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=== From feminists ===
=== From feminists ===
Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff, a former ardent Quiverfull adherent, birth-mother of eleven children, and former editor of ''Gentle Spirit Magazine'', argues that the Quiverfull movement is one "in which women and children are routinely and systematically subordinated and subjugated by the men in their lives - fathers, husbands, older sons,. . .pastors, elders, leaders - as a matter of biblical principle."<ref name="Seelhoff-3">{{cite journal | author=Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff| title=I Name (and Blame) the Patriarchs, Part 2: Fallacies About the Full Quiver Movement| journal=Of Our Backs Feminist Newsjournal| date=November 29, 2006| url=http://womensspace.wordpress.com/2006/11/29}}</ref> Seelhoff charges that Quiverful adherents "never talk about the victims of the movement, other than to distance themselves, to explain how it is that the victims are aberrations." <ref name="Seelhoff-1">{{cite journal | author=Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff| title=I Name the Patriarchs, Part I: The Truth About “Full Quiver” Families| journal=Women's Space Word Press| date=November 14, 2006| url=http://womensspace.wordpress.com/2006/11/14/i-name-the-patriarchy-part-i-the-truth-about-full-quiver-women/}}</ref><ref name="Seelhoff-2">{{cite journal | author=Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff| title=Confronting the Religious Right| journal=Of Our Backs Feminist Newsjournal| year=2006| volume=36| issue=3}}</ref>
Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff, a former ardent Quiverfull adherent, birth-mother of eleven children, and former editor of ''Gentle Spirit Magazine'', argues that the Quiverfull movement is one "in which women and children are routinely and systematically subordinated and subjugated by the men in their lives - fathers, husbands, older sons,. . .pastors, elders, leaders - as a matter of biblical principle."<ref name="Seelhoff-3">{{cite journal | author=Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff| title=I Name (and Blame) the Patriarchs, Part 2: Fallacies About the Full Quiver Movement| journal=Of Our Backs Feminist Newsjournal| date=November 29, 2006| url=http://womensspace.wordpress.com/2006/11/29}}</ref> Seelhoff charges that Quiverful adherents "never talk about the victims of the movement, other than to distance themselves, to explain how it is that the victims are aberrations." <ref name="Seelhoff-1">{{cite journal | author=Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff| title=I Name the Patriarchs, Part I: The Truth About “Full Quiver” Families| journal=Women's Space Word Press| date=November 14, 2006| url=http://womensspace.wordpress.com/2006/11/14/i-name-the-patriarchy-part-i-the-truth-about-full-quiver-women/}}</ref><ref name="Seelhoff-2">{{cite journal | author=Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff| title=Confronting the Religious Right| journal=Of Our Backs Feminist Newsjournal| year=2006| volume=36| issue=3}}</ref>

==Controversies==
=== Andrea Yates ===
{{Refimprovesect|date=September 2009}}
Seelhoff and others claim that [[Andrea Yates]] was a victim of Quiverfull thought. Yates and her husband Rusty described themselves as nondenominational Christians who did not use birth control, agreeing to accept as many children as God sent their way. Andrea Yates had a history of post-partum depression and was strongly advised by her psychiatrist not to have more children, but her husband, Russell "Rusty" Yates, persuaded her to stop taking her medication and conceive her fifth and last child. Andrea also homeschooled all her children, and Rusty led a "home church" wherein he was the sole interpreter of the Bible.

On June 20, 2001, Andrea murdered her five young children, ages six-months, two, three, five, and seven, by drowning them in their home bathtub. She was originally found guilty of murder in the first degree, but her conviction was overturned through appeal due to false testimony of an expert witness hired by the prosecution. A second trial determined she was [[not guilty by reason of insanity]]. She was confined indefinitely in a Texas state mental health facility.

Her husband, Russell Yates, was advised by her doctor not to leave his depressed wife alone (apparently because she had a history of suicidal thoughts); however, he began leaving her alone with the children for an hour in the morning and evening just prior to the drownings, against the objection of Andrea's mother. Although his actions suggested negligent endangerment of his children, the Texas District Attorney decided against prosecuting him after a brief investigation. Russell eventually divorced Andrea and remarried two days prior to the scheduled but postponed retrial.

