Spouse of the prime minister of the United Kingdom
Spouse of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom | |
---|---|
since 13 July 2016 | |
Residence | 10 Downing Street |
Inaugural holder | Catherine, Lady Walpole |
Formation | 3 April 1721 |
The spouse of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the wife or husband of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. To date, there have been forty-four women and two men who have been married to British prime ministers in office. There have also been four bachelor and nine widower prime ministers; the last bachelor was Edward Heath (1970–1974) and the last widower was Ramsay MacDonald (1924, 1929–1935). The Duke of Grafton (1766–1768) is the only Prime Minister to have divorced and remarried while in office. The spouse of the present Prime Minister is Philip May, the husband of Theresa May.
Role and duties
The role of the British prime minister's spouse is not an official office and, as such, they are not given a salary or official duties. Over time the position has evolved and spouses, such as Cherie Blair, have gained public attention through their own independent careers and achievements, as well as attending engagements such as the African First Ladies Summit.[1]
Cherie Blair, with Cate Haste, wrote a book about recent prime ministerial spouses, The Goldfish Bowl: Married to the Prime Minister, 1955–1997, in 2005.[2]
List of spouses
Portrait | Spouse | Date of birth | Date of marriage | Prime Minister | Date tenure began | Age at tenure start | Date tenure ended | Date of death |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Catherine, Lady Walpole (née Shorter)[3] |
1682 | 30 July 1700 | Robert Walpole | 3 April 1721 | 38–39 years | 20 August 1737 | 20 August 1737 (Aged 54–55) | |
Maria, Lady Walpole (née Skerrett)[4] |
1702 | 3 March 1738 | Robert Walpole | 3 March 1738 | 35–36 years | 4 June 1738 | 4 June 1738 (Aged 35–36) | |
— | None (widower) | — | — | Robert Walpole | 4 June 1738 | — | 11 February 1742 | — |
— | None (bachelor) | — | — | Earl of Wilmington | 16 February 1742 | — | 2 July 1743 | — |
Catherine Pelham (née Manners)[5] |
1706 | 29 October 1726 | Henry Pelham | 27 August 1743 | Unknown | 6 March 1754 | 18 February 1780 | |
Harriet Pelham-Holles (née Godolphin)[6] |
1701 | 2 April 1717 | Duke of Newcastle | 16 March 1754 | 52–53 years | 11 November 1756 | 17 July 1776 (Aged 74–75) | |
— | None[a] (widower) | — | — | Duke of Devonshire | 16 November 1756 | — | 29 June 1757 | — |
Harriet Pelham-Holles (née Godolphin)[6] |
1701 | 2 April 1717 | Duke of Newcastle | 29 June 1757 | 55–56 years | 26 May 1762 | 17 July 1776 (Aged 74–75) | |
Mary Stuart (née Montagu)[8] |
19 January 1718 | 24 August 1736 | Earl of Bute | 26 May 1762 | 44 years | 8 April 1763 | 6 November 1794 (Aged 76) | |
Elizabeth Grenville[b] (née Wyndham)[9] |
1719 | 1 May 1749 | George Grenville | 16 April 1763 | 43–44 years | 10 July 1765 | 5 December 1769 (Aged 49–50) | |
Mary Watson-Wentworth (née Liddell)[10] |
1735 | 26 February 1752 | Marquess of Rockingham | 13 July 1765 | 29–30 years | 30 July 1766 | 19 December 1804 (Aged 68–69) | |
