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Ni una menos

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For the Peruvian #NiUnaMenos march of August 13, 2016, see NiUnaMenos (Peru).
Ni una menos
Formation2015
TypeSocial movement
Location
  • Argentina
Websiteniunamenos.org.ar

Ni una menos (Spanish: [ni ˈuna ˈmenos]; Spanish for "Not one [woman] less") is a Latin American fourth-wave[3] grassroots[4] feminist movement, which started in Argentina and has spread across several Latin American countries, that campaigns against gender-based violence. In its official website, Ni una menos defines itself as a "collective scream against machista violence."[5] The campaign was started by a collective of Argentine female artists, journalists and academics, and has grown into "a continental alliance of feminist forces".[6] The movement regularly holds protests against femicides, but has also touched on topics such as gender roles, sexual harassment, gender pay gap, sexual objectification, legality of abortion, sex workers' rights and transgender rights.

The movement became nationally recognized with the use of the hashtag #NiUnaMenos on social media, title under which massive demonstrations were held on June 3, 2015, having the Palace of the Argentine National Congress as a main meeting point. The protest was organized after the murder of 14-year-old Chiara Paez, found buried underneath her boyfriend's house on May 11, beaten to death and a few weeks pregnant.[7] A viral phenomenon which extended to countries such as Uruguay and Chile,[8] it managed to congregate around 200,000 people in Buenos Aires alone.[9] On June 3, 2016 the multitudinous demonstration took place once again throughout Argentina's most important cities, under the new slogan #VivasNosQueremos (English: #WeWantUsAlive);[10][11] the march was also replicated in Montevideo, Uruguay and Santiago, Chile.[12][13] A #NiUnaMenos march also took place in Lima, Peru on August 13, 2016, with thousands of people gathering in front of the Palace of Justice.[14] Newspaper La República considered it the largest demonstration in Peruvian history.[15]

On October 19, 2016 the Ni una menos collective organized a first-ever women mass strike in Argentina, in response to the murder of 16-year-old Lucía Pérez, who was raped and impaled in the coastal city of Mar del Plata.[16][17] It consisted of a one-hour pause from work and study early in the afternoon, with protesters dressed in mourning for what was known as Miércoles negro (Spanish for "Black Wednesday").[18] These protests became region-wide and gave the movement a greater international momentum, with street demonstrations also taking place in Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico and Spain.[19][20][21] A week later, a protest also took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, which has been considered "yet another clear sign that Ni una menos has become a rallying cry for the region."[22] On March 8, 2017, Ni una menos took part of the International Women's Strike.[6] The strike was spearheaded in the United States by the leaders of the Women's March on Washington, who in a call to arms letter in The Guardian pointed to Ni una menos as an inspiration.[23][24]

In 2016, Argentine scientists Julián Petrulevičius and Pedro Gutiérrez named Tupacsala niunamenos, a dragonfly species found in La Rioja, after the movement. The genus Tupacsala was chosen in honor of Túpac Amaru II and Milagro Sala's organization named after him.[25]

Origin

The collective takes its name from a 1995 phrase by Mexican poet and activist Susana Chávez, "Ni una muerta más" (Spanish for "Not one more [woman] dead"), in protest to the female homicides in Ciudad Juárez. Chávez herself was assassinated in 2011, moment in which the phrase became a "symbol of struggle".[26][27] The first protest organized by Ni una menos was held in Recoleta, Buenos Aires on March 26, 2015, and consisted of a reading marathon, performance art and screenings; the catalyst of the event was the murder of Daiana García, found dead in a garbage bag on March 16.[28]

Criticism

The movement has been criticized by some journalists, especially since 2017, for some of its demands, such as the freedom of Milagro Sala.[29]