Quiverfull adherents argue that the Yateses never specifically self-identified as Quiverfull and thereby reject that they were actually part of the movement. However, they were adherents of a preacher named [[Michael Peter Woroniecki]], who espouses ideas similar to those in the Quiverfull movement.<ref name="Seelhoff-1">{{cite journal | author=[[Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff]]| title=I Name the Patriarchs, Part I: The Truth About “Full Quiver” Families| journal=Women's Space Word Press| date=November 14, 2006| url=http://womensspace.wordpress.com/2006/11/14/i-name-the-patriarchy-part-i-the-truth-about-full-quiver-women/}}</ref><ref name="yates">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thenewhomemaker.com/quiverfullconvicted|title="Quiver-full Convicted: The Andrea Yates case throws a spotlight on a controversial Christian movement"|accessdate = 2006-11-12|publisher=The New Homemaker}} The author of the article, Dawn Friedman, discusses her article further at her personal blog at http://www.thiswomanswork.com/2002/07/31/negative-test-and-andrea-yates/</ref><ref name="freeinquiry">{{cite journal | author=Joan Kennedy Taylor| title=What Weren't We Discussing about ''Andrea Yates?''| journal=[[Free Inquiry]]| year=Summer 2002| volume=22| issue=3| url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=6842652&site=ehost-live| pages=20–22}}</ref><ref name="oprah-mag">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oprah.com/omagazine/200202/omag_200202_yates.jhtml|title=A Cry in the Dark|accessdate=2007-01-22|publisher=O Magazine|year=Feb. 2002|author=Suzanne O'Malley}}</ref><ref name="time-yates">{{cite journal | author=Timothy Roche| title=The Yates Odyssey| journal=TIME Magazine| date=January 20, 2002| url=http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,195325,00.html}}</ref><ref>Note: Although the Yates' preacher [[Michael Peter Woroniecki]] was not affiliated with any Christian organizations, his procreation teachings largely follow the principles of the Quiverful Movement.</ref>


==Quiverfull in U.S. national press==
==Quiverfull in U.S. national press==

Revision as of 00:13, 17 February 2010

Quiverfull is a movement among conservative evangelical Christian couples chiefly in the United States, but with some adherents in Canada,[1] Australia, New Zealand, England and elsewhere.[2] It promotes procreation, and sees children as a blessing from God,[2][3][4] eschewing all forms of birth control, including natural family planning and sterilization.[5][6] Adherents are known as "quiver full", "full quiver", "quiverfull-minded", or simply "QF" Christians. Some refer to the Quiverfull position as Providentialism,[7] while other sources have referred to it as a manifestation of natalism.[8][9] Currently several thousand Christians worldwide identify with this movement.[5] It began to receive significant attention in the U.S. national press in 2004.

Historical backdrop

Also see: History of Birth Control

Some of the beliefs held among Quiverfull adherents have been held among various Christians during prior eras of history. Initially, all Christian movements opposed the use of birth control. As birth control methods advanced during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, most Christian movements issued official statements against their use.

Anglican allowance of birth control and feminism

In 1930 the Lambeth Conference issued a statement permitting birth control "when there is a clearly felt moral obligation to limit or avoid parenthood and where there is a morally sound reason for avoiding complete abstinence." Primary materials on the contemporary debate indicate a wide variety of opinion on the matter. Coinciding, a feminist movement which began about a decade earlier under American Birth Control League (which eventually became Planned Parenthood) founder Margaret Sanger emerged to advocate for modern birth control.[10][11] In the decades that followed, birth control became gradually accepted among Protestants, even among the most conservative evangelicals.[12][13][14][15]

Early Quiverfull authors

Mary Pride's first book, The Way Home: Beyond Feminism Back to Reality (1985), is credited as helping to spearhead the Quiverfull movement.
      Main article: Mary Pride
      Also see: Feminism, Anti-feminism, and Birth control

Within that context, Quiverfull as a modern Christian movement began to emerge.[16] While a newsletter by Nancy Campbell espoused Quiverfull ideas early, and Campbell is in measure responsible for formulating them, the movement sparked most fully after the 1985 publication of Mary Pride’s book The Way Home: Beyond Feminism, Back to Reality.

In her book, Pride chronicled her journey away from what she stated were feminist and anti-natal ideas of happiness, within which she had lived as an activist before her conversion to conservative evangelical Christianity in 1977, toward her discovery of happiness surrounding what she said was the biblically mandated role of wives and mothers as bearers of children and workers in the home under the authority of a husband. Pride wrote that such a lifestyle was generally biblically required of all married Christian women but that most Christian women had been unknowingly duped by feminism, especially in their acceptance of birth control.[15][17]

The Christian quiverfull movement derives its name from Psalm 127:3-5, where many children are metaphorically referred to as a quiver full of arrows.

