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Prohibition and Socialist parties


Elec- tion	Prohibition Party nominee	Convention site	Socialist Labor Party nominee	Convention site	Socialist Party † nominee	Convention site
1872	James Black	Columbus, Ohio
1876	Green Clay Smith	Cleveland, Ohio
1880	Neal Dow	Cleveland
1884	John P. St. John	Pittsburgh, Penna.
1888	Clinton B. Fisk	Indianapolis, Ind.
1892	John Bidwell	Cincinnati, Ohio	Simon Wing	New York City
1896	Joshua Levering	Pittsburgh	Charles Matchett	New York City
1900	John G. Woolley	Chicago, Illinois	Joseph F. Malloney	New York City	Eugene V. Debs (Social Democratic)	Indianapolis (Social Democratic Party)
1904	Silas C. Swallow	Indianapolis	Charles H. Corregan	New York City	Eugene V. Debs	Chicago
1908	Eugene W. Chafin	Columbus	August Gillhaus	New York City	Eugene V. Debs	Chicago
1912	Eugene W. Chafin	Atlantic City, N.J.	Arthur E. Reimer	New York City	Eugene V. Debs	Indianapolis
1916	J. Frank Hanly	St. Paul, Minn.	Arthur E. Reimer	New York City		(mail ballot)
1920	Aaron Watkins	Lincoln, Nebraska	William Wesley Cox	New York City	Eugene V. Debs	New York City
1924	Herman P. Faris	Columbus	Frank T. Johns	New York City	Robert M. La Follette, Sr. (Progressive)	Cleveland
1928	William F. Varney	Chicago	Verne L. Reynolds	New York City	Norman Thomas	New York City
1932	William D. Upshaw	Indianapolis	Verne L. Reynolds	New York City	Norman Thomas	Milwaukee, Wisc.
1936	D. Leigh Colvin	Niagara Falls, N.Y.	John W. Aiken	New York City	Norman Thomas	Cleveland
1940	Roger W. Babson	Chicago	John W. Aiken	New York City	Norman Thomas	Washington, D.C.
1944	Claude A. Watson	Indianapolis	Edward A. Teichert	New York City	Norman Thomas	Reading, Penna.
1948	Claude A. Watson	Winona Lake, Ind.	Edward A. Teichert	New York City	Norman Thomas	Reading
1952	Stuart Hamblen	Indianapolis	Eric Hass	New York City	Darlington Hoopes	Cleveland
1956	Enoch A. Holtwick	Milford, Indiana	Eric Hass	New York City	Darlington Hoopes	Chicago
1960	Rutherford Decker	Winona Lake	Eric Hass	New York City
1964	E. Harold Munn	Chicago	Eric Hass	New York City
1968	E. Harold Munn	Detroit	Henning A. Blomen	Brooklyn, N.Y.
1972	E. Harold Munn	Wichita, Kansas	Louis Fisher	Detroit
1976	Benjamin C. Bubar	Wheat Ridge, Colo.	Jules Levin	Southfield, Mich.	Frank P. Zeidler	Milwaukee [SPUSA]
1980	Benjamin C. Bubar	Birmingham, Alab.			David McReynolds	Milwaukee [SPUSA]
1984	Earl Dodge	Mandan, North Dakota			Sonia Johnson (Citizens' Party)	Milwaukee [SPUSA]
1988	Earl Dodge	Springfield, Illinois			Willa Kenoyer	Milwuakee [SPUSA]
1992	Earl Dodge	Minneapolis, Minn.			J. Quinn Brisben	Milwaukee [SPUSA]
1996	Earl Dodge	Denver, Colorado			Mary Cal Hollis	Milwaukee [SPUSA]
2000	Earl Dodge	Bird-in-Hand, Penna.			David McReynolds	Milwaukee [SPUSA]
2004	Gene Amondson	Fairfield Glade, Tenn.			Walt Brown	Chicago [SPUSA]
2008	Gene Amondson	Indianapolis			Brian Moore	St. Louis [SPUSA]

† Socialist Party: The 1900 convention was of the Social Democratic Party of America which merged in 1901 into the Socialist Party of America (1901–72), whose conventions are shown from 1904 to 1956. The conventions since 1976 are of the Socialist Party, USA, organized in 1973 by former members of the Socialist Party of America.

Constitution, Citizens', Green and Libertarian Parties

Elec- tion	U.S. Taxpayers' or Constitution Party nominee	Convention site	Citizens' or Green Party nominee	Convention site	Libertarian Nominee	Convention site
1972					John Hospers	Denver, Colo.
1976					Roger MacBride	Washington, D.C.
1980			Barry Commoner	Cleveland ^Cit	Ed Clark	Washington
1984			Sonia Johnson	St. Paul, Minn. ^Cit	David Bergland	Washington
1988					Ron Paul	Washington
1992	Howard Phillips	New Orleans ^USTP			André Marrou	Washington
1996	Howard Phillips	San Diego ^USTP	Ralph Nader	Los Angeles ^G	Harry Browne	Washington
2000	Howard Phillips	St. Louis, Mo. ^Con	Ralph Nader	Los Angeles ^G	Harry Browne	Anaheim, Calif.
2004	Michael Peroutka	Valley Forge, Pa. ^Con	David Cobb	Milwaukee ^G	Michael Badnarik	Atlanta, Georgia
2008	Chuck Baldwin	Kansas City, Mo. ^Con	Cynthia McKinney	Chicago ^G	Bob Barr	Denver

