Thatcham
| Thatcham | |
|---|---|
 The Broadway, Thatcham | |
  Thatcham Location within Berkshire | |
| Area | 21.76 km2 (8.40 sq mi) |
| Population | 26,000 (2016 est.) |
| • Density | 1,195/km2 (3,100/sq mi) |
| OS grid reference | SU5167 |
| Civil parish |
|
| Unitary authority | |
| Ceremonial county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | THATCHAM |
| Postcode district | RG18 and RG19 |
| Dialling code | 01635 |
| Police | Thames Valley |
| Fire | Royal Berkshire |
| Ambulance | South Central |
| UK Parliament | |
Thatcham is a market town in the historic county of Berkshire, England, centred 3 miles (5 km) east of Newbury, 14 miles (24 km) west of Reading and 54 miles (87 km) west of London. Its population grew rapidly in the second half of the 20th century: from 5,000 in 1951 and 7,500 in 1961 to 22,824 in 2001.
Thatcham straddles the River Kennet, the Kennet and Avon Canal, the A4 and the course of a Roman road. It is served by Thatcham railway station on the line between Reading and Newbury. Local employment is chiefly in light industrial premises, sales and distribution, retail and public sectors; see also West Berkshire, its district. Although there are many primary schools in the area, the only secondary school in Thatcham is the Kennet School.
History
The area has evidence of occupation dating from prehistoric times[1] and was listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the strongest claimant to being the oldest continuously inhabited place in Britain. The well-preserved remains of a Mesolithic settlements dating from 8400 to 7700 BC[1] have been found in its vicinity. Evidence also exists of Bronze and Iron Age settlements and of a Roman settlement.
The name may have been derived from that of a Saxon chief called Tace (or perhaps Tac or Tec), who established a village in around AD 500.[2][3] The settlement might have been known as Taceham - ham meaning hamlet in Saxon. However the first written reference[2] in c.975 records it as Thaecham. The Thaec comes from the Saxon þæc or thaec meaning roof-covering. By the time of Domesday Norman Conquest in 1086 the name had altered slightly to Taceham before going through several minor changes until the current form was adopted in the 16th century.
The town had a period of great prosperity around 1304[4] when the Chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr on the A4, now called the Old Bluecoat School, was constructed. At that time the population was larger than Newbury's[2] but it declined as a result of the Black Death in 1348. There is a Norman parish church of St. Mary, which was largely reconstructed in 1857. This is believed to be built on the same site as an earlier Saxon church. It was also previously known as St. Luke's.
In 1121 King Henry I founded the great Abbey of Reading and endowed it with many gifts of land, including the Manor of Thatcham. At the same time Thatcham Hundred ceased to exist: the western part was transferred to Faircross Hundred, and the remainder to the Hundred of Reading.
In 1141 Thatcham Church, previously the property of the Diocese of Salisbury, was granted to Reading Abbey by the Empress Matilda, who at the same time confirmed her father's gift of the manor to the Abbey.
Geography
Thatcham has a site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) just to the south of the town, called Thatcham Reed Beds.[5]
Thatcham ratings
The name "Thatcham" is brand-associated with the approval ratings for car security systems issued by the Motor Insurance Repair Research Centre based near the town (see link below). For instance, "Thatcham Cat 1" (or just "Cat 1") is the approval for a combined car alarm and immobiliser, "Thatcham Cat 2" is for a standalone immobiliser and "Thatcham Cat 3" is for additional physical security devices such as steering wheel locks.
Various statistics
| Output area | Homes owned outright | Owned with a loan | Socially rented | Privately rented | Other | km² roads | km² water | km² domestic gardens | Usual residents | km² |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Civil parish | 2640 | 4629 | 1439 | 1160 | 65 | 0.871 | 0.676 | 2.323 | 25267 | 21.78 |
July 2007 flooding
On July 20, 2007, parts of Thatcham were flooded during a period of sustained heavy rain, during which three times the average July monthly rainfall hit the town in just 24 hours. While the rivers did not overtop, the quantity of water flowing down the hills from Cold Ash and Bucklebury made many roads impassable and stranded hundreds of pupils at Kennet School who tried to wade with rope across Stoney Lane. About 1100 properties were affected; many residents moved out into mobile homes.[7]
Town twinning
Thatcham is twinned with:
See also
References
- ^ a b Thatcham: an historic town in a changing world | Thatcham Historical Society
- ^ a b c Thatcham, Berks, and its manors. Edited and arranged for publication by James Parker : Barfield, Samuel, 1829-1899 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 20 November 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2009.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ http://thatchamhistoricalsociety.org.uk/content/thatchams-growth-prosperity-under-royal-protection[permanent dead link]
- ^ Magic Map Application
- ^ Key Statistics: Dwellings; Quick Statistics: Population Density; Physical Environment: Land Use Survey 2005
- ^ http://www.thatchamtowncouncil.gov.uk/documents/info/Briefing_note_Flooding_and_Thatcham_090209.pdf
External links
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Geographic | |
