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Rolls-Royce Trent 1000

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Trent 1000
Rolls Royce Trent 1000 displayed at Virginia Tech
Type Turbofan
National origin United Kingdom
Manufacturer Rolls-Royce plc
First run 14 February Template:Avyear
Major applications Boeing 787 Dreamliner
Developed into Rolls-Royce Trent XWB

Rolls-Royce Trent 7000

The Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 is a British turbofan engine, developed from earlier Trent series engines. The Trent 1000 powered the Boeing 787 Dreamliner on its maiden flight, and on its first commercial flight.

Design and development

On 6 April 2004 Boeing announced that it had selected two engine partners for its new 787: Rolls-Royce and General Electric (GE). Initially, Boeing toyed with the idea of sole sourcing the powerplant for the 787, with GE being the most likely candidate. However, potential customers demanded choices and Boeing relented. For the first time in commercial aviation, both engine types will have a standard interface with the aircraft, allowing any 787 to be fitted with either a GE or Rolls-Royce engine at any time as long as the pylon is also modified.[1][2][3]

As with earlier variants of the Trent family, Rolls partnered with risk and revenue sharing partners on the Trent 1000 program. This time there were six partners: Kawasaki Heavy Industries (intermediate compressor module), Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (combustor and low pressure turbine blades), Industria de Turbo Propulsores (low pressure turbine), Carlton Forge Works (fan case), Hamilton Sundstrand (gearbox) and Goodrich Corporation (engine control system). Altogether, these partners have a 35 percent stake in the program.

In June 2004, the first public engine selection was made by Air New Zealand who chose the Trent 1000 for its two firm orders. In the largest 787 order, that of Japan's All Nippon Airways, Rolls-Royce was selected as the engine supplier on 13 October 2004. The deal is valued at $1bn (£560m) and covers 30 787-3s and 20 787-8s. The Trent 1000 will be the launch engine on both currently planned 787 models, the -8 with ANA and the -9 with Air New Zealand.[4] On 7 July 2007, Rolls Royce secured its largest ever order from an aircraft leasing company when ILFC placed an order worth $1.3 billion at list prices for Trent 1000s to power 40 of the 787s which it has on order(~ $16.25 m per engine, which is ~ 22% of airplane price),[5] and on 27 September 2007 British Airways announced the selection of the Trent 1000 to power 24 Boeing 787 aircraft. Trent 1000's share of the 787 engine market was 40% at the end of August 2008.

The Trent 1000 family makes extensive use of technology derived from the Trent 8104 demonstrator. In order to fulfill Boeing's requirement for a "more-electric" engine, the Trent 1000 is a bleedless design, with power take-off from the intermediate-pressure (IP) spool instead of the high-pressure (HP) spool found in other members of the Trent family. A 2.8 m (110 in) diameter swept-back fan, with a smaller diameter hub to help maximize airflow, was specified. The bypass ratio has been increased over previous variants by suitable adjustments to the core flow. A high pressure ratio along with contra-rotating the IP and HP spools improves efficiency,[6] and the use of more legacy components reduces the parts count to minimise maintenance costs. A tiled combustor is featured.

The first run of the Trent 1000 was on 14 February 2006,[7] with first flight on Rolls-Royce's own flying testbed (a modified Boeing 747-200) successfully performed on 18 June 2007 from TSTC Waco Airport.[8] The engine received joint certification from the FAA and EASA on 7 August 2007[9] (7-8-7 in the UK). The initial design failed to meet the Boeing required specific fuel consumption (SFC). However, entry into service has been repeatedly delayed, following a series of setbacks to the Boeing 787 airframe programme, allowing two redesign packages to be incorporated into the test programme which are said to improve the SFC by 3-4% to bring it to within 1% of specification.[10] On 2 August 2010, a Trent 1000 suffered an uncontained intermediate turbine failure on a test stand,[11] reported as being due to a fire in the engine oil system. On 26 October 2011, the 787 flew its first commercial flight from Tokyo-Narita to Hong Kong on All Nippon Airways,[12] powered by Trent 1000 engines.