As the basis for her arguments, Pride selected numerous Bible verses to lay out what she felt was the biblical role of women. These included verses she saw as containing her ideas of childbearing and non-usage of birth control, which she argued were opposed to what she called "the feminist agenda" by which she had formerly lived. Pride's explanations became a spearheading basis of Quiverfull.

The name of the Quiverfull movement comes from the Old Testament Bible verses in Psalm 127:3-5 that Pride cited in The Way Home.[17]

Lo, children are an heritage of the LORD:
and the fruit of the womb is his reward.
As arrows are in the hand of a mighty man;
so are children of the youth.
Happy is the man that hath his quiver full of them:
they shall not be ashamed,
but they shall speak with the enemies in the gate.(emphasis added).KJV

Pride stated in her book, "The church’s sin which has caused us to become unsavory salt incapable of uplifting the society around us is selfishness, lack of love, refusing to consider children an unmitigated blessing. In a word, family planning."[17]

Consolidation and growth of movement

After the publication of Pride’s The Way Home, various church women and others took up her book and ideas and spread them through informal social networks. Around this time, numerous church pastors issued sermons in accord with Pride's ideas and various small publications and a few Quiverfull-oriented books emerged.

As the Internet exploded onto the scene several years later, the informal networks gradually took on more organized forms as Quiverfull adherents developed numerous Quiverfull-oriented organizations, books, listserves, websites, and digests, most notably The Quiverfull Digest. The largely decentralized "Quiverfull" movement resulted.[5][18]

From their onset, Quiverfull ideas have sometimes had a polarizing effect between Christians who hold to the position and those who are skeptical of or disagree with them.[15][19]

Motivations

Obedience to God

The core motivation expressed by Quiverfull authors and adherents is a desire to be obedient to God's commands in the Bible. Among these commands, "be fruitful and multiply" (Genesis 1:22; 9:7), "behold, children are a gift of the Lord" (Psalm 127:3), and passages showing God acting to open and close the womb (Genesis 20:18, 29:31, 30:22; 1 Samuel 1:5-6; Isaiah 66:9) are interpreted as giving basis for their view. Quiverfull adherents typically maintain that their philosophy is first about an open, accepting and obedient attitude toward the possibility of birthing children. Within the view, this attitude may result in many, few or even no children, because God Himself maintains sole provenance over conception and birth. The duty of the Quiverfull adherent is only to maintain an "open willingness" to joyfully receive and not thwart however many children God chooses to bestow. Contraception in all its forms is seen as inconsistent with this attitude and is thus entirely avoided, as is abortion.

Missionary effort

Quiverfull's principal authors and its adherents also describe their motivation as a missionary effort to raise up many Christian children to affect the world for the cause of the Christian religion.[2] Its distinguishing viewpoint is to eagerly receive children as blessings from God,[2][4] eschewing all forms of contraception, including natural family planning and sterilization.[5][17]

Population and demography

According to journalist Kathryn Joyce, writing in the magazine The Nation, "[T]he Quiverfull mission is rooted in faith, the unseen, its mandate to be fruitful and multiply," even if it "has tangible results as well."[20] Although Joyce claims that "Population is a preoccupation for many Quiverfull believers... [and] [t]he motivations aren't always racist, but the subtext of "race suicide" is often there,[5]," she admits that "this is what Quiverfull is about: faith, pure and simple." [20]

Beliefs

The cover of the 1990 A Full Quiver: Family Planning and the Lordship of Christ by Rick and Jan Hess.

The principal Quiverfull belief is that Christians should maintain a strongly welcoming attitude toward the possibility of bearing children. With minor exceptions, adherents reject birth control use as completely incompatible with this belief.

Majority doctrine

Most Quiverfull adherents consider children to be unqualified blessings; gifts which should be received happily from God. Quiverfull authors Rick and Jan Hess argued for this belief in their 1990 book.