Hester Pitt[c] (née Grenville)[11] |
8 November 1720 | 16 October 1754 | Earl of Chatham | 30 July 1766 | 45 years | 14 October 1768 | 9 April 1803 (Aged 82) | |
Anne FitzRoy[d] (née Liddell)[12] |
1737 | 29 January 1756 | Duke of Grafton | 14 October 1768 | 30–31 years | 23 March 1769 | 1804 (Aged 66–67) | |
Elizabeth FitzRoy (née Wrottesley)[13] |
1 November 1745 | 24 June 1769 | Duke of Grafton | 24 June 1769 | 23 years | 28 January 1770 | 25 May 1822 (Aged 76) | |
Anne North (née Speke)[14] |
1741 | 20 May 1756 | Lord North | 28 January 1770 | 28–29 years | 27 March 1782 | 1797 (Aged 55–56) | |
Mary Watson-Wentworth (née Liddell)[10] |
1735 | 26 February 1752 | Marquess of Rockingham | 27 March 1782 | 46–47 years | 1 July 1782 | 19 December 1804 (Aged 68–69) | |
Louisa Petty[e] (née FitzPatrick)[16] |
1755 | 19 July 1779 | Earl of Shelburne | 4 July 1782 | 26–27 years | 26 March 1783 | 7 August 1789 (Aged 33–34) | |
Dorothy Bentinck[f] (née Cavendish)[17] |
27 August 1750 | 8 November 1766 | Duke of Portland | 2 April 1783 | 32 years | 18 December 1783 | 3 June 1794 (Aged 43) | |
— | None (bachelor) | — | — | William Pitt the Younger | 19 December 1783 | — | 14 March 1801 | — |
Ursula Addington (née Hammond)[18] |
Unknown | 19 September 1781 | Henry Addington | 17 March 1801 | Unknown | 10 May 1804 | 28 June 1811 | |
— | None (bachelor) | — | — | William Pitt the Younger | 10 May 1804 | — | 23 January 1806 | — |
Anne Grenville (née Pitt)[19] |
September 1772 | 18 July 1792 | Baron Grenville | 11 February 1806 | 33 years | 25 March 1807 | June 1864 (Aged 91) | |
— | None[g] (widower) | — | — | Duke of Portland | 31 March 1807 | — | 4 October 1809 | — |
Jane Perceval (née Wilson)[20] |
21 September 1788 | 10 August 1790 | Spencer Perceval | 4 October 1809 | 21 years | 11 May 1812 | 14 August 1852 (Aged 63) | |
Portrait of Louisa Jenkinson | Louisa Jenkinson (née Hervey)[21] |
1767 | 25 March 1795 | Earl of Liverpool | 8 June 1812 | 44–45 years | 12 June 1821 | 12 June 1821 (Aged 53–54) |
Mary Jenkinson (née Chester)[22] |
24 June 1777 | 24 September 1822 | Earl of Liverpool | 24 September 1822 | 45 years | 9 April 1827 | 18 October 1846 (Aged 69) | |
Joan Canning (née Scott)[23] |
1776 | 8 July 1800 | George Canning | 12 April 1827 | 50–51 years | 8 August 1827 | 14 March 1837 (Aged 60–61) | |
Sarah Robinson (née Hobart)[24] |
22 February 1793 | 1 September 1814 | Viscount Goderich | 31 August 1827 | 34 years | 8 January 1828 | 9 April 1867 (Aged 74) | |
Catherine Wellesley (née Pakenham)[25] |
14 January 1773 | 10 April 1806 | Duke of Wellington | 22 January 1828 | 55 years | 16 November 1830 | 24 April 1831 (Aged 58) | |
Portrait of Mary Grey | Mary Grey (née Ponsonby)[26] |
4 March 1776 | 18 November 1794 | Earl Grey | 22 November 1830 | 54 years | 9 July 1834 | 26 November 1861 (Aged 85) |
— | None[h] (widower) | — | — | Viscount Melbourne | 16 July 1834 | — | 14 November 1834 | — |
— | None[i] (widower) | — | — | Duke of Wellington | 17 November 1834 | — | 9 December 1834 | — |