Trent 1000 TEN

Rolls-Royce developed an improved version of the Trent 1000, which achieves reduced fuel burn via an improved intermediate pressure compressor, in which the aft (rear) stages spin at higher speeds; three blade blisks were introduced in the new compressor. Rolls-Royce claims that the new design is helping the company reduce General Electric's dominance of the Boeing 787 engine market, with 42% of newly declared engine orders now going to Rolls.[13] It was certified by the EASA at the July 2016 Farnborough Airshow[14]

Applications

Variants

Variants were certified by the EASA[15]

on 7 August 2007
Trent 1000‐A, Trent 1000‐C, Trent 1000‐D, Trent 1000‐E, Trent 1000‐G, Trent 1000‐H
on 10 September 2013
Trent 1000‐A2, Trent 1000‐C2, Trent 1000‐D2, Trent 1000‐E2, Trent 1000‐G2, Trent 1000‐H2, Trent 1000‐J2, Trent 1000‐K2, Trent 1000‐L2
on 6 May 2015
Trent 1000‐AE, Trent 1000‐CE, Trent 1000‐AE2, Trent 1000‐CE2
on 11 July 2016
Trent 1000‐AE3, Trent 1000‐CE3, Trent 1000‐D3, Trent 1000‐G3, Trent 1000‐H3, Trent 1000‐J3, Trent 1000‐K3, Trent 1000‐L3, Trent 1000‐M3, Trent 1000‐N3, Trent 1000‐P3, Trent 1000‐Q3, Trent 1000‐R3
Trent 1000 variants[15]
Designation Certified Take-off rating Continuous
Trent 1000-A August 2007 69,294 lbf (308.24 kN) 64,722 lbf (287.90 kN)
Trent 1000-C August 2007 74,511 lbf (331.44 kN) 69,523 lbf (309.25 kN)
Trent 1000-D August 2007 74,511 lbf (331.44 kN) 69,523 lbf (309.25 kN)
Trent 1000-E August 2007 62,264 lbf (276.96 kN) 58,866 lbf (261.85 kN)
Trent 1000-G August 2007 72,066 lbf (320.57 kN) 64,722 lbf (287.90 kN)
Trent 1000-H August 2007 63,897 lbf (284.23 kN) 58,866 lbf (261.85 kN)
Trent 1000-Z August 2007 77,826 lbf (346.19 kN)

Specifications

Trent 1000 on a Boeing 787 prototype

Data from EASA[15]

General characteristics

  • Type: Three-shaft high bypass ratio turbofan engine
  • Length: 4.738 m (186.5 in)
  • Diameter: 285 cm (112 in) (Fan)
  • Dry weight: 5,936–6,120 kg (13,087–13,492 lb)

Components

  • Compressor: one-stage LP (fan), eight-stage IP, six-stage HP compressor
  • Combustors: single annular combustor with 18‐off fuel spray nozzles
  • Turbine: Single-stage HP turbine (13391 RPM), single-stage IP turbine (8937 RPM), six-stage LP turbine (2683 RPM)

Performance

See also

Comparable engines

Related lists

References

  1. ^ "Boeing 787 Aircraft Facts, Dates and History". Flightlevel350.com. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  2. ^ "Boeing 787 Dreamliner Long-Range, Mid-Size Airliner". Aerospace Technology. Retrieved 9 May 2013.[unreliable source?]
  3. ^ Engine interchangeability makes the 787 a more flexible asset to airlines, allowing them to change from one manufacturer's engine to the other's in light of any future engine developments which conform more closely to their operating profile. The cost of such a change would require a significant operating cost difference between the two engine types to make it economical. A difference that does not exist with the engines today.
  4. ^ "787 special: Starting block". Flight International. 26 September 2006. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
  5. ^ "ILFC selects Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 for 40 Boeing 787s". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2007.
  6. ^ "Aviation Maintenance: Technology Focus: Green Engines". AviationToday.com. 1 May 2008. Retrieved 22 October 2008.
  7. ^ "Trent 1000 completes testbed run". Flight International. 22 February 2006. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
  8. ^ "Rolls-Royce flies Boeing 787's Trent 1000 engine on 747 testbed". Flight International. 19 June 2007. Retrieved 19 June 2007.
  9. ^ "European and US regulators certify Trent 1000 for Boeing 787". Flight International. 7 August 2007. Retrieved 7 August 2007.
  10. ^ Aviation Week and Space Technology, 6 September 2010
  11. ^ "FAA confirms Trent 1000 failure was uncontained". Retrieved 24 August 2010.
  12. ^ Tim Kelly (26 October 2011). "Dreamliner carries its first passengers and Boeing's hopes". Reuters. Retrieved 28 October 2011.
  13. ^ Norris, Guy, Testing TEN, Aviation Week & Space Technology, May 25-June 7, 2015, pp 40-1
  14. ^ "Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 TEN certified by EASA" (Press release). Rolls-Royce. 11 July 2016.
  15. ^ a b c "Type certificate data sheet" (PDF). EASA. 11 July 2016.
  16. ^ a b "Trent 1000 infographic". Rolls-Royce.
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