Matsu-class destroyer
![]() Momi, one of the members of this class
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Class overview | |
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Name | Matsu class and Tachibana class |
Builders | list error: <br /> list (help) Maizuru Naval Arsenal, Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard, Kōbe-Kawasaki Shipbuilding Yard |
Operators | list error: <br /> list (help)![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Preceded by | list error: <br /> list (help) Ōtori class torpedo boat Yūgumo class destroyer |
Built | 1943–1945 |
In commission | 1944–1971 |
Planned | list error: <br /> list (help) 42 (1943, Ship #5481-5522), 32 (1944, Ship #4801-4832), 80 (1945, Kai-Tachinaba class) |
Completed | list error: <br /> list (help) 18 (Matsu class), 14 (Tachibana class) |
Cancelled | 122 |
Lost | 10 |
Retired | 22 + 1 (JDS Wakaba) |
General characteristics Matsu class | |
Displacement | list error: <br /> list (help) 1,260 tons standard 1,530 tons in battle condition |
Length | list error: <br /> list (help) 100.0 m (328 ft 1 in) overall, 92.15 m (302 ft 4 in) waterline |
Beam | 9.35 m (30 ft 8 in) |
Draft | 3.30 m (10 ft 10 in) |
Propulsion | list error: <br /> list (help) 2 × Kampon water tube boilers, 2 × Kanpon impulse geared[1] turbines, 19,000 shp (14 MW) 2 shafts |
Speed | 27.8 knots (32.0 mph; 51.5 km/h) |
Range | 3,500 nmi (6,500 km) at 18 kn (21 mph; 33 km/h) |
Complement | 211 |
Sensors and processing systems | list error: <br /> list (help) 1 × Type 93 active sonar, 1 × Type 93 hydrophone |
Electronic warfare & decoys | 1 × 22-Gō surface search radar (wavelength 10 cm) |
Armament | list error: <br /> list (help) (Matsu, April 1944) • 3 × 127 mm (5.0 in) L/40 Type 89 AA guns (1×2, 1×1)[2] • 24 × 25 mm (1") Type 96 AA guns (4×3, 12×1)[2] • 1 × (IV) 610 mm (24 in) Type 92 torpedo tubes (four[2] Type 93 torpedoes) • 4 depth charge throwers[2] • 36 × Type 2 depth charges[3] (Take, March 1945) • 3 × 127 mm (5.0 in) L/40 Type 89 AA guns (1×2, 1×1) • 39 × 25 mm (1") Type 96 AA guns (4×3, 27×1) • 1 × (IV) 610 mm (24 in) Type 92 torpedo tubes (4 × Type 93 torpedoes) • 4 depth charge throwers • 48 × Type 2 depth charges |
General characteristics Tachibana class | |
Displacement | list error: <br /> list (help) 1,350 tons standard 1,640 tons in battle condition |
Length | list error: <br /> list (help) 100.0 m (328 ft 1 in) overall, 92.15 m (302 ft 4 in) waterline |
Beam | 9.35 m (30 ft 8 in) |
Draft | 3.41 m (11 ft 2 in) |
Propulsion | list error: <br /> list (help) 2 × Kampon water tube boilers, 2 × Kanpon impulse geared[2] turbines, 19,000 shp (14 MW) 2 shafts |
Speed | 27.3 knots (31.4 mph; 50.6 km/h) |
Sensors and processing systems | list error: <br /> list (help) 1 × Type 3 active sonar, 1 × Type 4 hydrophone |
Electronic warfare & decoys | list error: <br /> list (help) 1 × 22-Gō surface search radar (wavelength 10 cm), 1 × 13-Gō early warning radar (wavelength 2 m) |
Armament | list error: <br /> list (help) (Tachibana, January 1945) • 3 × 127 mm (5.0 in) L/40 Type 89 AA guns • 25 × 25 mm (1") AA guns (4×3, 13×1) • 1 × (IV) 610 mm (24 in) Type 92 torpedo tubes (4 × Type 93 torpedoes) • 48 × Type 2 depth charges |
General characteristics Kaiten carrier[4] | |
Length | 102.0 m (334 ft 8 in) overall |
Armament | list error: <br /> list (help) (Take, 25 June 1945) • 3 × 127 mm (5.0 in) L/40 Type 89 AA guns • 39 × 25 mm (1") AA guns (4×3, 27×1) • 1 × (IV) 610 mm (24 in) Type 92 torpedo tubes (4 × Type 93 torpedoes) • 48-60 × Type 2 depth charges • 1 × manned torpedo Kaiten Type 1 |
The Matsu class destroyer (松型駆逐艦, Matsu-gata kuchikukan) were a class of destroyer built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), who referred to them as Type-D Destroyer (丁型駆逐艦, Tei-gata kuchikukan).