Julia, Lady Peel (née Floyd)[28] |
1795 | 8 June 1820 | Robert Peel | 10 December 1834 | 38–39 years | 8 April 1835 | 27 October 1859 (Aged 63–64) | |
— | None[h] (widower) | — | — | Viscount Melbourne | 18 April 1835 | — | 30 August 1841 | — |
Julia, Lady Peel (née Floyd)[28] |
1795 | 8 June 1820 | Robert Peel | 30 August 1841 | 45–46 years | 29 June 1846 | 27 October 1859 (Aged 63–64) | |
Frances Russell[j] (née Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound)[30] |
15 November 1815 | 20 July 1841 | Lord John Russell | 30 June 1846 | 30 years | 21 February 1852 | 17 January 1898 (Aged 82) | |
Emma Caroline Smith-Stanley (née Bootle-Wilbraham)[31] |
17 March 1805 | 31 May 1825 | Earl of Derby | 23 February 1852 | 46 years | 17 December 1852 | 1876 (Aged 70–71) | |
— | None[k] (widower) | — | — | Earl of Aberdeen | 19 December 1852 | — | 30 January 1855 | — |
Emily Temple[l] (née Lamb)[33] |
1787 | 16 December 1839 | Viscount Palmerston | 6 February 1855 | 67–68 years | 19 February 1858 | 1869 (Aged 81–82) | |
Emma Caroline Smith-Stanley (née Bootle-Wilbraham)[31] |
17 March 1805 | 31 May 1825 | Earl of Derby | 20 February 1858 | 52 years | 11 June 1859 | 1876 (Aged 70–71) | |
Emily Temple[l] (née Lamb)[33] |
1787 | 16 December 1839 | Viscount Palmerston | 12 June 1859 | 71–72 years | 18 October 1865 | 1869 (Aged 81–82) | |
Frances Russell[j] (née Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound)[30] |
15 November 1815 | 20 July 1841 | Earl Russell | 29 October 1865 | 49 years | 26 June 1866 | 17 January 1898 (Aged 82) | |
Emma Caroline Smith-Stanley (née Bootle-Wilbraham)[31] |
17 March 1805 | 31 May 1825 | Earl of Derby | 28 June 1866 | 61 years | 25 February 1868 | 1876 (Aged 70–71) | |
Mary Anne Disraeli[m] (née Evans)[34] |
11 November 1792 | 28 August 1839 | Benjamin Disraeli | 27 February 1868 | 75 years | 1 December 1868 | 15 December 1872 (Aged 80) | |
Catherine Gladstone (née Glynne)[35] |
6 January 1812 | 25 July 1839 | William Ewart Gladstone | 3 December 1868 | 56 years | 17 February 1874 | 14 June 1900 (Aged 88) | |
— | None[n] (widower) | — | — | Benjamin Disraeli | 20 February 1874 | — | 21 April 1880 | — |
Catherine Gladstone (née Glynne)[35] |
6 January 1812 | 25 July 1839 | William Ewart Gladstone | 23 April 1880 | 68 years | 9 June 1885 | 14 June 1900 (Aged 88) | |
Georgina Gascoyne-Cecil (née Alderson)[36] |
1827 | 11 July 1857 | Marquess of Salisbury | 23 June 1885 | 57–58 years | 28 January 1886 | 20 November 1899 (Aged 71–72) | |
Catherine Gladstone (née Glynne)[35] |
6 January 1812 | 25 July 1839 | William Ewart Gladstone | 1 February 1886 | 74 years | 20 July 1886 | 14 June 1900 (Aged 88) | |
Georgina Gascoyne-Cecil (née Alderson)[36] |
1827 | 11 July 1857 | Marquess of Salisbury | 25 July 1886 | 58–59 years | 11 August 1892 | 20 November 1899 (Aged 71–72) | |
Catherine Gladstone (née Glynne)[35] |
6 January 1812 | 25 July 1839 | William Ewart Gladstone | 15 August 1892 | 80 years | 2 March 1894 | 14 June 1900 (Aged 88) | |
— | None[o] (widower) | — | — | Earl of Rosebery | 5 March 1894 | — | 22 June 1895 | — |