"Behold, children are a gift of the Lord." (Psa. 127:3) Do we really believe that? If children are a gift from God, let’s for the sake of argument ask ourselves what other gift or blessing from God we would reject. Money? Would we reject great wealth if God gave it? Not likely! How about good health? Many would say that a man’s health is his most treasured possession. But children? Even children given by God? "That’s different!" some will plead! All right, is it different? God states right here in no-nonsense language that children are gifts. Do we believe His Word to be true?[2]

Quiverfull authors such as Pride, Provan, and Hess extend this idea to mean that if one child is a blessing, then each additional child is likewise a blessing and not something to be viewed as economically burdensome or unaffordable. When a couple seeks to control family size via birth control they are thus "rejecting God's blessings" he might otherwise give, and possibly breaking his commandment to "be fruitful and multiply".[2][17][21][22]

File:Charles D. Provan - The Bible and Birth Control.jpg
Charles D. Provan's 1989 The Bible and Birth Control is credited as strengthening the theological justification for the Quiverfull movement.

Accordingly, Quiverfull theology opposes the general acceptance among Protestant Christians of deliberately limiting family size or spacing children through birth control. For example, Mary Pride argued, "God commanded that sex be at least potentially fruitful (that is, not deliberately unfruitful).... All forms of sex that shy away from marital fruitfulness are perverted."[17] Adherents believe that God himself controls via Providence how many and how often children are conceived and born, pointing to Bible verses that describe God acting to "open and close the womb" (see Genesis 20:18, 29:31, 30:22; 1 Samuel 1:5-6; Isaiah 66:9).[2][23] Hess and Hess state that couples "just need to trust God to provide them with the perfect number of children for their situation."[2]

Rejection of birth control by some Quiverfull adherents is based upon the belief that the Genesis creation and post-Noahic flood Bible passages to "be fruitful and multiply" (see Genesis 1:22; 9:7) are un-rescinded biblical commandments. For example, Charles D. Provan argues,

"Be fruitful and multiply" ... is a command of God, indeed the first command to a married couple. Birth control obviously involves disobedience to this command, for birth control attempts to prevent being fruitful and multiplying. Therefore birth control is wrong, because it involves disobedience to the Word of God. Nowhere is this command done away with in the entire Bible; therefore it still remains valid for us today.[21]

Quiverfull advocates such as Hess and Hess and Rachel Giove Scott, believe that the Devil deceives Christian couples into using birth control so that children God otherwise willed to create are prevented from being born.[2][23] A Quiverfull adherent quoted in 1991 in the Calgary Herald made the statement: "Children are made in God's image, and the enemy hates that image, so the more of them he can prevent from being born, the more he likes it."[1]

Infertility

Adherents view barrenness, referred to as an "empty quiver" by adherents,[citation needed] as something to be accepted from God if that is His choice, while also making it a matter of prayer in the belief that God may wish to miraculously intervene. Infertility treatments are seen as a usurpation of God's providence and accordingly rejected. Adoption is viewed as a positive option in which couples also rely on God's providence to send children. Biblical references to God's love for the orphan and to the belief that persons are saved through adoption into God's family are often noted.

Some circles do accept medical intervention, if they are not inherently abortifacient, since improving opportunities for pregnancy is not seen to guarantee it any more than with any healthy couple. Also, some reproductive health issues may be symptomatic of other health issues that need to be addressed generally.

Minority doctrine

Also see: Pragmatism

Not all Quiverfull families and authors would agree with each statement made by the movement's principal authors.

Samuel Owens considers that there may be aspects of a fallen universe that sometimes justify an option to use a non–potentially abortive birth control method. Example situations include serious illnesses, inevitable Caesarian sections, and other problematic situations, such as disabling mental instability and serious marital disharmony. Owens additionally argues that birth control may be permissible for married couples called to a "higher moral purpose" than having children, such as caring long-term for many orphans or serving as career missionaries in a dangerous location.[24]

Despite some variances, all Quiverfull families and authors agree that God's normative ideal for happy, healthy and prosperous married couples is to take no voluntary actions to prevent having children.[2][4]

Practices

Non-use of contraception

Also see: Fertility and Infertility, and Protestant views on contraception

Quiverfull adherents maintain that God "opens and closes the womb" of a woman on a case-by-case basis, and that attempts to regulate fertility are a subjugation of divine power. Thus, the key practice of a Quiverfull married couple is to not use any form of birth control and to maintain continual "openness to children", to the possibility of conception, during routine sexual intercourse irrespective of timing of the month during the ovulation cycle. This is considered by Quiverfull adherents to be a principal, if not the primary, aspect of their Christian calling in submission to the lordship of Christ.[25]

Some Quiverfull adherents advocate for child spacing through breastfeeding, so return of fertility after childbirth could be delayed by lactational amenorrhea.

