Willie Nelson singles discography
Appearance
Willie Nelson discography | |
---|---|
![]() Willie Nelson performing during a 2006 concert. | |
Music videos | 35 |
Singles | 110 |
No. 1 Single (USA) | 25 |
No. 1 Single (Overall) | 33 |
The following is a detailed discography of all singles released by country music singer Willie Nelson. A total of twenty-five Nelson singles have reached number one on music charts.
His 1982 single, "Always On My Mind" broke Top 10 in Billboard Hot 100. Two years later, his duet with Julio Iglesias "To All The Girls I've Loved Before" became a world-wide hit. His albums and singles were successful in many countries, especially New Zealand, Australia and some European countries.
Singles
1950s and 1960s
Year | Single | Peak chart positions | Album | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
US Country [1] |
US [2] |
CAN Country[3] | |||
1957 | "No Place For Me" | — | — | — | — |
1959 | "Man With the Blues" | — | — | — | |
1960 | "What a Way to Live" | — | — | — | |
"Nite Life" | — | — | — | ||
1961 | "The Part Where I Cry" | — | — | — | ...And Then I Wrote |
1962 | "Willingly" (with Shirley Collie) | 10 | — | — | — |
"Touch Me" | 7 | 109 | — | ...And Then I Wrote | |
"Wake Me When It's Over" | — | — | — | ||
"You Dream About Me" | — | — | — | — | |
1963 | "Half a Man" | 25 | 129 | — | Here's Willie Nelson |
"Take My Word" | — | — | — | ||
"You Took My Happy Away" | 33 | — | — | — | |
1964 | "Am I Blue?" | — | — | — | |
"River Boy" | — | — | — | ||
"I Never Cared For You" | — | — | — | ||
"Pretty Paper" | — | — | — | ||
1965 | "She's Not for You" | 43 | — | — | |
"Healing Hands of Time" | — | — | — | ||
"I Just Can't Let You Say Goodbye" | 48 | — | — | Country Music Concert | |
1966 | "One in a Row" | 19 | — | — | Make Way for Willie Nelson |
"Colombus Stockade Blues" | — | — | — | — | |
"I'm Still Not Over You" | — | — | — | ||
1967 | "The Party's Over" | 24 | — | — | The Party's Over |
"Blackjack County Chain" | 21 | — | — | — | |
"San Antonio" | 50 | — | — | Country Favorites | |
1968 | "Little Things" | 22 | — | 8 | Good Times |
"Good Times" | 44 | — | — | ||
"Johnny One Time" | 36 | — | — | — | |
1969 | "Bring Me Sunshine" | 13 | — | 38 | Spotlight on Willie Nelson |
"I Hope So" | 36 | — | — | — | |
"—" denotes releases that did not chart |
1970s
Year | Single | Peak chart positions | Album | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
US Country [1] |
US[4] | CAN Country[5] | CAN[6] | CAN AC[7] | AUS | |||
1970 | "Once More with Feeling" | 42 | — | 35 | — | — | — | Both Sides Now |
"Laying My Burdens Down" | 68 | — | — | — | — | — | Laying My Burdens Down | |
1971 | "I'm a Memory" | 28 | — | — | — | — | — | Willie Nelson and Family |
"Yesterday's Wine" / "Me and Paul" | 62 | — | — | — | — | — | Yesterday's Wine | |
1972 | "Words Don't Fit the Picture" | 73 | — | — | — | — | — | The Words Don't Fit the Picture |
1973 | "Shotgun Willie" | 60 | — | 66 | — | — | — | Shotgun Willie |
"Stay All Night (Stay a Little Longer)" | 22 | — | 26 | — | — | — | ||
1974 | "I Still Can't Believe You're Gone" | 51 | — | — | — | — | — | Phases and Stages |
"Bloody Mary Morning" | 17 | — | 26 | — | — | — | ||
"Sister's Coming Home" | 93 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
1975 | "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain" | 1 | 21 | 2 | 40 | 9 | 57 | Red Headed Stranger |
1976 | "Remember Me (When the Candle Lights Are Gleaming)" | 2 | 67 | 6 | 78 | — | — | |
"I'd Have to Be Crazy" | 11 | — | 7 | — | — | — | The Sound in Your Mind | |
"If You've Got the Money I've Got the Time" | 1 | — | 5 | — | — | — | ||
1977 | "Uncloudy Day" | 4 | — | 4 | — | — | — | The Troublemaker |
"I Love You a Thousand Ways" | 9 | — | 20 | — | — | — | To Lefty from Willie | |
1978 | "Georgia on My Mind" | 1 | 84 | 1 | 86 | 16 | — | Stardust |
"Blue Skies" | 1 | — | 1 | — | 4 | 53 | ||
"All of Me" | 3 | — | 4 | — | — | — | ||
1979 | "Whiskey River" | 12 | — | 3 | — | — | — | Willie and Family Live |
"September Song" | 15 | — | 5 | — | — | — | Stardust | |
"White Christmas" | — | — | — | — | — | — | Pretty Paper | |
"—" denotes releases that did not chart |
1980s
Year | Single | Peak positions | Album | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