Georgina Gascoyne-Cecil (née Alderson)[36] |
1827 | 11 July 1857 | Marquess of Salisbury | 25 June 1895 | 67–68 years | 20 November 1899 | 20 November 1899 (Aged 71–72) | |
— | None (widower) | — | — | Marquess of Salisbury | 20 November 1899 | — | 11 July 1902 | — |
— | None (bachelor) | — | — | Arthur Balfour | 12 July 1902 | — | 4 December 1905 | — |
Charlotte, Lady Campbell-Bannerman (née Bruce)[38] |
1832 | 13 September 1860 | Henry Campbell-Bannerman | 5 December 1905 | 72–73 years | 30 August 1906 | 30 August 1906 (Aged 73–74) | |
— | None (widower) | — | — | Henry Campbell-Bannerman | 30 August 1906 | — | 5 April 1908 | — |
Margot Asquith[p] (née Tennant)[40] |
2 February 1864 | 10 May 1894 | H. H. Asquith | 5 April 1908 | 44 years | 5 December 1916 | 28 July 1945 (Aged 81) | |
Margaret Lloyd George (née Owen)[41] |
4 November 1864 | 24 January 1888 | David Lloyd George | 6 December 1916 | 52 years | 19 October 1922 | 20 January 1941 (Aged 76) | |
— | None[q] (widower) | — | — | Bonar Law | 23 October 1922 | — | 20 May 1923 | — |
Lucy Baldwin (née Ridsdale)[43] |
19 June 1869 | 12 September 1892 | Stanley Baldwin | 22 May 1923 | 53 years | 22 January 1924 | 17 June 1945 (Aged 75) | |
— | None[r] (widower) | — | — | Ramsay MacDonald | 22 January 1924 | — | 4 November 1924 | — |
Lucy Baldwin (née Ridsdale)[43] |
19 June 1869 | 12 September 1892 | Stanley Baldwin | 4 November 1924 | 55 years | 4 June 1929 | 17 June 1945 (Aged 75) | |
— | None[r] (widower) | — | — | Ramsay MacDonald | 5 June 1929 | — | 7 June 1935 | — |
Lucy Baldwin (née Ridsdale)[43] |
19 June 1869 | 12 September 1892 | Stanley Baldwin | 7 June 1935 | 65 years | 28 May 1937 | 17 June 1945 (Aged 75) | |
Anne Chamberlain (née Cole)[45] |
1883 | 5 January 1911 | Neville Chamberlain | 28 May 1937 | 53–54 years | 10 May 1940 | 12 February 1967 (Aged 83–84) | |
Clementine Churchill (née Hozier)[46] |
1 April 1885 | 12 September 1908 | Winston Churchill | 10 May 1940 | 55 years | 26 July 1945 | 12 December 1977 (Aged 92) | |
Violet Attlee (née Millar)[47] |
20 November 1895 | 10 January 1922 | Clement Attlee | 26 July 1945 | 49 years | 26 October 1951 | 7 June 1964 (Aged 68) | |
Clementine, Lady Churchill (née Hozier)[46] |
1 April 1885 | 12 September 1908 | Winston Churchill | 26 October 1951 | 66 years | 5 April 1955 | 12 December 1977 (Aged 92) | |
Clarissa, Lady Eden[s] (née Spencer-Churchill)[49] |
28 June 1920 | 14 August 1952 | Anthony Eden | 6 April 1955 | 34 years | 9 January 1957 | Living (Age 104) | |
Lady Dorothy Macmillan (née Cavendish)[50] |
28 July 1900 | 21 April 1920 | Harold Macmillan | 10 January 1957 | 56 years | 18 October 1963 | 21 May 1966 (Aged 65) | |
Elizabeth, Lady Douglas-Home (née Alington)[51] |
6 November 1909 | 3 October 1936 | Alec Douglas-Home | 19 October 1963 | 53 years | 16 October 1964 | 13 September 1990 (Aged 80) | |
Mary Wilson (née Baldwin)[52] |
12 January 1916 | 1 January 1940 | Harold Wilson | 16 October 1964 | 48 years | 19 June 1970 | 6 June 2018 (Aged 102) | |
— | None (bachelor) | — | — | Edward Heath | 19 June 1970 | — | 4 March 1974 | — |
