mink (1894, Northeastern North America)
- Japanese sea lion (1970s, Japan)
- Caribbean monk seal (1952, Jamaica)
- Atlas bear (1870s, Atlas Mountains)
- Barbary lion (1922, Atlas Mountains)
- Hokkaidō wolf, (1889, Japan)
- Honshū wolf (1905, Japan)
- Cascade mountain wolf (1940, British Columbia)
- Banks Island wolf (1920, Banks Island)
- Cape serval (South Africa)
- Sardinian lynx (1908, Sardinia, Italy)
- Formosan clouded leopard (1983,Taiwan)
- Cape lion (1858, South Africa)
- Bali tiger (1940s, Bali)[30]
- Mexican grizzly bear (1960s, Mexico)
- Caspian tiger (1970s, Tajikistan) [31]
- Javan tiger (1976, Java) (possibly still in existence due to a villager's report.)[32]
- Eastern cougar (2011, Eastern United States)
- Japanese river otter (2012, Japan)
Primates
- Koala lemur (1500, Madagascar)
Perissodactyls
- Quagga (1883, South Africa)
- Tarpan (1909, Eurasia)
- Syrian wild ass (1928, Syria)
- Western black rhinoceros (2011, West Africa)[33]
Possibly extinct
As of December 2015, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 30 mammalian species as "critically endangered (possibly extinct)".[34] 0.55% of all evaluated mammalian species are listed as possibly extinct.
- Kouprey
- Capromys garridoi
- Dinagat bushy-tailed cloud rat
- Christmas Island shrew
- Wimmer's shrew
- De Winton's golden mole
- Wondiwoi tree-kangaroo
- San Quintin kangaroo rat
- Lesser stick-nest rat
- Baiji
- Zuniga's dark rice rat
- Dwarf hutia
- San Felipe hutia
- One-striped opossum
- Gloomy tube-nosed bat
- New Zealand greater short-tailed bat
- Ethiopian amphibious rat
- Lord Howe long-eared bat
- Angel Island mouse
- Puebla deer mouse
- Telefomin cuscus
- New Guinea big-eared bat
- Christmas Island pipistrelle
- Montane monkey-faced bat
- Aru flying fox
- Vanikoro flying fox
- Emma's giant rat
- Emperor rat
- Guadalcanal rat
- Central rock rat
See also
References
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/11160/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/2885/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/2886/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/10034/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/10859/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/136452/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/136657/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ a b http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/16645/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/3121/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/10860/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/12981/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/15583/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/12980/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ American Museum of Natural History
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/14706/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/9004/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/5501/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/18564/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/18338/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/20322/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/136379/0 IUCN Red List
- ^ ITIS
- ^ http://www.unep-wcmc.org/isdb/Taxonomy/tax-species-result.cfm?source=animals&genus=Phyllonycteris&species=major&tabname=all[dead link]
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/18718/0
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/15006/0
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/17365/0
- ^ Bonacic, Cristián (1991). Características biológicas y productivas de los camélidos sudamericanos. Avances en ciencias veterinarias. Vol. 6, No. 2.
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/813/0
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/8987/0
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/41682/0 , retrieved 4 February 2010
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/41505/0 , retrieved 4 February 2010
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/41681/0 , retrieved 4 February 2010
- ^ BBC News Online (2011). "Western black rhino declared extinct". Retrieved 10 November 2011.
- ^ "IUCN Red List version 2015.4". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 3 December 2015.