US Country [1] |
US[8] | US AC | CAN Country[9][10] | CAN[6] | CAN AC[7] | IRE | AUS | UK | |||
1980 | "Help Me Make It Through the Night" | 4 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | Sings Kristofferson |
"My Heroes Have Always Been Cowboys" | 1 | 44 | — | 1 | — | 3 | — | — | — | The Electric Horseman | |
"Midnight Rider" | 6 | — | — | 1 | — | 10 | — | — | — | ||
"On the Road Again" | 1 | 20 | 7 | 2 | — | 3 | — | 64 | — | Honeysuckle Rose | |
1981 | "Angel Flying Too Close to the Ground" | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | |
"Mona Lisa" | 11 | — | — | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | Somewhere Over the Rainbow | |
"I'm Gonna Sit Right Down and Write Myself a Letter" | 26 | — | — | 25 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
"Heartaches of a Fool" | 39 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Greatest Hits (& Some That Will Be) | |
1982 | "Always on My Mind"[A] | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 4 | 8 | 39 | 49 | Always on My Mind |
"Let It Be Me" | 2 | 40 | 11 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | ||
"Last Thing I Needed First Thing This Morning" | 2 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
1983 | "Little Old Fashioned Karma" | 10 | — | — | 20 | — | — | — | — | — | Tougher Than Leather |
"Why Do I Have to Choose" | 3 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | Take It to the Limit | |
"Take It to the Limit" (with Waylon Jennings) | 8 | 102 | 31 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
"Without a Song" | 11 | — | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | Without a Song | |
1984 | "City of New Orleans" | 1 | — | 30 | 1 | — | 3 | — | — | — | City of New Orleans |
1985 | "Forgiving You Was Easy" | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | Me & Paul |
"Me and Paul" (re-recording) | 14 | — | — | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
1986 | "Living in the Promiseland" | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | The Promiseland |
"I'm Not Trying to Forget You" | 21 | — | — | 23 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
1987 | "Partners After All" | 24 | — | — | 33 | — | — | — | — | — | Partners |
"Heart of Gold" | 44 | — | — | 52 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
"Island in the Sea" | 27 | — | — | 32 | — | — | — | — | — | Island in the Sea | |
1988 | "Nobody There But Me" | 82 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
"Spanish Eyes" (with Julio Iglesias) | 8 | — | — | * | — | — | — | 93 | — | What a Wonderful World | |
"Twilight Time" | 41 | — | — | * | — | — | — | — | — | ||
1989 | "Nothing I Can Do About It Now" | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | A Horse Called Music |
"There You Are" | 8 | — | — | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
"Is the Better Part Over?" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
"—" denotes releases that did not chart * denotes unknown peak positions |
1990s
Year | Single | Peak chart positions |
Album | |
---|---|---|---|---|
US Country [1] |
CAN Country[10] | |||
1990 | "Highway" | 52 | 71 | A Horse Called Music |
"Ain't Necessarily So" | 17 | 29 | Born for Trouble | |
1991 | "The Piper Came Today" | 70 | — | |
"Ten With a Two" | 45 | 35 | ||
1993 | "Graceland" | 70 | 41 | Across the Borderline |
"Still Is Still Moving to Me" | — | — | ||
1995 | "Turn Me Loose and Let Me Swing" | — | 86 | Six Hours at Pedernales |
1998 | "I Never Cared for You" | — | — | Teatro |
"—" denotes releases that did not chart |
2000s and 2010s
Year | Single | Peak chart positions |
Album | |
---|---|---|---|---|
US Country [1] |
US[11] | |||
2002 | "Mendocino County Line" (with Lee Ann Womack) | 22 | 113 | The Great Divide |
"Maria (Shut Up and Kiss Me)" | 41 | — | ||
2003 | "Wurlitzer Prize" (with Norah Jones) | — | — | Live and Kickin' |
2005 | "I'm a Worried Man" (with Toots Hibbert) | — | — | Countryman |
"The Harder They Come" | — | — | ||
2006 | "You Don't Know Me" | — | — | You Don't Know Me |
"Cowboys Are Frequently, Secretly Fond of Each Other" | — | 52 | — | |
2008 | "Gravedigger" | — | — | Moment of Forever |
"You Don't Think I'm Funny Anymore" | — | — | ||