- The Kagerō class destroyer (陽炎型駆逐艦) and the Yūgumo class destroyer (夕雲型駆逐艦) were called Type-A Destroyer (甲型駆逐艦, Kou-gata kuchikukan).
- The Akizuki class destroyer (秋月型駆逐艦) was called Type-B Destroyer (乙型駆逐艦, Otsu-gata kuchikukan).
- The Shimakaze class (島風) was called Type-C Destroyer (丙型駆逐艦, Hei-gata kuchikukan).
Design basis
The Matsu class were built late in World War II, and they were intended to be more cost-effective in response to the changing character of naval warfare at that time. These ships were lighter and smaller than previous Japanese destroyers, with different armament such as enhanced anti-aircraft guns and anti-submarine weapons, and radar. Since surface warfare was believed to be less likely at this stage of the war, armament such as torpedo tubes that would be useful against surface ships was reduced.
As in other navies during the war, the IJN substantially simplified the design to speed up construction, and used Ōtori class machinery, because high speed was unnecessary for convoy escort operations. However, mass production was not achieved.
The Matsu class design was subsequently further simplified, to give theTachibana class destroyer (橘型駆逐艦, Tachibakna-gata kuchikukan) or Modified Type-D Destroyer (改丁型駆逐艦, Kai Tei-gata kuchikukan). The Tachibana class destroyers adopted first modular design as a Japanese destroyer. Matsu class destroyers whose construction was started late in the programme were completed as Tachibana class.
The IJN converted twelve destroyers to Kaiten mother ships to prepare for the Japanese mainland decisive battle.
Matsu and Tachibana classes compared
Matsu class | Tachibana class | |
Project number | F55 | F55B |
Building method | Ordinary | Modular design |
Main materials | High-Tensile Strength steel (upper deck only) and Carbon steel | Carbon steel only |
Hull | Double bottom | Single bottom |
Bow | Knuckle bow | Straight bow |
Stern | Destroyer stern | Transom stern |
Bilge Keel | Boxy (Solid) | Flat board |
Active sonar | Type 93 | Type 3 |
Hydrophone | Type 93 | Type 4 |
Turbines | high-pressure, intermediate-pressure, low-pressure, and cruising |
high-pressure and low-pressure |
Ships of the classes
Ship # | Japanese name & translation | Class | Builder | Laid down | Launched | Completed | Fate |
5481 | Matsu (松) Pine tree |
Matsu | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 8 August 1943 | 3 February 1944 | 28 April 1944 | Sunk 4 August 1944 |
5482 | Take (竹) Bamboo |
Matsu | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 15 October 1943 | 28 March 1944 | 16 June 1944 | Surrendered to United Kingdom on 16 July 1947 at Singapore, scrapped |
5483 | Ume (梅) Japanese apricot |
Matsu | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | 25 January 1944 | 24 April 1944 | 28 June 1944 | Sunk 31 January 1945 |
5484 | Momo (桃) Peach |
Matsu | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 5 November 1943 | 25 March 1944 | 10 June 1944 | Sunk 15 December 1944 |
5485 | Kuwa (桑) Mulberry |
Matsu | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | 20 December 1943 | 25 May 1944 | 15 July 1944 | Sunk 3 December 1944 |
5486 | Kiri (桐) Paulownia |
Matsu | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 1 February 1944 | 27 May 1944 | 14 August 1944 | Delivered to Soviet Union on 29 July 1947 at Nakhodka, renamed Vozrozhdionny (Возрождённый), converted to target ship TSL-25 (1949) and depot ship PM-65 (1957), scrapped in 1969. |
5487 | Sugi (杉) Cedar |
Matsu | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | 25 February 1944 | 3 July 1944 | 25 August 1944 | Surrendered to Republic of China on 6 July 1947 at Shanghai, renamed Huiyang, scrapped 1951 |
