South African type XD tender
 Type XD tender on CGR 6th Class of 1901 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The South African type XD tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
The Type XD tender first entered service in 1901, as tenders to the British-built of the three versions of 6th Class 4-6-0 Tenwheeler type steam locomotive which were acquired by the Cape Government Railways in that year. These locomotives were designated Class 6H on the South African Railways in 1912.[1][2][3]
Manufacturer
Type XD tenders were built in 1901 and 1902 by Neilson, Reid and Company.[1][2][3]
The original 6th Class locomotive and tender was designed in 1892 by H.M. Beatty, at the time the Locomotive Superintendent of the Cape Government Railways (CGR) Western System, at its Salt River works in Cape Town. The Type XD first entered service in 1901, as tenders to 21 new 6th Class locomotives which were built for the CGR by Neilson, Reid.[1][2][3]
Classification
Since many tender types are interchangeable between different locomotive classes and types, a tender classification system was adopted by the South African Railways (SAR) and these tenders were designated Type XD.[1][3][4]
In the SAR years, tenders were numbered for the engines they were delivered with. In most cases, an oval number plate, bearing the engine number and tender type, would be attached to the rear end of the tender. During the classification and renumbering of locomotives onto the SAR roster in 1912, no separate classification and renumbering list was published for tenders, which should have been renumbered according to the locomotive renumbering list.[4]
Three locomotive classes were delivered new with Type XD tenders, built by the same manufacturer. Bearing in mind that tenders could and did migrate between engines, these tenders should have been numbered in the SAR number blocks as shown.[1][2][3][4]
- 1901: CGR 6th Class of 1901 (Neilson's), SAR Class 6H, numbers 614 to 634.[2][3][4]
- 1902: CGR 6th Class of 1902, SAR Class 6J, numbers 635 to 648.[2][3][4]
- 1902: CGR 8th Class of 1902, SAR Class 8, first batch, numbers 1069 to 1071.[1][4]
Letter codes
The first letter of the tender type indicates the classes of engines to which it can be coupled. The "X_" tenders could be used with the following locomotive classes:[3]
- CGR Mountain, SAR Class 4
- SAR Class 4A
- SAR Class 5
- CGR 6th Class of 1897, SAR Class 6B
- Oranje-Vrijstaat Gouwerment-Spoorwegen 6th Class L3, SAR Class 6E
- CGR 6th Class of 1901 (Neilson, Reid), SAR Class 6H
- CGR 6th Class of 1902, SAR Class 6J
- CGR 8th Class of 1902, SAR Class 8
- Imperial Military Railways 8th Class, SAR Class 8A
- Central South African Railways Class 8-L2, SAR Class 8B
- Central South African Railways Class 8-L3, SAR Class 8C
- CGR 8th Class 4-8-0 of 1903, SAR Class 8D
- CGR 8th Class Experimental, SAR Class 8E
- CGR 8th Class 4-8-0 of 1904, SAR Class 8F
- CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 of 1903, SAR Class 8Y
- CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 of 1904, SAR Class 8Z
- Central South African Railways Class 9, SAR Class 9
- Central South African Railways Class 10, SAR Class 10
- Central South African Railways Class 10-2 Saturated, SAR Class 10A
- Central South African Railways Class 10-2 Superheated. SAR Class 10B
- Central South African Railways Class 10-C, SAR Class 10C
- Central South African Railways Class 11, SAR Class 11
- CGR 9th Class of 1903, SAR Class Experimental 4
- CGR 9th Class of 1906, SAR Class Experimental 5
- CGR 10th Class, SAR Class Experimental 6
- SAR Class ME
- Central South African Railways Mallet Superheated, SAR Class MF
The second letter indicates the tender's water capacity. The "_D" tenders had a capacity of between 2,730 and 2,780 imperial gallons (12,400 and 12,600 litres).[3]
A number, when added after the letter code, indicates differences between similar tender types, such as wheelbase or coal bunker capacity.[3]
Modification and rebuilding
Modification
The original slatted upper sides of the Type XD tender's coal bunker were soon replaced by sheet-metal sides. These modifications were usually carried out during overhauls or refurbishing.
Rebuilding
Between 1912 and 1941, probably c. 1930, some Type XD tenders from Classes 6H, 6J and 8 were completely rebuilt by the SAR, by mounting a completely new upper structure on the existing underframe. Since their new tanks increased their water capacity to 3,000 imperial gallons (13,600 litres), these tenders were reclassified to Type XF. These rebuilt tenders had a more modern appearance, with smooth sides all the way to the top.[2][3]
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Modified Type XD on SAR Class 6J, 29 December 1965
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References
- ^ a b c d e f Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. Vol. 1: 1859–1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, England: David & Charles. pp. 48–49, 62. ISBN 978-0-7153-5382-0.
- ^ a b c d e f g South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. p. 43.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 2'0" & 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte, Steam Locomotives/Stoomlokomotiewe. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. pp. 6a-7a, 41, 43.
- ^ a b c d e f Classification of S.A.R. Engines with Renumbering Lists, issued by the Chief Mechanical Engineer’s Office, Pretoria, January 1912 (Reprinted in April 1987 by SATS Museum, R.3125-6/9/11-1000)
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