2011 | "The Scientist" | — | 103 | — |
2012 | "Roll Me Up and Smoke Me When I Die" | — | — | Heroes |
"Just Breathe" | — | — | ||
"Come On Back Jesus" | — | — | ||
2013 | "From Here to the Moon and Back" (with Dolly Parton) | — | — | To All the Girls... |
"Grandma's Hands" (with Mavis Staples) | — | — | ||
"It Won't Be Long" (with The Secret Sisters) | — | — | ||
"Somewhere Between" (with Loretta Lynn) | — | — | ||
2014 | "The Wall" | — | — | Band of Brothers |
"Bring It On" | — | — | ||
"Laws of Nature" | — | — | December Day | |
"Who'll Buy My Memories" | — | — | ||
"—" denotes releases that did not chart |
Collaborations
Singles from collaboration albums
Year | Single | Artist | Peak chart positions[12] | Album | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
US Country [1] |
US | US AC | CAN Country | CAN | CAN AC | IRE | NZ | AUS | UK | ||||
1976 | "Good Hearted Woman" | Waylon Jennings | 1 | 25 | 16 | 5 | — | 6 | — | — | — | — | Wanted! The Outlaws |
1978 | "Mammas Don't Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be Cowboys" | 1 | 42 | 33 | 1 | 57 | 42 | — | — | — | — | Waylon & Willie | |
"I Can Get Off On You" | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
"If You Can Touch Her at All" | — | 5 | 104 | — | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
1979 | "Heartbreak Hotel" | Leon Russell | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | One for the Road |
"Crazy Arms" | — | 16 | — | — | 10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | San Antonio Rose | |
1980 | "Night Life" | Danny Davis & The Nashville Brass |
20 | — | — | 9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Willie Nelson and Danny Davis |
"Funny How Time Slips Away" | 41 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
"Faded Love" | Ray Price | 3 | — | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | San Antonio Rose | |
"Don't You Ever Get Tired (Of Hurting Me)" | 11 | — | — | 18 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
1982 | "Old Friends" (with Ray Price) | Roger Miller | 19 | — | — | 18 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Old Friends |
"In the Jailhouse Now" | Webb Pierce | 72 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | In the Jailhouse Now | |
"(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay" | Waylon Jennings | 13 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | WWII | |
1983 | "Everything's Beautiful (In It's [sic] Own Way)" | Dolly Parton | 7 | 102 | 19 | 5 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | The Winning Hand |
"Reasons to Quit" | Merle Haggard | 6 | — | — | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Pancho & Lefty | |
"You're Gonna Love Yourself (In the Morning)" | Brenda Lee | 43 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | The Winning Hand | |
"Pancho and Lefty" | Merle Haggard | 1 | — | 21 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Pancho & Lefty | |
1984 | "To All the Girls I've Loved Before"[A] | Julio Iglesias | 1 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 16 | 2 | 4 | 17 | Half Nelson |
"How Do You Feel About Foolin' Around" | Kris Kristofferson | 46 | — | — | 35 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Music from Songwriter | |
"Seven Spanish Angels" | Ray Charles | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 6 | 29 | — | Half Nelson | |
1985 | "Are There Any More Real Cowboys" | Neil Young | — | — | — | 37 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
1991 | "If I Can Find a Clean Shirt" | Waylon Jennings | 51 | — | — | 25 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Clean Shirt |
2015 | "It's All Going to Pot" | Merle Haggard | 48 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Django & Jimmie |
"—" denotes releases that did not chart |
Guest singles
Year | Single | Artist | Peak chart positions[12] | Album | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
US Country [1] |
US | CAN Country | NLD | BEL | NOR | ||||
1967 | "Chet's Tune" | Some of Chet's Friends | 38 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
1974 | "After the Fire Is Gone" | Tracy Nelson | 17 | — | — | — | — | — | Tracy Nelson |