Family organization, homeschooling, homesteading

Also see: Family and Patriarchy

Quiverfull authors and adherents advocate for and seek to model a return to Biblical Patriarchy. Families are typically arranged with the mother as a homemaker under the authority of her husband with the children under the authority of both. Parents seek to largely shelter their children from aspects of culture they as parents deem adversarial to their type of conservative Christianity.

Additionally, Quiverfull families are strongly inclined toward homeschooling and homesteading in a rural area. However, exceptions exist in substantial enough portion to where these latter two items are general and often idealized correlates to Quiverfull practices and not integral parts of them.[26]

Sterilization reversals

Quiverfull adherents Brad and Dawn Irons run Blessed Arrows Sterilization Reversal Ministry. The couple advocates for Quiverfull ideas while providing funding, physician referrals, and support to Protestants wishing to undergo sterilization reversal surgery.[27] Protestants such as Bill Gothard also advocate for reversals, saying that sterilized couples have "cut off children" but should instead devote themselves to "raising up godly seed".

Criticisms

From Protestants

Jeffrey J. Meyers examines the biblical and theological arguments that Pride puts forth and carefully points out the shortcomings of her interpretations.[28]

James B. Jordan maintains that, while children are indeed blessings, they are only one among a wide range of blessings God offers, and prayerfully choosing foci among them is part of prudent Christian stewardship.[29]

John Piper's Desiring God Ministries criticizes Quiverfull by saying that

"just because something is a gift from the Lord does not mean that it is wrong to be a steward of when or whether you will come into possession of it. It is wrong to reason that since A is good and a gift from the Lord, then we must pursue as much of A as possible. God has made this a world in which tradeoffs have to be made and we cannot do everything to the fullest extent. For kingdom purposes, it might be wise not to get married. And for kingdom purposes, it might be wise to regulate the size of one's family and to regulate when the new additions to the family will likely arrive. As Wayne Grudem has said, 'it is okay to place less emphasis on some good activities in order to focus on other good activities.'"[30]

Christian philosopher Jeremy R. Pierce states that the Quiverfull view

is held by those who are weak of conscience and can't get around an extremely simplistic reading of some biblical statements. For them, it is wrong to use birth control pills and condoms, because it would be doing something that they believe to be wrong. It isn't wrong in principle, however, and those who have thought through the various moral principles that apply will realize that sometimes it's wrong to use such methods and sometimes not, depending on the circumstances.

Pierce further notes that Quiverfull can become "legalism much like that of the Pharisees".[31]

From feminists

Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff, a former ardent Quiverfull adherent, birth-mother of eleven children, and former editor of Gentle Spirit Magazine, argues that the Quiverfull movement is one "in which women and children are routinely and systematically subordinated and subjugated by the men in their lives - fathers, husbands, older sons,. . .pastors, elders, leaders - as a matter of biblical principle."[32] Seelhoff charges that Quiverful adherents "never talk about the victims of the movement, other than to distance themselves, to explain how it is that the victims are aberrations." [33][34]

Quiverfull in U.S. national press

While Quiverfull had previously garnered some attention in the Christian press,[8][35] the Canadian press in March 2001,[1] and in various scholarly pieces, it began to receive focused attention in the U.S. national press in 2004.

Fox National News

On January 16, 2007 Fox News Live Desk with Martha MacCallum, segment, "When birthing children is a religious experience." Martha MacCallum talks with Rachel Scott, author, "Birthing God's Mighty Warriors." Rachel Scott answers common questions asked to large families and disputes myths "Quiverfull" women are made to stay home and tend to babies. Rachel Scott describes the Proverbs 31 woman as being a business owner, educated and very capable. Rachel Scott also shares about "the dream with a warrior angel" that started her "Quiverfull" experience and led to writing her book, "Birthing God's Mighty Warriors."

