North American P-64
| NA-50, NA-68/P-64 | |
|---|---|
| |
| Role | Fighter |
| Manufacturer | North American Aviation |
| First flight | May 1939 (NA-50)[1] 1 September 1940 (NA-68)[2] |
| Retired | 1950 (Peru) |
| Primary users | Peru United States Army Air Forces |
| Number built | 13 |
| Developed from | North American NA-16 |
P-64 was the designation assigned by the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) to the North American Aviation NA-68 fighter, an upgraded variant of the NA-50 developed during the late 1930s. Seven NA-50s were purchased by the Peruvian Air Force, which nicknamed it Torito ("Little Bull").
Six NA-68s ordered by the Royal Thai Air Force were seized before export by the US government in 1941, after the Franco-Thai War and growing ties between Thailand and the Empire of Japan. These aircraft were used by the USAAC as unarmed fighter trainers.
The Peruvian NA-50s subsequently saw action during the Ecuadorian-Peruvian War of 1941.
Design and development
The North American NA-50 was developed by the North American Aviation as a simple single seat, low-wing, single engine fighter for export. The design was developed from the NA-16/BT-9 basic training aircraft of 1935. The NA-16 evolved into a series of aircraft that were some of the most widely used advanced and basic training aircraft produced by any country and provided the basic design for a single engine fighter intended for small countries that needed a simple aircraft with modern capabilities and features.
The NA-50 Torito (Spanish slang for "little bull"), built for Peru, was a single-seat fighter design based on the two-seat Basic Combat Demonstrator NA-44. The NA-50 was powered by an 870 hp (650 kW) Wright R-1820-77 radial air-cooled engine and was armed with two .30 in (7.62 mm) M1919 Browning machine guns. The aircraft were manufactured in May 1939, and test flown at the factory. [1]
In 1940, the Royal Thai Air Force ordered six aircraft similar to the NA-50 that were designated NA-68. The changes in the NA-68 included a modified landing gear, new outer wings, heavier armament, and redesigned tail surfaces similar to those adopted on later production trainers. North American Test pilot Lewis Waite flew the first NA-68 on 1 September 1940.[2]
Operational history
Peru purchased seven aircraft for the Peruvian Air Force, with deliveries completed in May 1939. In Peruvian service, these aircraft were fitted with bomb racks under the fuselage for light bombs. The Peruvian NA-50s took part in the Ecuadorian-Peruvian war of July 1941, supporting Army of Peru ground forces.[3]
In 1940, the NA-68s (along with a parallel order for NA-69 two seaters) ordered by the Royal Thai Air Force were en route to Thailand when their export clearance was cancelled and were returned to the United States where they were assigned the designation P-64, disarmed and used for advanced fighter training.
Survivors
- NA-50 XXI-41-3 (c/n 50-950). One of the original seven NA-50s built is displayed on a pedestal in front of the Museo Aeronáutico del Perú at Las Palmas Air Base, Lima, Peru, and next to the Mausoleum of Captain José Quiñones Gonzáles, (a Peruvian national hero who died while flying an NA-50). This example was initially assigned to Escuadrón de Aviación No.1 (Chiclayo Field) and was later transferred to the 28th Advanced Fighter Training Group, 4th squadron until retired in 1967.[4]
- NA-68A 41-19085 (c/n 68-3061). One of the six intercepted Thai-bound P-64s survives and after being used for training and liaison, is now on display at the EAA AirVenture Museum.
Operators
Specifications (NA-68/P-64)
Data from [citation needed]
General characteristics
- Crew: One
Performance
Armament
- 2 × .30 in (7.62 mm) machine guns
- 2 × 20 mm cannons
- Up to 400 lb (180 kg) of bombs
See also
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
Related lists
References
- Notes
- ^ a b Green 1961, p. 134.
- ^ a b Gates, John and Tom Lymburn. "North American P-64/NA-50 – N840." AirVenture Museum. Retrieved: 6 January 2012.
- ^ Cooper, Tom Cooper and Esteban Rivera."The Most Powerful Air Force in Latin America." Acig.org, 1 September 2003. Retrieved: 26 March 2010.
- ^ Hanson, David. "NA-50A XXI-41-3 history." daveswarbirds.com. Retrieved: 26 March 2010.
- ^ Von Gilder, Eric. "QB-39 North American NA-50 replica." vg-photo.com, 8 June 2009. Retrieved: 26 March 2010.
- Bibliography
- Green, William. War Planes of the Second World War - Fighters (Vol 4). London: MacDonald, 1961.