5488 | Maki (槇) Podocarpaceae |
Matsu | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 19 February 1944 | 10 June 1944 | 10 August 1944 | Surrendered to United Kingdom on 14 August 1947 at Singapore, scrapped 1947 |
5489 | Momi (樅) Abies firma |
Matsu | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 1 February 1944 | 16 June 1944 | 3 September 1944 | Sunk 5 January 1945 |
5490 | Kashi (樫) Live oak |
Matsu | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | 5 May 1944 | 13 August 1944 | 30 September 1944 | Surrendered to United States on 7 August 1947 at Sasebo, scrapped 20 March 1948 |
5491 | Yaezakura (八重櫻) Prunus verecunda Antiqua |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 18 December 1944 | 17 March 1945 | Discontinued on 23 June 1945 (60%). Sunk 28 July 1945 | |
5492 | Kaya (榧) Torreya nucifera |
Matsu | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 10 April 1944 | 30 July 1944 | 30 September 1944 | Delivered to Soviet Union on 5 July 1947 at Nakhodka, renamed Volevoy (Волевой), converted to target ship TSL-23 (1949), scrapped in 1959. |
5493 | Nara (楢) Oak |
Matsu | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | 10 June 1944 | 12 October 1944 | 26 November 1944 | Scrapped 1 July 1948 |
5494 | Yadake (矢竹) Arrow bamboo |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 2 January 1945 | 1 May 1945 | Construction stopped 17 April 1945. Launched to empty the dock. Converted to breakwater, 1948 | |
5495 | Kuzu (葛) Kudzu or Madake (真竹) Phyllostachys bambusoides |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 19 March 1945 | Discontinued on 17 April 1945. | ||
5496 | Sakura (櫻) Cherry blossom |
Matsu | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 2 June 1944 | 6 September 1944 | 25 November 1944 | Sunk 11 July 1945 |
5497 | Yanagi (柳) Willow |
Matsu | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | 20 August 1944 | 25 November 1944 | 8 January 1945 | Sunk 9 August 1945 |
5498 | Tsubaki (椿) Camellia |
Matsu | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 20 June 1944 | 30 September 1944 | 30 November 1944 | Scrapped 28 July 1948 |
5499 | Kaki (柿) Persimmon |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 5 October 1944 | 11 December 1944 | 5 March 1945 | Surrendered to United States on 4 July 1947 at Qingdao. Sunk as target off 35°29′N 123°35′E / 35.483°N 123.583°E, 19 August 1947 |
5500 | Kaba (樺) Birch |
Tachibana | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | 15 October 1944 | 27 February 1945 | 29 May 1945 | Surrendered to United States on 4 August 1947 at Sasebo, scrapped 1 March 1948 |
5501 | Hayaume (早梅) The Prunus mume which bloomed early |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | Cancelled in 1945. | |||
5502 | Hinoki (檜) Chamaecyparis obtusa |
Matsu | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 4 March 1944 | 4 July 1944 | 30 September 1944 | Sunk 7 January 1945 |
5503 | Katsura (桂) Cercidiphyllum |
Tachibana | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | 30 November 1944 | 23 June 1945 | Construction stopped 23 June 1945. Converted to breakwater. | |
5504 | Tobiume (飛梅) A sacred Prunus mume at Dazaifu Tenman-gū |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | Cancelled in 1945. | |||
5505 | Kaede (楓) Maple |
Matsu | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 4 March 1944 | 25 June 1944 | 30 October 1944 | Surrendered to Republic of China on 6 July 1947 at Shanghai, renamed Hengyang, scrapped 1962 |
5506 | Fuji (藤) Wisteria |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | Cancelled in 1945. | |||
