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List of World War I aces credited with 5 victories

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Facial shot of a cleancut middleaged uniformed man in dress hat with face turned quartering toward left side of shot
General Harold Huston George, when a young lieutenant, was a flying ace credited with five victories during World War I.

The term ace (now commonly flying ace) was first used by French newspapers during World War I, describing Adolphe Pégoud as l'as ('the ace'), after he downed five German aircraft. When aircraft began to shoot or force down other aircraft, systems to count "air victories" were subsequently developed. The American qualification of five victories eventually became the standard, even though other air services had previously used differing figures.[1]

While "ace" status was most often won by fighter pilots, bomber and reconnaissance crews, and observers in two-seater aircraft such as the Bristol F.2b ("Bristol Fighter"), also destroyed enemy aircraft. If a two-seater aircraft destroyed an aircraft, both crew members were credited with a victory. Because pilots usually teamed with differing observer/gunners in two-seater aircraft, an observer might be an ace when his pilot was not, and vice versa.[2] The few aces among combat aviators have historically accounted for the majority of air-to-air victories in military history.[3]

Loss of records by mischance and the passage of time complicates reconstructing the actual count for given aces. The scores presented in the list cannot be definitive, but are based on itemized lists that are the best available sources of information.[4] Aces are listed after verifying the date and location of combat, and the foe vanquished, for every victory accredited by an aviator's home air service using their own aerial victory standards. Those victories for which the evidence is unavailable or fragmentary have been excluded from the victory count.