1977 | "Lily Dale" | Darrell McCall | 32 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
"You Are My Sunshine" | Duane Eddy (with Waylon Jennings, Kin Vassy and Deed Eddy) |
69 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
"Luckenbach, Texas (Back to the Basics of Love)" | Waylon Jennings | 1 | 25 | 1 | — | — | — | Ol' Waylon | |
1978 | "Something to Brag About" | Mary Kay Place | 9 | — | 14 | — | — | — | Aimin' to Please |
"Ain't Life Hell" | Hank Cochran | 77 | — | — | — | — | — | With a Little Help from My Friends | |
1980 | "A Little Bitty Tear" | 57 | — | — | — | — | — | Make the World Go Away | |
1981 | "There's a Crazy Man" | Jody Payne | 65 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
1982 | "Just to Satisfy You" | Waylon Jennings | 1 | 52 | 2 | — | — | — | Black on Black |
1983 | "They All Went to Mexico" | Carlos Santana | — | — | — | 7 | 8 | — | Havana Moon |
1984 | "Wabash Cannonball" | Hank Wilson | 91 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
1985 | "We Are the World" | USA for Africa | 76 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | We Are the World |
1986 | "I've Already Cheated On You" | David Allan Coe | 56 | — | — | — | — | — | Son of the South |
"Mind Your Own Business" | Hank Williams Jr. (with Reba McEntire, Tom Petty and Reverend Ike) |
1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | Montana Cafe | |
1987 | "If I Could Only Fly" | Merle Haggard | 58 | — | 50 | — | — | — | Seashores of Old Mexico |
1990 | "Gulf Coast Highway" | Emmylou Harris | — | — | 52 | — | — | — | Duets |
1999 | "Two Sleepy People" | Crystal Gayle | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sings the Heart and Soul of Hoagy Carmichael |
2003 | "Beer for My Horses" | Toby Keith | 1 | 22 | * | — | — | — | Unleashed |
2007 | "On the Road Again" | Deana Carter | — | — | — | — | — | — | The Chain |
2008 | "My Medicine" | Snoop Dogg (with Everlast) | — | — | — | 26 | — | — | Ego Trippin |
"Lost Highway" | Kurt Nilsen | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | Rise to the Occasion | |
2014 | "Hard to be an Outlaw" | Billy Joe Shaver | — | — | — | — | — | — | Long in the Tooth |
"—" denotes releases that did not chart * denotes unknown peak positions |
Other singles
Promotional singles
Year | Single | Peak positions | Album | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
US Country [1] |
US | CAN Country | |||
1975 | "Fire and Rain" | 29 | — | 44 | What Can You Do to Me Now |
1976 | "Last Letter" | 46 | — | — | Country Willie |
"I Gotta Get Drunk" | 55 | 101 | — | Both Sides Now | |
1977 | "I'm a Memory" (re-release) | 22 | — | 21 | Willie – Before His Time |
"You Ought to Hear Me Cry" | 16 | — | 11 | ||
1978 | "Will You Remember Mine" | 67 | — | — | Sweet Memories |
"There'll Be No Teardrops Tonight" | 86 | — | 54 | There'll Be No Teardrops Tonight | |
1979 | "Sweet Memories" | 4 | — | 1 | Sweet Memories |
1980 | "Family Bible" | 92 | — | 74 | Family Bible |
1981 | "Good Times" (re-release) | 25 | — | 9 | Minstrel Man |
"Mountain Dew" | 23 | — | 39 | ||
"—" denotes releases that did not chart |
Other charted songs
Year | Single | Peak chart positions |
Album | |
---|---|---|---|---|
US Country | US Country Airplay | |||
2004 | "Please Come Home for Christmas" | 50 | — | A Very Special Acoustic Christmas |
"Pretty Paper" (with Kenny Chesney) | 45 | — | All I Want for Christmas Is a Real Good Tan | |
2008 | "That Lucky Old Sun" (with Kenny Chesney) | 56 | — | Lucky Old Sun |
2010 | "Baby, It's Cold Outside" (with Norah Jones) | 55 | — | American Classic |
2013 | "Coconut Tree" (with Kenny Chesney) | — | 56 | Life on a Rock |
"—" denotes releases that did not chart |
Music videos
Year | Video | Director |
---|---|---|
1982 | "Always on My Mind" | |
1983 | "Pancho and Lefty" (with Merle Haggard) | Lana Nelson |
"Tougher Than Leather" | ||
1984 | "To All the Girls I've Loved Before" (with Julio Iglesias) | |
1985 | "Seven Spanish Angels" (with Ray Charles) | |
"Are There Any More Real Cowboys" (with Neil Young) | Lana Nelson | |
1986 | "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain" | |
"Living in the Promiseland" | ||
1989 | "There You Are" | Richard Kooris |
1991 | "If I Can Find a Clean Shirt" (with Waylon Jennings) | Deaton-Flanigen Productions |