5507 | Wakazakura (若櫻) Young cherry blossom |
Tachibana | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | 15 January 1945 | Discontinued on 11 May 1945, scrapped. | ||
5508 | Keyaki (欅) Zelkova serrata |
Matsu | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 22 June 1944 | 30 September 1944 | 15 December 1944 | Surrendered to United States on 5 July 1947 at Yokosuka, Sunk as target off 34°44′N 140°01′E / 34.733°N 140.017°E, 29 October 1947 |
5509 | Yamazakura (山櫻) Cherry blossom at mountain |
Tachibana | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | Cancelled in 1945. | |||
5510 | Ashi (葦) Phragmites |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | Cancelled on 26 March 1945. | |||
5511 | Tachibana (橘) Citrus tachibana |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 8 July 1944 | 14 October 1944 | 20 January 1945 | Sunk 14 July 1945 |
5512 | Shinodake (篠竹) Simon bamboo |
Tachibana | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | Cancelled in 1945. | |||
5513 | Yomogi (蓬) Artemisia vulgaris |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | Cancelled in 1945. | |||
5514 | Tsuta (蔦) Parthenocissus tricuspidata |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 31 July 1944 | 2 November 1944 | 8 February 1945 | Surrendered to Republic of China on 31 July 1947 at Shanghai, renamed Huayang. |
5515 | Aoi (葵) Malvaceae |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | Cancelled in 1945. | |||
5516 | Shiraume (白梅) White petal of Prunus mume |
Tachibana | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | Cancelled in 1945. | |||
5517 | Hagi (萩) Lespedeza |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 11 September 1944 | 27 November 1944 | 1 March 1945 | Surrendered to United Kingdom on 16 July 1947 at Singapore, scrapped |
5518 | Kiku (菊) Chrysanthemum |
Tachibana | Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard | Cancelled in 1945. | |||
5519 | Kashiwa (柏) Daimyo oak |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | Cancelled in 1945. | |||
5520 | Sumire (菫) Viola |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 21 October 1944 | 27 December 1944 | 26 March 1945 | Surrendered to United Kingdom on 23 August 1947 at Hong Kong, sunk as target 1947 |
5521 | Kusunoki (楠) Cinnamomum camphora |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 9 November 1944 | 8 January 1945 | 28 April 1945 | Surrendered to United Kingdom on 1947 |
5522 | Hatsuzakura (初櫻) Year's first cherry blossom |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 4 December 1944 | 10 February 1945 | 18 May 1945 | Delivered to Soviet Union on 29 July 1947 at Nakhodka, renamed Vetrenny and soon Vyrazitel'ny (Выразительный), converted to target ship TSL-26 (1949), scrapped in 1958. |
4801 | Kigiku (黄菊) Yellow chrysanthemum |
Tachibana | Cancelled in March 1945. | ||||
4802 | Hatsugiku (初菊) Year's first chrysanthemum |
Tachibana | Cancelled in March 1945. | ||||
4803 | Akane (茜) Madder |
Tachibana | Cancelled in March 1945. | ||||
4804 | Shiragiku (白菊) White Chrysanthemum |
Tachibana | Cancelled in March 1945. | ||||
4805 | Chigusa (千草) Grass |
Tachibana | Cancelled in March 1945. | ||||
4806 | Wakakusa (若草) Spring grass |
Tachibana | Cancelled in March 1945. | ||||
4807 | Natsugusa (夏草) Summer grass |
Tachibana | Cancelled in March 1945. | ||||
4808 | Akikusa (秋草) Autumn grass |
Tachibana | Cancelled in March 1945. | ||||
4809 | Nire (楡) Elm |
Tachibana | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 14 August 1944 | 25 November 1944 | 31 January 1945 | Scrapped April 1948 |
