Lotus 72

Lotus 72
	Emerson Fittipaldi driving the 72 at the Nürburgring in 1971
Category	Formula One
Constructor	Team Lotus
Designer(s)	Colin Chapman,; Tony Rudd,; Maurice Philippe
Predecessor	49 / 63
Successor	56B / 76 / 77
Technical specifications
Chassis	Aluminium monocoque
Suspension (front)	Double wishbone, inboard spring/damper.
Suspension (rear)	Parallel top links, lower wishbones, twin radius arms, outboard spring/damper.
Engine	Ford-Cosworth DFV, 2993cc V8, naturally aspirated, mid-engine, longitudinally mounted
Transmission	Hewland FG400, 5-speed manual
Tyres	Firestone ; Goodyear
Competition history
Notable entrants	John Player Team Lotus
Notable drivers	Jochen Rindt,; Emerson Fittipaldi,; Ronnie Peterson,; Jacky Ickx
Debut	1970 Spanish Grand Prix.
Constructors' Championships	3 (1970, 1972, 1973)
Drivers' Championships	2 (Rindt, 1970; Fittipaldi, 1972)
	n.b. Unless otherwise stated, all data refer to; Formula One World Championship Grands Prix only.

The Lotus 72 was a Formula One car designed by Colin Chapman and Maurice Philippe of Lotus for the 1970 Formula One season.

Development

The 72 was yet another innovative design by Chapman featuring inboard brakes, side mounted radiators in sidepods, as opposed to the nose mounted radiators which had been commonplace since the 1950s, and an overhead air intake. The overall shape of the car was innovative too, resembling a wedge on wheels which was inspired by the earlier Lotus 56 gas turbine car, and the layout taken from the Lotus 63 four wheel drive project testbed. The shape made for better air penetration and higher speeds. In a back-to-back test with the Lotus 49, the 72 was 12 mph faster with the same Cosworth engine.

Chapman's efforts produced one of the most remarkable and successful designs in F1 history. Taking the stressed engine layout technique from the Lotus 49 and adding advanced aerodynamics produced a car that was years ahead of its rivals. To begin with however, problems with the handling of the car had to be overcome, due to a lack of 'feel' caused by the anti-dive suspension geometry - which was designed to prevent the nose of the car dipping significantly under braking - and the anti-squat set-up at the rear, which was supposed to stop the car 'squatting down' under acceleration. Once the suspension was modified, there were no further problems. The car caused a sensation amongst the media and fans, with many people clamouring to see the remarkable car in action.

Race history

The car was introduced partway into the 1970 season, driven by Jochen Rindt and John Miles. Rindt made the car successful, winning the Dutch, French, British and German Grands Prix in quick succession. Rindt was almost certainly going to win the world championship but was killed in a qualifying crash at Monza, driving the 72 with its wings removed. His replacement, Emerson Fittipaldi, won the United States race, helping Rindt become F1's only posthumous world champion. Rindt's and Fittipaldi's combined points for the season helped Lotus to its fourth constructors' championship.

The car was developed during 1971 by Tony Rudd who had formerly worked at BRM. He worked especially on redesigning the rear suspension and modified the rear wing to produce more downforce. Fittipaldi struggled during the season but scored good results and finished a respectable sixth, whilst the following season was much better. The development work done behind the scenes helped him become the youngest world champion in F1's history in 1972 winning five races in the 72, whilst Lotus again won the constructors' championship. The car now sported a striking paintscheme of black and gold; Imperial Tobacco had introduced a new brand, and decided to increase exposure and provide more funds to Lotus as part of the deal. Lotus was now sponsored by John Player Special cigarettes.

Lotus-Cosworth 72E

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The 1973 season saw new rules introduced to increase car safety. This included mandatory deformable structure to be built into the sides of the cars, causing the 72 to be further updated with integrated sidepods, larger bodywork and new wing mounts. Fittipaldi was joined for 1973 by Swede Ronnie Peterson. Peterson fell in love with the 72. In his first season with Lotus, Peterson won four races, while Fittipaldi won three, but a number of retirements helped Jackie Stewart snatch the drivers' championship, although the large points tally built up by their two drivers helped Lotus keep the constructors' championship. Fittipaldi left for McLaren in 1974, to drive a car closely based on the 72, the McLaren M23.