New York Times

In an article on December 7, 2004, New York Times journalist David Brooks described an arising movement he called simply "natalism" and sought to show how in the future it could shift the U.S. political landscape from a philosophy of liberalism to conservatism. Brooks concluded, "Natalists are associated with red America, but they're not launching a jihad".[5][9]

The Nation

Journalist Kathryn Joyce connected Brooks' "natalism" with Quiverfull and disagreed with him in her November 9, 2006, 5-page article on Quiverfull in The Nation. Joyce emphasized that the movement uses what she described as "military-industrial terminology" to articulate the belief that "only a determination among Christian women to take up their submissive, motherly roles with a 'military air'" and within a milieu of becoming "maternal missionaries" will lead to what Joyce described as Quiverfull's "Christian army" achieving cultural "victory."[5]

Newsweek

Four days later, on November 13, 2006, Newsweek provided a 2-page piece on Quiverfull, characterizing the movement as conservatives who are "reacting to revolutionary changes in women's social roles and seeking to re-impose a more traditional order". The piece ended by quoting a Quiverfull family as stating they were "exponentially happier" after relinquishing control of their womb to God.[36] On March 17, 2009, Newsweek published a second piece on Quiverfull through their website.[37]

ABC News Nightline

On January 3, 2006, ABC News Nightline aired a special segment, "The More the Holier?", on the Quiverfull movement.[38] The coverage was re-aired on ABC's World News Now about four hours later. On September 15, 2007, Nightline revisited the issue as part of their "Faith Matters" series, again featuring the Carpenter family.

ABC Good Morning America

On July 25, 2005, ABC Good Morning America segment, "Is eight really enough?." Deborah Roberts interviews Rachel Scott author "Birthing God's Mighty Warriors." Rachel Scott discusses the trend toward larger families, managing finances with more mouths to feed and she states, "when good people stop having kids, society fails."

Quiverfull responses

In the proximate aftermath of the U.S. national print articles, responses from Quiverfull adherents in The Quiverfull Digest ranged from "feeling betrayed" to assertions that the articles were "fair".[39] Additionally, a few disagreeing Quiverfull adherents undertook apologetic responses on the Internet discussion forums provided by the latter national publishers in immediate on-site connection with their articles.[5][36]

Notable adherents

  • Charles D. Provan - Provan's book The Bible and Birth Control is credited as providing important theological justification for Quiverfull, and was quoted in a November 27, 2006, article about Quiverfull in The Nation magazine. He was an author of books and articles on other Christian topics. Before Provan's 2007 death, he and his wife had ten children.[5]

Notable former adherents

  • Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff - divorced birth-mother of eleven children and former editor of Gentle Spirit Magazine, a magazine on Christian topics and homeschooling that reached a circulation of 35,000. She now considers herself a feminist and has been critical of Quiverfull thought.[32][33][34]
  • Vyckie Garrison (formerly Vyckie Bennett) - a former Quiverfull wife and mother of seven children who was interviewed by Kathryn Joyce for her essays on the quiverfull lifestyle. Before leaving the movement, Garrison wrote articles for Quiverfull publications such as "Unless the Lord..." and "Christian Mommies" as well as publishing her own conservative Christian newsletter. She was also a vocal supporter of sterilization reversal. Currently Garrison runs the 'NoLongerQuivering' blog where, among other topics, she shares stories of her life in the movement, how she came to be disillusioned with it, and how she and her children are adjusting to a more secular lifestyle.[48][49]

Further reading

Books dedicated to advocating a Quiverfull position

  • Adams, Shelly and Morgan. Arrows in His Hand (children's book). Monument Pub., Monument, CO: 2007.
  • Andrews, Robert. The Family: God's Weapon For Victory. Winepress Publishing 1996. ISBN 1883893240 ; Sentinel Press 2002. ISBN 0971569401
  • Campbell, Nancy. Be Fruitful and Multiply. Vision Forum, San Antonio, TX: 2003. ISBN 0-9724173-5-4
  • Hess, Rick and Jan. A Full Quiver: Family Planning and the Lordship of Christ. Wolgemuth & Hyatt Publishers, Brentwood, TN: 1990. ISBN 0-943497-83-3
  • Houghton, Craig. Family UNplanning. Xulon Press, Longwood, FL: 2007. ISBN 1-60034-851-8
  • Owen, Jr., Samuel A. Letting God Plan Your Family. Crossway Books, Wheaton, IL: 1990. ISBN 0-89107-585-2
  • Pride, Mary. The Way Home: Beyond Feminism, Back to Reality. Good News Pub, Wheaton, IL: 1985. ISBN 0-89107-345-0
  • Provan, Charles D. The Bible and Birth Control. Zimmer Printing, Monongahela, PA: 1989. ISBN 99917-998-3-4
    • Chapter of Provan's book available here. Audio files of Provan's complete book available by searching with his name at sermonaudio.com
  • Scott, Rachel. Birthing God's Mighty Warriors. Xulon Press, Longwood, FL: 2004. ISBN 1-59467-465-5