4810 | Nashi (梨) Pyrus pyrifolia |
Tachibana | Kōbe-Kawasaki Shipbuilding Yard | 1 September 1944 | 17 January 1945 | 15 March 1945 | Sunk 26 July 1945. Salvaged on 30 September 1954, Transferred to JDS Wakaba on 31 May 1956. |
4811 | Shii (椎) Castanopsis |
Tachibana | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 18 September 1944 | 13 January 1945 | 13 March 1945 | Delivered to Soviet Union on 5 July 1947 at Nakhodka, renamed Vol'ny (Вольный), converted to target ship TSL-24 (1949), scrapped in 1960. |
4812 | Enoki (榎) Japanese Hackberry |
Tachibana | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 14 October 1944 | 27 January 1945 | 31 March 1945 | Sunk 26 June 1945, scrapped 1948 |
4813 | Azusa (梓) Catalpa |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 29 December 1944 | Discontinued on 17 April 1945. | ||
4814 | Odake (雄竹) Fat tall Bamboo |
Tachibana | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 5 November 1944 | 10 March 1945 | 15 May 1945 | Surrendered to United States on 14 July 1947 at Qingdao. Sunk as target off 35°29′N 122°52′E / 35.483°N 122.867°E, 17 September 1947 |
4815 | Hatsuume (初梅) Year's first Prunus mume |
Tachibana | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 8 December 1944 | 25 April 1945 | 18 June 1945 | Surrendered to Republic of China on 6 July 1947 at Shanghai, renamed Hsinyang, scrapped 1961 |
4816 | Tochi (栃) Aesculus |
Tachibana | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 23 January 1945 | (28 May 1945) | Discontinued on 18 May 1945. Converted to breakwater. | |
4817 | Hishi (菱) Water caltrop |
Tachibana | Maizuru Naval Arsenal | 10 February 1945 | Discontinued on 17 April 1945. | ||
4818 | Susuki (薄) Miscanthus sinensis |
Tachibana | Cancelled in March 1945. | ||||
4819 | Nogiku (野菊) Aster |
Tachibana | Cancelled in March 1945. | ||||
4820 | Sakaki (榊) Sakaki |
Tachibana | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal | 29 December 1944 | Discontinued on 17 April 1945. | ||
4821 to 4832 |
12 destroyers | Tachibana | Cancelled in March 1945. | ||||
80 destroyers | Kai-Tachibana | Cancelled on 30 June 1945. |
See also
Media related to Matsu class destroyers at Wikimedia Commons
Notes
- ^ Fitzsimons, Bernard, general editor. Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare (London: Phoebus, 1978), Volume 17, p.1853, "Matsu".
- ^ a b c d e Fitzsimons, Volume 17, p.1853, "Matsu".
- ^ Microform by "The National Institute for Defense Studies http://www.nids.go.jp/".
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- ^ Converted to the Take, Kiri, Sugi, Maki, Kashi, Kaya, Kaede, Tsuta, Hagi, Nire, Nashi and Sii, from May to July 1945.
Books
- "Rekishi Gunzō"., History of Pacific War Vol.43 Matsu class destroyers, Gakken (Japan), November 2003, ISBN 4-05-603251-3
- "Rekishi Gunzō"., History of Pacific War Vol.51 The truth of Imperial Japanese Vessels Histories 2, Gakken (Japan), August 2005, ISBN 4-05-604083-4
- Collection of writings by Sizuo Fukui Vol.5, Stories of Japanese Destroyers, Kōjinsha (Japan) 1993, ISBN 4-7698-0611-6
- Model Art Extra No.340, Drawings of Imperial Japanese Naval Vessels Part-1, Model Art Co. Ltd. (Japan), October 1989, Book code 08734-10
- Daiji Katagiri, Ship Name Chronicles of the Imperial Japanese Navy Combined Fleet, Kōjinsha (Japan), June 1988, ISBN 4-7698-0386-9
- The Maru Special, Japanese Naval Vessels No.41 Japanese Destroyers I, Ushio Shobō (Japan), July 1980, Book code 68343-42
- Fitzsimons, Bernard, general editor. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Weapons and Warfare, Volume 17, p. 1854, "Matsu". London: Phoebus Publishing, 1978.