Timeline of Vietnam under Chinese rule
Appearance
This is a timeline of Vietnamese history until the end of the Chinese era.
3rd century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
257 BC | Thục Phán of the Âu Việt invades Văn Lang and creates Âu Lạc[1] | |
207 BC | Qin general Zhao Tuo captures the Cổ Loa Citadel and defeats Âu Lạc, creating the two administrative regions of Jiaozhi and Jiuzhen[1] | |
203 BC | Zhao Tuo declares himself king of Nanyue[1] | |
Nanyue conquers Guilin |
2nd century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
198 BC | Two legates are assigned to oversee affairs in Jiaozhi and Jiuzhen[2] | |
181 BC | Nanyue attacks Changsha[3] | |
179 BC | Zhao Tuo dies and is succeeded by Zhao Mo | |
122 BC | Zhao Mo dies and is succeeded by Zhao Xing | |
111 BC | Han conquest of Nanyue: Han general Lu Bode conquers Nanyue and separates it into Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen, Cangwu, Nanhai, Yulin, Hepu, Dan'er, and Zhuya[4] |
1st century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
48 BC | Rinan is created |
1st century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
2 | Census records for Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen, and Rinan record 143,643 households and a population of 981,755[5] | |
40 | Trung sisters' rebellion: Yue tribes rebel in Jiaozhi[6] | |
42 | Trung sisters' rebellion: Ma Yuan leads an expedition to Jiaozhi[7] | |
43 | Trung sisters' rebellion: The Trưng Sisters are decapitated[6] |
2nd century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
100 | A rebellion in Jiaozhi is put down[8] | |
137 | Rinan rebels[8] | |
144 | Rinan rebels[8] | |
160 | Shi Ci becomes administrator of Rinan[8] | |
190 | Shi Ci's son Shi Xie appoints his brothers Shi Yi, Shi Wei, and Shi Wu as administrators of Hepu, Jiuzhen, and Nanhai[9] |
3rd century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
211 | Shi Xie submits to Sun Quan's overlordship[9] | |
217 | Shi Xie sends his son Shi Xin to Sun Quan as hostage[9] | |
226 | Shi Xie dies and Sun Quan's general Lü Dai kills his family[9]; Shi Xie, also called Sĩ Nhiếp in Vietnamese, is remembered today in Vietnam as the father of education and Buddhism - according to Stephen O'Harrow, he was essentially "the first Vietnamese"[10] | |
248 | Lâm Ấp (probably Champa) seizes Rinan[10] |
4th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
347 | Lâm Ấp invades Jiaozhi but is repulsed by the Jin dynasty (265–420)[11] | |
359 | Lâm Ấp is defeated[11] | |
377 | Li Xun seizes Jiuzhen[11] | |
380 | Teng Dunzhi becomes governor of Jiaozhi after Du Yuan kills Li Xun[11] | |
399 | Du Yuan becomes governor of Jiaozhi and defeats a Lâm Ấp invasion[11] |
5th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
405 | Lâm Ấp attacks Jiaozhi[12] | |
410 | Du Yuan dies and is succeeded by Du Huidu[11] | |
411 | A rebel army under Lu Xun attempts to seize control over Jiaozhi but fails[13] | |
413 | Lâm Ấp attacks Jiaozhi[12] | |
415 | Lâm Ấp attacks Jiaozhi[12] | |
423 | Du Huidu dies and is succeeded by Du Hongwen[11] | |
424 | Lâm Ấp attacks Jiaozhi[12] | |
427 | Du Hongwen leaves Jiaozhi for the court after receiving an appointment[11] | |
443 | Tan Hezhi, governor of Jiaozhi, starts recruiting an army[14] | |
446 | Tan Hezhi invades Lâm Ấp and pushes them back to the area around modern Da Nang[14] |
6th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