Books advocating Quiverfull as a secondary focus

  • Farris, Vickie. A Mom Just Like You. B&H Publishing Group, Nashville, TN: 2002. ISBN 0-8054-2586-1

Sources Critical of Quiverfull

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Joe Woodward (Mar. 31, 2001). "The godliness of fertility: A growing Protestant movement is rediscovering the sanctification available in large families" (subscription required). Calgary Herald: OS.10. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: year (link) Cite error: The named reference "QF-Canda" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Hess, Rick and Jan (1990). A Full Quiver: Family Planning and the Lordship of Christ. Brentwood, TN: Hyatt Publishers. ISBN 0-943497-83-3.
  3. ^ Dennis Rainey (2002). "The Value of Children (11 July 2002 FamilyLife Today Radio Broadcast)" (Transcript of radio broadcast). FamilyLife Today. Retrieved 2006-09-30.
  4. ^ a b c d Campbell, Nancy (2003). Be Fruitfull and Multiply. San Antonio: Vision Forum. ISBN 0-9724173-5-4.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i Kathryn Joyce (9 November 2006). "Arrows for the War". The Nation. Retrieved 2006-12-20.
  6. ^ Meg Jalsevac (Nov, 16, 2006). "Protestant Group Advocates Leaving Fertility in God's Hands - No Birth Control Artificial or Natural". LifeSiteNews.com. Interim Publishing. Retrieved 2007-01-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  7. ^ Torode, Sam and Bethany (2002). Open Embrace: A Protestant Couple Rethinks Contraception. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 0-8028-3973-8. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ a b Strand, Paul (2006). ""Back to the Future: The Growing Movement of Natalism"". CBN News. Retrieved 2006-10-07.
  9. ^ a b Brooks, David (2004). ""The New Red-Diaper Babies"". New York Times. Retrieved 2006-10-07.
  10. ^ Benjamin, Hazel C. (1938). "Lobbying for Birth Control". The Public Opinion Quarterly. 2 (1): 48–60. doi:10.1086/265152.
  11. ^ Kennedy, David M. (1970 (2001)). Birth Control in America: The Career of Margaret Sanger. Yale University Press (ACLS History E-Book Project). ISBN 1-59740-178-1. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  12. ^ Campbell, Flann (Nov., 1960). "Birth Control and the Christian Churches". Population Studies. 14 (2): 131–147. doi:10.2307/2172010. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  13. ^ Allen, James E. (1976). "Family Planning Attitudes of Seminary Students". Review of Religious Research. 9 (1): 52–55. doi:10.2307/3509598.
  14. ^ Goldschneider, Calvin, and William D. Mosher (1988). "Religious Affiliation and Contraceptive Usage". Studies in Family Planning. 19 (1): 48–57. doi:10.2307/1966739.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  15. ^ a b c Ellison, Christopher G., and Patricia Goodson (1997). "Conservative Protestantism and Attitudes toward Family Planning in a Sample of Seminarians". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 36 (4): 512–529. doi:10.2307/1387687.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Cite error: The named reference "consvprots" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  16. ^ Marcum, John P. (1981). "Explaining Fertility Differences among U.S. Protestants". Social Forces. 60 (2): 532–543. doi:10.2307/2578449.
  17. ^ a b c d e f Pride, Mary (1985). The Way Home: Beyond Feminism, Back to Reality. Wheaton, IL: Good News Publishers. ISBN 0-89107-345-0.
  18. ^ The More the Holier?. ABC News Nightline. January 3, 2006.
  19. ^ Goodman, Patricia (1997). "Protestants and Family Planning" (PDF). Journal of Religion and Health. 36 (4): 353–366. doi:10.1023/A:1027437310363.
  20. ^ a b Kathryn Joyce (9 November 2006). "Arrows for the War" (HTML). The Nation. http://www.thenation.com/docprint.mhtml?i=20061127&s=joyce. Retrieved on 2009-03-21.
  21. ^ a b Provan, Charles D. (1989). The Bible and Birth Control. Monongahela, PA: Zimmer Printing. ISBN 99917-998-3-4.. Quote and its chapter available at http://www.jesus-passion.com/contraception.htm
  22. ^ Robben, Donetta (2006). "Blessings by the Dozen"" (PDF). American Life League Magazine. Sept.-Oct.