1993 | "Don't Give Up" (with Sinéad O'Connor) | Peter Israelson |
"Still Is Still Moving to Me" | John Williamson | |
1994 | "Afraid" | Joseph Kahn |
"December Day" | ||
"Once You're Past the Blues" (with Curtis Potter) | ||
1995 | "Turn Me Loose and Let Me Swing" (with Curtis Potter) | |
1996 | "She Is Gone" | Liam Lunson |
1998 | "I Never Cared for You" | Wim Winders |
"My Own Peculiar Way" | ||
2001 | "Rainbow Connection" | Greg Pritikin |
2002 | "Mendocino County Line" (with Lee Ann Womack) | Mark Seliger |
"Maria (Shut Up and Kiss Me)" | ||
2003 | "Always on My Mind" (with Jon Bon Jovi and Richie Sambora) | Jeb Brien |
"Beer for My Horses" (with Toby Keith) | Michael Salomon | |
"Wurlitzer Prize" (with Norah Jones) | Jeb Brien | |
2004 | "Shotgun Willie/Shotgun Bobby" (with Kid Rock) | |
2005 | "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" (with Jessica Simpson) | Brett Ratner |
"I'm a Worried Man" (with Toots Hibbert) | Ras Kassa | |
"The Harder They Come" | ||
2006 | "Big Booty" | Willie Nelson |
"You Don't Know Me" | Danny Clinch | |
2007 | "I Give" (with Shawn King) | |
2008 | "Gravedigger" | Dean Karr |
"You Don't Think I'm Funny Anymore" | David Anderson/Lana Nelson | |
"My Medicine" (with Snoop Dogg) | Pook Brown | |
2009 | "Back to Earth" (with Melonie Cannon) | Scott Hansen |
"Hesitation Blues" (with Asleep at the Wheel) | Zalman King | |
2012 | "Just Breathe" | Max Nichols |
"A Horse Called Music" | Andrew Shapter | |
2013 | "I Wish I Didn't Love You So" | |
"Have You Ever Seen the Rain" | ||
2014 | "The Wall" | |
"Band of Brothers" | ||
"Who'll Buy My Memories" | ||
"Laws of Nature" | ||
"Summer of Roses" / "December Day" | ||
2015 | "It's All Going to Pot" | |
"Alice in Hulaland" (with Merle Haggard)[13] | ||
2016 | "Lay Me Down" (with Loretta Lynn)[14] | David McClister |
Notes
Footnotes
- ^ a b c d e f g h Whitburn, Joel (2008). Hot Country Songs 1944 to 2008. Record Research, Inc. pp. 294–296. ISBN 0-89820-177-2.
- ^ Whitburn, Joel (1990). Joel Whitburn presents the Billboard hot 100 charts: the sixties. Record Research, Inc. ISBN 978-0898200744.
- ^ "RPM Country singles (1960s)". RPM Magazine. Library and Archives - Canada. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
- ^ Whitburn, Joel (1990). Joel Whitburn presents the Billboard hot 100 charts: the seventies. Record Research, Inc. ISBN 978-0898200768.
- ^ "RPM Country singles (1970s)". RPM Magazine. Library and Archives - Canada. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
- ^ a b "RPM Top singles". RPM Magazine. Library and Archives - Canada. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
- ^ a b "RPM Adult Contemporary singles". RPM Magazine. Library and Archives - Canada. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
- ^ Whitburn, Joel (1995). Joel Whitburn presents the Billboard hot 100 charts: the eighties. Record Research, Inc. ISBN 978-0898200799.
- ^ "RPM Country singles (1980s)". RPM Magazine. Library and Archives - Canada. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
- ^ a b "RPM Country singles (1980s-90s)". RPM Magazine. Library and Archives - Canada. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
- ^ Whitburn, Joel (2011). Joel Whitburn presents the Billboard hot 100 charts: the 2000s. Record Research, Inc. ISBN 978-0898201826.
- ^ a b allmusic ((( Willie Nelson > Charts & Awards > Billboard Singles )))
- ^ "CMT : Videos : Willie Nelson and Merle Haggard : Alice in Hulaland". Country Music Television. Retrieved June 28, 2015.
- ^ Vinson, Christina (March 23, 2016). "Loretta Lynn and Willie Nelson Reunite for 'Lay Me Down' Music Video". The Boot. Retrieved March 25, 2016.
- ^ RIAA Gold and Platinum Search for singles by Willie Nelson May 28, 2008
References
- Johnson, Thomas S. "Willie Nelson: A Discographic Listing." Monograph. Four editions. Willie Nelson Fan Club, 1981-1985.
- "45 Discography for Liberty Records - 55000 series". Global Dog Productions. 2005. Retrieved November 11, 2013.
- "45 Discography for RCA Records - 47-8000 series". Global Dog Productions. 2005. Retrieved November 11, 2013.
- "45 Discography for RCA Records - 47-9000 series". Global Dog Productions. 2005. Retrieved July 27, 2013.