Mary Wilson (née Baldwin)[52] |
12 January 1916 | 1 January 1940 | Harold Wilson | 4 March 1974 | 58 years | 5 April 1976 | 6 June 2018 (Aged 102) | |
Audrey Callaghan (née Moulton)[53] |
28 July 1915 | 28 July 1938 | James Callaghan | 5 April 1976 | 60 years | 4 May 1979 | 15 March 2005 (Aged 89) | |
Denis Thatcher[t][54] | 10 May 1915 | 13 December 1951 | Margaret Thatcher | 4 May 1979 | 63 years | 28 November 1990 | 26 June 2003 (Aged 88) | |
Norma Major (née Johnson)[55] |
12 February 1942 | 3 October 1970 | John Major | 28 November 1990 | 48 years | 2 May 1997 | Living (Age 82) | |
Cherie Blair (née Booth)[56] |
23 September 1954 | 29 March 1980 | Tony Blair | 2 May 1997 | 42 years | 27 June 2007 | Living (Age 70) | |
Sarah Brown (née Macaulay)[57] |
31 October 1963 | 3 August 2000 | Gordon Brown | 27 June 2007 | 43 years | 11 May 2010 | Living (Age 61) | |
Samantha Cameron (née Sheffield)[58] |
18 April 1971 | 1 June 1996 | David Cameron | 11 May 2010 | 39 years | 13 July 2016 | Living (Age 53) | |
Philip May[59] | 18 September 1957 | 6 September 1980 | Theresa May | 13 July 2016 | 58 years | — | Living (Age 67) | |
Portrait | Spouse | Date of birth | Date of marriage | Prime Minister | Date tenure began | Age at tenure start | Date tenure ended | Date of death |
Living former spouses
There are five living spouses of former prime ministers:
Spouse | Tenure | Date of birth |
---|---|---|
The Countess of Avon | 1955–1957 | 28 June 1920 |
Dame Norma Major | 1990–1997 | 12 February 1942 |
Cherie Blair | 1997–2007 | 23 September 1954 |
Sarah Brown | 2007–2010 | 31 October 1963 |
Samantha Cameron | 2010–2016 | 18 April 1971 |
See also
- List of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom
- Spouse of the Prime Minister of Australia
- Spouse of the Prime Minister of Canada
- Spouse of the Prime Minister of New Zealand
Notes
- ^ Devonshire's wife Charlotte died in 1754.[7]
- ^ Mother of Baron Grenville.[9]
- ^ Mother of William Pitt the Younger.[11]
- ^ Anne's second marriage after the Earl of Upper Ossory.[12]
- ^ Shelburne's second marriage after Sophia Carteret.[15]
- ^ Daughter of the Duke of Devonshire.[17]
- ^ Portland's wife Lady Dorothy died in 1794.[17]
- ^ a b Melbourne's wife Lady Caroline died in 1828.[27]
- ^ Wellington's wife Catherine died in 1831.[25]
- ^ a b Russell's second marriage after Adelaide Lister.[29]
- ^ Aberdeen's wife Harriet died in 1833.[32]
- ^ a b Emily's second marriage after the Earl Cowper.[33] Sister of the Viscount Melbourne.[33]
- ^ Mary's second marriage after Wyndham Lewis.[34]
- ^ Disraeli's wife Mary died in 1872.[34]
- ^ Rosebery's wife Hannah died in 1890.[37]
- ^ Asquith's second marriage after Helen Melland.[39]
- ^ Law's wife Annie died in 1909.[42]
- ^ a b MacDonald's wife Margaret died in 1911.[44]
- ^ Eden's second marriage after Beatrice Beckett.[48]
- ^ First male spouse. Thatcher's second marriage after Margaret Kempson.[54]
References
- ^ Mwanzi, Josephat (2 July 2013). "The first ladies club: Obama and Bush share stage in Africa". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 January 2014.