  23. ^ a b Scott, Rachel (2004). Birthing God's Mighty Warriors. Longwood, FL: Xulon Press. ISBN 1-59467-465-5.
  24. ^ Owen, Jr., Samuel A. (1990). Letting God Plan Your Family. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books. ISBN 0-89107-585-2.
  25. ^ Kathryn Joyce. "Quiverfull: More Children For God's Army". RH Reality Check. Retrieved 2007-01-09.
  26. ^ Biggar, R.J., and M. Melbye (1997). "Debating the Merits of Patriarchy: Discursive Disputes over Spousal Authority among Evangelicial Family Commentators". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (36): 393–410.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  27. ^ Brad and Dawn Irons. "Blessed Arrows: A Sterilization Reversal Ministry". Brad and Dawn Irons. Retrieved 2006-10-14.
  28. ^ Meyers, Jeffrey J. (1990). Does the Bible Forbid Family Planning?: A Biblical and Theological Evaluation of Mary Pride's Arguments Against All Forms of Birth Control. Niceville, FL: Biblical Horizons.
  29. ^ James B. Jordan (1993). "The Bible and Family Planning: An Answer to Charles Provan's "The Bible and Birth Control"" (pdf). Contra Mundum (Fall 1993, no. 9): 2–14. ISSN 1070-9495. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |unused_data= (help); Text "Article begins on PDF page 4 of source." ignored (help)
  30. ^ Desiring God Staff (2006). "Does the Bible permit birth control?". Questions and Answers. Desiring God. Retrieved 2006-10-27.
  31. ^ Jeremy R. Pierce (http://web.syr.edu/~jrpierce). "On Quiverfull "Theology"". Evangelical Outpost. Retrieved 2006-10-20. {{cite web}}: External link in |author= (help)
  32. ^ a b Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff (November 29, 2006). "I Name (and Blame) the Patriarchs, Part 2: Fallacies About the Full Quiver Movement". Of Our Backs Feminist Newsjournal.
  33. ^ a b c Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff (November 14, 2006). "I Name the Patriarchs, Part I: The Truth About "Full Quiver" Families". Women's Space Word Press. Cite error: The named reference "Seelhoff-1" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  34. ^ a b Cheryl Lindsey Seelhoff (2006). "Confronting the Religious Right". Of Our Backs Feminist Newsjournal. 36 (3).
  35. ^ Leslie Leyland Fields (1 August 2006). "The Case for Kids". Christianity Today. Retrieved 2006-12-21.
  36. ^ a b Eileen Finan (13 November 2006). "Making Babies the Quiverfull Way". Newsweek Magazine. Retrieved 2006-12-21.
  37. ^ Kathryn Joyce (17 March 2009). "Inside the Duggar Family's Conservative Ideology". Newsweek Magazine. Retrieved 2009-03-29.
  38. ^ Ted Gerstein and John Berman (January 3, 2007). "A Full Quiver: A Growing Movement for Growing Families for God". Nightline. ABC News. Retrieved 2007-01-04.
  39. ^ "The Quiverfull Digest". The Quiverfull Digest. 2006. Retrieved Fall-Winter 2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  40. ^ "Bio for Mr Farris". Retrieved 2007-04-20.
  41. ^ Farris, Vickie (2002). A Mom Just Like You. Nashville, TN: B&H Publishing Group. ISBN 0-8054-2586-1.
  42. ^ "About the President". Vision Forum Ministries. 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-23.
  43. ^ Sproul, R. C., Jr. (2003). Bound for Glory: God's Promise for Your Family. Crossway Books. ISBN 1581344953.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  44. ^ "Highlands Study Center". Highlands Study Center. 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-21.
  45. ^ Melinda Liu (August 29, 1994). "Inside the Anti-abortion Underground: The FBI probes a ministry of fear". Newsweek Magazine.
  46. ^ "The Quiverfull Digest" (#3395). 2007. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  47. ^ Patrick McIlheran (Dec. 26, 2006). "More children, a greater gift". Editorials. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 2007-01-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help); line feed character in |author= at position 9 (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  48. ^ http://www.salon.com/mwt/feature/2009/03/14/joyce_quiverfull/ Salon.com 2009-03-14.
  49. ^ http://www.interfaithradio.org/node/922 Garrison interviewed on Interfaith Voices radio July 2009.
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