American, Constitution, Green and Libertarian Parties

Elec- tion	American, U.S. Taxpayers' or Constitution Party nominee	Convention site	Citizens' or Green Party nominee	Convention site	Libertarian Nominee	Convention site
1972	John G. Schmitz	Louisville, Ky. ^Am			John Hospers	Denver, Colo.
1976	Thomas J. Anderson	Salt Lake City ^Am			Roger MacBride	Washington, D.C.
1980	Percy L. Greaves, Jr.	Pasadena, Calif. ^Am	Barry Commoner	Cleveland ^Cit	Ed Clark	Washington
1984	Delmar Dennis	Charlotte, N.C. ^Am	Sonia Johnson	St. Paul, Minn. ^Cit	David Bergland	Washington
1988	Delmar Dennis	Salt Lake City ^Am			Ron Paul	Washington
1992	Howard Phillips	New Orleans ^USTP			André Marrou	Washington
1996	Howard Phillips	San Diego ^USTP	Ralph Nader	Los Angeles ^G	Harry Browne	Washington
2000	Howard Phillips	St. Louis, Mo. ^Con	Ralph Nader	Los Angeles ^G	Harry Browne	Anaheim, Calif.
2004	Michael Peroutka	Valley Forge, Pa. ^Con	David Cobb	Milwaukee ^G	Michael Badnarik	Atlanta, Georgia
2008	Chuck Baldwin	Kansas City, Mo. ^Con	Cynthia McKinney	Chicago ^G	Bob Barr	Denver

Socialist Party nominees

Election year	Result	Nominees
Election year	Result	President	Vice President
1900	87,945 votes 0.6% on SDP ballot lines	Eugene V. Debs, labor organizer (Social Democratic Party)	Job Harriman, lawyer (Social Democratic Party)
1904	402,810 votes 3.0%	Eugene V. Debs	Benjamin Hanford, printer and trade unionist
1908	420,793 votes 2.8%		Benjamin Hanford, printer and trade unionist
1912	901,551 votes 6.0%		Emil Seidel, Mayor of Milwaukee
1916	590,524 votes 3.2%	Allan L. Benson, newspaper editor	George R. Kirkpatrick, anti-war and socialist lecturer
1920	913,693 votes 3.4%	Eugene V. Debs	Seymour Stedman, civil liberties lawyer
1924	4,831,706 votes 16.6% on Progressive, Socialist, and other ballot lines	Robert M. La Follette (Progressive Party) U.S. Senator from Wisconsin	Burton K. Wheeler (Progressive Party) U.S. Senator from Montana
1928	267,478 votes 0.7%	Norman Thomas, pacifist	James H. Maurer, trade unionist, former Pennsylvania state legislator
1932	884,885 votes 2.2%
1936	187,910 votes 0.4%		George A. Nelson, dairy farmer, former Wisconsin state legislator
1940	116,599 votes 0.2%		Maynard C. Krueger, economist
1944	79,017 votes 0.2%		Darlington Hoopes, former Pennsylvania state legislator
1948	139,569 votes 0.3%		Tucker P. Smith, economist
1952	20,065 votes 0.03%	Darlington Hoopes	Samuel H. Friedman
1956	2,044 votes 0.003%	Darlington Hoopes	Samuel H. Friedman

1900– Eugene V. Debs and Job Harriman (87,945 votes, 0.6%)
1904– Eugene V. Debs and Benjamin Hanford (402,810 votes, 3.0%)
1908– Eugene V. Debs and Ben Hanford (420,793 votes, 2.8%)
1912– Eugene V. Debs and Emil Seidel (901,551 votes, 6.0%)
1916– Allan L. Benson and George R. Kirkpatrick (590,524 votes, 3.2%)
1920– Eugene V. Debs and Seymour Stedman (913,693 votes, 3.4%)
1924– endorsed Progressive Party candidates Robert M. La Follette, Sr. and Burton K. Wheeler (4,831,706 votes, 16.6%, on Progressive, Socialist, and other ballot lines)
1928– Norman Thomas and James H. Maurer (267,478 votes, 0.7%)
1932– Norman Thomas and James H. Maurer (884,885 votes, 2.2%)
1936– Norman Thomas and George A. Nelson (187,910 votes, 0.4%)
1940– Norman Thomas and Maynard C. Krueger (116,599 votes, 0.2%)
1944– Norman Thomas and Darlington Hoopes (79,017 votes, 0.2%)
1948– Norman Thomas and Tucker P. Smith (139,569 votes, 0.3%)
1952– Darlington Hoopes and Samuel H. Friedman (20,065 votes, <0.1%)
1956– Darlington Hoopes and Samuel H. Friedman (2,044 votes, <0.1%)