This left Peterson as team leader, while Jacky Ickx joined the team to partner him. The 72 was meant to be replaced by the Lotus 76, intended to be a lighter and leaner version of the 72, but the car's technology proved to be too ambitious and the project flopped. Lotus turned to the venerable 72 for the 1974 season. A further update to the car, increasing the front and rear track kept the car competitive. Peterson won another three races and challenged for the championship in a very closely contested season, ably supported by Ickx who turned in solid performances and scored several podiums. The now aging 72 did remarkably well for a four-year-old design, finishing fourth in the constructors' championship but for 1975, without a replacement chassis, the 72 was again pressed into service. By now it was obvious that the car, even with further modifications including a wider track and redesigned suspension, was no match for the new Ferrari 312T, which took the title, or even the latest Brabham BT44 and Lotus finished 6th in the constructors' championship.

After 20 wins, two drivers' and three constructors' championships, the 72 was retired for the 1976 season and replaced by the Lotus 77.

Complete Formula One World Championship results

(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year	Chassis	Entrant	Engine	Tyres	Drivers	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	Points	WCC
1970	72 72B 72C	Gold Leaf Team Lotus	Ford Cosworth DFV	F		RSA	ESP	MON	BEL	NED	FRA	GBR	GER	AUT	ITA	CAN	USA	MEX			59¹	1st¹
					Jochen Rindt		Ret			1	1	1	1	Ret	DNS
					John Miles		DNQ		Ret	7	8	Ret	Ret	Ret	DNS
					Emerson Fittipaldi										DNS		1	Ret
					Reine Wisell												3	NC
		Brooke Bond Oxo Racing			Graham Hill									DNA	DNS	NC	Ret	Ret
		World Wide Racing			Alex Soler-Roig				DNQ
1971	72C 72D	Gold Leaf Team Lotus	Ford Cosworth DFV	F		RSA	ESP	MON	NED	FRA	GBR	GER	AUT	ITA	CAN	USA					21	5th
					Emerson Fittipaldi	Ret	Ret	5		3	3	Ret	2		7	NC
					Reine Wisell	4	NC	Ret	DSQ	6		8	4		5	Ret
					Dave Charlton				DNS		Ret
1972	72D	John Player Team Lotus	Ford Cosworth DFV	F		ARG	RSA	ESP	MON	BEL	FRA	GBR	GER	AUT	ITA	CAN	USA				61	1st
					Emerson Fittipaldi	Ret	2	1	3	1	2	1	Ret	1	1	11	Ret
					David Walker	DSQ	10	9	14	14	18	Ret	Ret	Ret			Ret
					Tony Trimmer							DNA
					Reine Wisell											Ret	10
		Scuderia Scribante			Dave Charlton		Ret				DNQ	Ret	Ret
1973	72D 72E	John Player Team Lotus	Ford Cosworth DFV	G		ARG	BRA	RSA	ESP	BEL	MON	SWE	FRA	GBR	NED	GER	AUT	ITA	CAN	USA	92 (96)	1st
					Emerson Fittipaldi	1	1	3	1	3	2	12	Ret	Ret	Ret	6	Ret	2	2	6
					Ronnie Peterson	Ret	Ret	11	Ret	Ret	3	2	1	2	11	Ret	1	1	Ret	1
		Scuderia Scribante			Dave Charlton			Ret
1974	72E	John Player Team Lotus	Ford Cosworth DFV	G		ARG	BRA	RSA	ESP	BEL	MON	SWE	NED	FRA	GBR	GER	AUT	ITA	CAN	USA	42²	4th²
					Ronnie Peterson	13	6				1	Ret	8	1	10		Ret	1	3	Ret
					Jacky Ickx	Ret	3				Ret	Ret	11	5	3	5			13	Ret
		Team Gunston		F	Paddy Driver			Ret
		Team Gunston		F	Ian Scheckter			13
1975	72E 72F	John Player Team Lotus	Ford Cosworth DFV	G		ARG	BRA	RSA	ESP	MON	BEL	SWE	NED	FRA	GBR	GER	AUT	ITA	USA		9	7th
					Ronnie Peterson	Ret	15	10	Ret	4	Ret	9	15	10	Ret	Ret	5	Ret	5
					Jacky Ickx	8	9	12	2	8	Ret	15	Ret	Ret
					Jim Crawford										Ret			13
					Brian Henton										16		DNS		NC
					John Watson											Ret
		Team Gunston			Guy Tunmer			11
		Team Gunston			Eddie Keizan			13

^1 Includes 14 points scored using the Lotus 49.
^2 Includes 3 points scored using the Lotus 76.