541 | Lý Bôn rebels and attacks Liang officials[15] | |
544 | February | Lý Bôn establishes the Early Lý dynasty and becomes Lý Nam Đế (Southern Emperor)[16] |
545 | Chen Baxian drives Lý Nam Đế into the mountains, where he is eventually killed, but resistance continues under Lý Thiên Bảo[16] | |
550 | Triệu Việt Vương expels Liang forces from Vạn Xuân | |
555 | Lý Thiên Bảo dies and is succeeded by Hậu Lý Nam Đế | |
571 | Hậu Lý Nam Đế defeats Triệu Việt Vương |
7th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
602 | Sui–Former Lý War: Sui forces under Liu Fang annex the Early Lý dynasty[17] | |
679 | Jiaozhi is renamed Annan[18] | |
687 | Lý Tự Tiên and Đinh Kiến revolt at Đại La in response to a raise in harvest tax[19] |
8th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
722 | Mai Thúc Loan rebels in Annan and is defeated[20] | |
767 | Sea people invade Annan and are defeated[20] | |
785 | Phùng Hưng rebels in Annan[21] | |
791 | Tang regains control of Annan[21] |
9th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
803 | Champa seizes southern Annan[22] | |
846 | Nanzhao raids Annan[22] | |
858 | Rebellion breaks out in Annan and is put down[23] | |
861 | Nanzhao attacks Bo Prefecture and Annan but is repulsed.[24] | |
863 | Nanzhao conquers Annan[25] | |
866 | Gao Pian retakes Annan from Nanzhao[25] | |
880 | Zeng Gun withdraws Tang troops from the south and relinquishes control over Annan[26] |
10th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
907 | The Khúc clan takes control of Annan and establishes tributary relations with Later Liang[26] | |
930 | Southern Han invades Annan and removes the Khúc clan from power[27] | |
931 | Dương Đình Nghệ expels Southern Han from Đại La and declares himself governor[27] | |
937 | Kiều Công Tiễn kills Dương Đình Nghệ and calls Southern Han into a war against his enemies in the southern provinces, however Đình Nghệ's son-in-law Ngô Quyền murders Công Tiễn[28] | |
938 | Battle of Bạch Đằng: Ngô Quyền defeats the Southern Han fleet[28] | |
939 | Ngô Quyền declares his own Ngô dynasty at Cổ Loa Citadel[28] |
Gallery
-
Yue/Viet tribes pre-Han conquest
-
Han conquest of Nanyue in 112 BC
-
Han dynasty Vietnam under Jiaozhi
Citations
- ^ a b c Taylor 2013, p. 14-16.
- ^ Taylor 2013, p. 17.
- ^ Twitchett 2008, p. 136.
- ^ Twitchett 2008, p. 453.
- ^ Taylor 2013, p. 18.
- ^ a b Twitchett 2008, p. 271.
- ^ Taylor 2013, p. 22.
- ^ a b c d Taylor 2013, p. 27.
- ^ a b c d Crespigny 2007, p. 739.
- ^ a b Taylor 2013, p. 29.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Taylor 2013, p. 31.
- ^ a b c d Taylor 2013, p. 32.
- ^ Taylor 2013, p. 23.
- ^ a b Taylor 2013, p. 33.
- ^ Taylor 2013, p. 34.
- ^ a b Taylor 2013, p. 35.
- ^ Taylor 2013.
- ^ Xiong 2009, p. 44.
- ^ Taylor 2013, p. 38.
- ^ a b Taylor 2013, p. 39.
- ^ a b Taylor 2013, p. 40.
- ^ a b Taylor 2013, p. 41.
- ^ Taylor 2013, p. 42.
- ^ Herman 2007, p. 36.
- ^ a b Xiong 2009, p. cxiv.
- ^ a b Taylor 2013, p. 44.
- ^ a b Taylor 2013, p. 45.
- ^ a b c Taylor 2013, p. 46.
Bibliography
- Crespigny, Rafe (2007), A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23-220 AD), Brill
- Taylor, K.W. (2013), A History of the Vietnamese, Cambridge University Press
- Twitchett, Denis (2008), The Cambridge History of China 1, Cambridge University Press
- Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2009), Historical Dictionary of Medieval China, United States of America: Scarecrow Press, Inc., ISBN 0810860538