See also

References

  1. ^ Roffo, Julieta (May 29, 2015). "Un estallido de imágenes para decir #NiUnaMenos". Clarín (in Spanish). Clarín Group. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  2. ^ Roffo, Julieta (April 9, 2017). "El emotivo homenaje de Liniers a Micaela" (in Spanish). Infobae. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  3. ^ Young, Linda (December 11, 2017). "A Women's Strike Organizer on Feminism for the 99 Percent". Broadly. Vice Media. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  4. ^ Palmer, Rose (December 15, 2017). "Ni Una Menos: An Uprising of Women in Argentina". Culture Trip. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  5. ^ "Qué es Ni una menos" (in Spanish). Ni una menos. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
  6. ^ a b Gago, Verónica; Santomaso, Agustina (March 7, 2017). "Argentina's Life-or-Death Women's Movement". Jacobin. Bhaskar Sunkara. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  7. ^ Pomeraniec, Hinde (June 8, 2015). "How Argentina rose up against the murder of women". theguardian.com. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  8. ^ "En Uruguay, Chile y México también: ¡Ni una menos!" (in Spanish). La Izquierda Diario. June 4, 2015. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  9. ^ Porter, Tom (June 4, 2015). "Argentina: 200,000 rally against femicide and domestic violence in Buenos Aires". International Business Times. IBT Media. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  10. ^ "Multitudinaria marcha en Buenos Aires contra la violencia machista". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). Grupo Zeta. June 4, 2016. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  11. ^ Rodríguez, Fernando (June 3, 2016). "NiUnaMenos: 275 femicidios entre una marcha y otra". La Nación (in Spanish). SA La Nación. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  12. ^ "Uruguay: Miles de personas marchan contra la violencia hacia las mujeres". CrónicaViva (in Spanish). Universidad Jaime Bausate y Meza. June 4, 2016. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  13. ^ "Marchan en Argentina, Chile y Uruguay contra feminicidios" (in Spanish). Periódico Vanguardia. June 3, 2016. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  14. ^ "#NiUnaMenos: así fue la marcha contra la violencia a la mujer". El Comercio (in Spanish). Grupo El Comercio. August 14, 2016. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  15. ^ Chinchay, Maricarmen; Cortijo, Carlos (August 14, 2016). "La más grande de la historia". La República (in Spanish). Grupo La República. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  16. ^ Schinca, Ximena (October 19, 2016). "Women set for first-ever general strike in Argentine history". Buenos Aires Herald. Editorial Amfin S.A. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  17. ^ Pardo, Daniel (October 14, 2016). "El "aberrante" caso del empalamiento de una niña de 16 años que indigna a Argentina" (in Spanish). BBC Mundo. BBC World Service. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  18. ^ "Women Across Latin America Protest After The Rape And Murder Of A Teenage Girl". HuffPost. AOL. October 20, 2016. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  19. ^ Gordon, Sarah (October 21, 2016). "NiUnaMenos: How the brutal gang rape and murder of a schoolgirl united the furious women of Latin America". telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  20. ^ "#NiUnaMenos: Varios países se suman al clamor de Argentina". El Comercio (in Spanish). Grupo El Comercio. October 19, 2016. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  21. ^ Goñi, Uki (October 20, 2016). "Argentina's women joined across South America in marches against violence". theguardian.com. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  22. ^ Jensen, Emily (October 26, 2016). "Ni Una Menos Reaches Rio: Is There Hope To End Gender Violence In Brazil?". The Bubble. Archived from the original on April 15, 2018. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  23. ^ Beatley, Megan (March 9, 2017). "Meet the Argentine Women Behind Ni Una Menos, the Feminist Collective Angela Davis Cites as Inspiration". Remezcla. Remezcla LLC. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  24. ^ Alcoff, Linda Martín; Arruzza, Cinzia; Bhattacharya, Tithi; Fraser, Nancy; Ransby, Barbara; Taylor, Keeanga-Yamahtta; Odeh, Rasmea; Davis, Angela (February 6, 2017). "Women of America: we're going on strike. Join us so Trump will see our power". theguardian.com. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  25. ^ "Argentinala Cristinae: dos científicos del Conicet bautizaron a un insecto "en honor" a Cristina Kirchner". La Nación (in Spanish). SA La Nación. April 14, 2017. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  26. ^ "#NiUnaMenos: ¿Quién fue la autora de la consigna que une a miles contra la violencia de género?" (in Spanish). Minutouno.com. June 3, 2015. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
  27. ^ Subirana Abanto, Katherine (March 4, 2018). "El tiempo de la acción". El Comercio (in Spanish). Retrieved March 26, 2018.
  28. ^ "Maratón de lectura contra los femicidios" (in Spanish). Sur Capitalino. March 26, 2015. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  29. ^ "La politización de Ni Una Menos: áspero debate en Intratables. Mirá el video". El Intransigente (in Spanish). Infobae. June 5, 2017. Archived from the original on October 12, 2017. Retrieved June 25, 2017.
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