Ulmus pumila 'Pendula'
| Ulmus pumila | |
|---|---|
 U. pumila 'Pendula', Fengtai, 1908 | |
| Cultivar | 'Pendula' |
| Origin | China |
The Siberian Elm cultivar Ulmus pumila 'Pendula' from northern China was classified by Frank Meyer in 1908,[1] and confirmed as an U. pumila cultivar by Krüssmann in Handbuch der Laubgehölze 2: 540. 1962. The USDA plant inventory record (1916) noted that it was a "rare variety even in China".[2]
Late 19th-century herbarium leaf-specimens suggest that the epithet 'Pendula' has been attached to other forms of Siberian elm.[3]
Description
The tree was described as having pendulous branches bearing small leaves with equal teeth.[4] Frank Meyer's early 20th-century clone from China (see 'Cultivation', below) is a straggling tree with twisting, often level boughs with occasional tangled branch-ends, in branching more like Weeping Ash than the other weeping elms, and with long pendulous pinnate branchlets, like stouter versions of the Turkestan Elm.[5][6][7]
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'Weeping Chinese Elm' (U. pumila 'Pendula'), Royal Crescent, Edinburgh (2016) -
Same tree -
Leaves of 'Weeping Chinese Elm' (U. pumila 'Pendula'), August
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Pests and diseases
See under Ulmus pumila.
Cultivation
Meyer's elm is still cultivated in China, where it is known as Lung chao yü shu (: Dragon's-claw elm);[8] its asymmetrical, contorted habit is clear even in young specimens.[9][10][11] It is more rarely cultivated in Europe and North America; the clone from Fengtai introduced to the USA by Meyer as Weeping Chinese Elm is said to have been "widely distributed" in the northwestern States.[12] The tree probably survives in the Longenecker Horticultural Gardens, University of Wisconsin,[13] however all the specimens grown at the Morton Arboretum, Illinois, obtained in the 1950s had either died or been felled by 2008 because of their poor condition.
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Standards supplied in the West today as U. pumila 'Pendula' appear to be a more symmetrical and neatly shaped clone than Meyer's.[14] The name 'Weeping Chinese Elm' is now sometimes used for Ulmus parvifolia 'Sempervirens', a cultivar of the true Chinese Elm.
Notable trees
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Old examples of 'Pendula', resembling Meyer's 1908 photograph of a mature specimen in Fengtai,[15] survive in Edinburgh (2016). The largest (height 12 m, girth over 2 m), presumably the UK champion, overlooks Ferry Road Path, between 7 and 9 Rosebank Rd.[16] Two others stand at the intersection of Royal Crescent and Dundonald St and at 47 York Rd.[17] There are trees of the same type opposite the Rosebank Rd elm on the other side of Ferry Road Path.
A probable example grows at the Friston Forest car park in East Sussex, England; cloned in 2011, a specimen is now under analysis at the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew.
Synonymy
- Ulmus campestris (: minor) pendula: David, Revue horticole II. 4: 101. 1845.
- Ulmus sibirica Hort.: Lavallée,[18] Arboretum Segrezianum 237, 1877, in synonymy.
- Ulmus pumila Linn. cv. 'Pendula' Kirchner.
Nurseries
Europe
References
- ^ Photograph by Frank Nicholas Meyer of 'Pendula' in Fengtai, via.lib.harvard.edu [1]
- ^ Variety Conservation Group, 'Missing or confused cultivars'
- ^ elmer.rbge.org.uk, [2]
- ^ Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus" (PDF). Arnoldia. 24 (6–8). Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University: 41–80. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
- ^ Variety Conservation Group, 'Missing or confused cultivars'
- ^ Stout branchlets of Meyer's clone in his 1915 photograph of a specimen in the Peking Botanic Garden.
- ^ Ulmus/Meyer (photo 8, 24 April 1915)
- ^ 'Inventory of Seeds and Plants Imported ... April–June 1915' (March 1918), ars-grin.gov/npgs/pi_books/scans/pi043.pdf
- ^ Ulmus pumila 'Pendula' in China, zhiwutong.com Other Ulmus pumila 'Pendula' in China, zhiwutong.com
- ^ Photograph by Meyer of 'Pendula' in Fengtai, via.lib.harvard.edu [3]
- ^ "中国自然标本馆". Cfh.ac.cn. Retrieved 2013-08-30.
- ^ Variety Conservation Group, 'Missing or confused cultivars'
- ^ 'Pendula' in Longenecker Horticultural Gardens: "Ulmus pumila 'Pendula' habit: hort.net photo gallery". Hort.net. Retrieved 2013-08-30.
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ 'Weeping Siberian Elm', plants.gardensupplyco.com
- ^ Ulmus/Meyer (photo 12, 27 Feb. 1908)
- ^ Google Maps: Rosebank Rd - Google Maps, accessdate: August 30, 2016
- ^ The York Rd & Royal Crescent elms may be seen on Google Streetview.
- ^ http://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/botanist_search.php?id=353