- ^ Booth, Cherie; Cate, Haste (2005). The Goldfish Bowl: Married To The Prime Minister, 1955–1997. Random House. ISBN 978-0-09-946202-6.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (23 November 2016). "Catherine Shorter". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (6 March 2012). "Maria Skerret". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (4 October 2016). "Lady Catherine Manners". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 11 March 2018.
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (7 April 2012). "Lady Henrietta Godolphin". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (26 November 2012). "Charlotte Elizabeth Boyle, Baroness Clifford". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (22 March 2014). "Mary Wortley-Montagu, Baroness Mount Stuart of Wortley". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (4 November 2014). "Elizabeth Wyndham". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (14 March 2016). "Mary Liddell". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (9 February 2011). "Hester Grenville, Baroness Chatham". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (19 March 2016). "Hon. Anne Liddell". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (1 October 2013). "Elizabeth Wrottesley". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (30 July 2011). "Anne Speke". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (28 April 2011). "Lady Sophia Carteret". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (21 November 2016). "Lady Louisa FitzPatrick". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b c Lundy, Darryl (2 June 2014). "Lady Dorothy Cavendish". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (18 June 2017). "Ursula Mary Hammond". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (18 June 2009). "Hon. Anne Pitt". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (3 July 2015). "Jane Wilson". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (6 February 2013). "Lady Louisa Theodosia Hervey". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (6 February 2013). "Mary Chester". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (14 October 2011). "Joan Scott, Viscountess Canning of Kilbrahan". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (17 May 2014). "Lady Sarah Albinia Louisa Hobart". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (30 April 2011). "Hon. Catherine Sarah Dorothea Pakenham". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (24 September 2010). "Hon. Mary Elizabeth Ponsonby". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (2 February 2011). "Lady Caroline Ponsonby". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (1 November 2015). "Julia Floyd". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (17 September 2016). "Adelaide Lister". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (17 September 2016). "Lady Frances Anna Maria Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b c Lundy, Darryl (9 July 2017). "Hon. Emma Caroline Bootle-Wilbraham". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (2 April 2013). "Harriet Douglas". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b c d Lundy, Darryl (17 June 2012). "Emily Mary Lamb". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b c Lundy, Darryl (28 March 2004). "Mary Ann Viney-Evans, 1st and last Viscountess Beaconsfield". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b c d Lundy, Darryl (4 April 2008). "Catherine Glynne". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b c Lundy, Darryl (6 June 2010). "Georgina Alderson". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (6 August 2016). "Hannah de Rothschild". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (17 November 2008). "Sarah Charlotte Bruce". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (31 October 2015). "Helen Kelsall Melland". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (31 October 2015). "Emma Alice Margaret Tennant". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (6 December 2010). "Margaret Owen". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (3 September 2007). "Annie Pitcairn Robley". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b c Lundy, Darryl (4 June 2012). "Lucy Ridsdale". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (21 November 2008). "Margaret Ethel Gladstone". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (17 May 2011). "Annie Vere Cole". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (9 June 2017). "Clementine Ogilvy Hozier, Baroness Spencer-Churchill". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (23 October 2012). "Violet Helen Millar". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (1 February 2011). "Beatrice Helen Beckett". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (25 July 2009). "Anne Clarissa Spencer-Churchill". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (9 March 2011). "Lady Dorothy Evelyn Cavendish". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (14 December 2012). "Elizabeth Hester Alington". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (23 January 2017). "Gladys Mary Baldwin". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (1 November 2008). "Audrey Elizabeth Moulton". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (8 May 2011). "Sir Denis Thatcher, 1st Bt". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (29 September 2011). "Norma Christina Elizabeth Wagstaff". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ Lundy, Darryl (12 February 2006). "Cherie Booth". thepeerage.com. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ "Sarah Brown: The new 'first lady'". BBC News. 28 June 2007. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ "Profile: Samantha Cameron". BBC News. 14 February 2006. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ "Profile: Theresa May's husband Philip". BBC News. 13 July 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2018.