List

[edit]
Name Country Air service(s) Victories
Albert Achard France Aéronautique Militaire 5[5]
John Aldridge United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[6]
Michele Allasia Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 5[7]
Antonio Amantea Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 5[8]
George Benson Anderson Canada Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[9]
Arnold Ansell United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[10]
D'Urban Armstrong South Africa 5[11]
Anthony Arnold United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[12]
Maurice Arnoux France Aéronautique Militaire 5[13]
Jean Arpheuil France Aéronautique Militaire 5[14]
Edward Asbury United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[15]
Lionel Ashfield United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[15]
Rupert Atkinson United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[16]
Hans Auer German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5<[17]
Frank Babbage United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[18]
William T. Badham United States Aéronautique Militaire, US Army Air Service, United States Army Air Force 5[19]
Lovell Baker United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[20]
Yves F. Barbaza France Aéronautique Militaire 5[21]
Andre Barcat 5[22]
Bernard Bartels German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[23]
Auguste Baux France Aéronautique Militaire 5[24]
Louis Bawlf Canada Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force 5[25]
Dumitru Bădulescu Romania Corpul de Aviație Român 5[26]
Sebastiano Bedendo Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 5[27]
Charles Gordon Bell United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[28]
William Benger United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 5[29]
Risdon Mackenzie Bennett United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[30]
Ronald Berlyn United Kingdom 5[31]
Joachim von Bertrab German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[32]
Rudolf Besel 5[33]
Otto Bieleit 5[33]
Frank Billinge United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[34]
Eduard Blaas German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[35]
Basil Blackett United Kingdom Australian Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[36]
George Walker Blaiklock Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[37]
Arthur Winston Blake South Africa 5[38]
Georges Blanc France Aéronautique Militaire 5[39]
Alfred Blenkiron United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[40]
Charles Blizard 5[41]
Marcel Bloch France Aéronautique Militaire 5[39]
Hans-Helmut von Boddien German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[42]
Erich Bönisch 5[43]
William Otway Boger Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[40]
William Bond United Kingdom 5[40]
Edward Borgfeldt Booth Canada 5[44]
Gustav Borm German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[45]
Charles Borzecki France Aéronautique Militaire 5[46]
Alan Bott United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[44]
William Bottrill Canada 5[41]
Francis Bowles United Kingdom 5[47]
Hans Bowski German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[45]
Herbert Boy 5[48]
Harold Koch Boysen United States Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[49]
Otto von Breiten-Landenberg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[50]
Godfrey Brembridge United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[51]
Orlando Bridgeman 5[31]
Allan Brown Australia Australian Flying Corps 5[52]
Sydney Brown United States Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[53]
John Bruce Norton United Kingdom 5[54]
Harold Buckley United States US Army Air Service 5[55]
Alexandre Buisson France Aéronautique Militaire 5[56]
Friedrich-Karl Burckhardt German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[57]
Malcolm Burger South Africa Royal Air Force 5[58]
Julius Busa Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[59]
Joseph Callaghan United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[60]
Lawrence Callahan United States Royal Air Force, US Army Air Service 5[60]
Umberto Calvello Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 5[61]
Douglas Cameron United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[62]
Pierre Cardon France Aéronautique Militaire 5[63]
Edward Caulfield-Kelly United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[64]
Lucien Cayol France Aéronautique Militaire 5[65]
James Child United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[66]
Karl Christ German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[67]
Alexander Goodlet Clark Australia Australian Flying Corps 5[68]
William Clarke United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[69]
Lewis Collins United Kingdom 5[70]
Harry Compton Canada 5[71]
Everett Cook United States Aéronautique Militaire, US Army Air Service 5[72]
Antoine Cordonnier France Aéronautique Militaire 5[73]
George J. Cox Australia Australian Flying Corps 5[74]
George M. Cox United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[74]
Fergus Craig Royal Air Force 5[74]
Kelvin Crawford Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[75]
Gerard Crole 5[75]
John Crompton Canada 5[76]
Theodor Croneiss German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[77]
Robert James Cullen United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[78]
Lumsden Cummings Canada 5[79]
Frederick Cunninghame United Kingdom 5[80]
Wilhelm Cymera German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[81]
Sydney Dalrymple Australia Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[82]
Charles Darwin United Kingdom 5[83]
Clive Davies 5[84]
Llewelyn Davies Royal Flying Corps 5[85]
Miles Day Royal Naval Air Service 5[86]
Honoré de Bonald France Aéronautique Militaire 5[87]
Philip De Fontenay United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[88]
Jean De Gaillard De la Valden France Aéronautique Militaire 5[89]
August Delling German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[90]
Andre Delorme France Aéronautique Militaire 5[91]
Bruno De Roeper United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[92]
Charles R. d'Olive United States US Army Air Service 5[56]
Edward Barfoot Drake United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[93]
Jean Dubois de Gennes France Aéronautique Militaire 5[94]
Chester S. Duffus Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[95]
William Dyke United Kingdom 5[96]
Arthur Easterbrook United States Royal Air Force, US Army Air Service 5[97]
Edward Eaton Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[98]
Charles Eddy South Africa 5[96]
Herbert James Edwards Australia 5[99]
Horace Eldon United Kingdom 5[100]
Hugh William Elliott 5[101]
William Elliott Canada 5[102]
Sidney Emerson Ellis Royal Naval Air Service 5[101]
Henry Evans United Kingdom Royal Air Force 5[103]
Wilhelm Fahlbusch German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[104]
Jean-Paul Favre de Thierrens France Aéronautique Militaire 5[105]
Ernest Foot United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[106]
George W. Furlow United States US Army Air Service 5[107]
Victor Fyodorov  Russia Aéronautique Militaire 5[108]
Hudson Fysh Australia Australian Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[109]
Ludwig Gaim German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[110]
Richard Gammon United Kingdom Royal Air Force 5[111]
Pierre Gauderman France Aéronautique Militaire 5[112]
George Gauld Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[113]
Harold Huston George United States US Army Air Service, United States Army Air Corps, United States Army Air Forces 5[114]
Eugène Gilbert France Aéronautique Militaire 5[115]
Dennis Henry Stacey Gilbertson United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[116]
Johannes Gildemeister German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[117]
Wilfred Bertie Giles United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[116]
John Gillanders Canada 5[118]
William John Gillespie 5[116]
Juri Gilsher  Russia Imperial Russian Air Service 5[119]
William Gilson United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[120]
Harry Gompertz


United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[121]
Michael Gonne United Kingdom 5[122]
Herbert Barrett Good United Kingdom 5[122]
Henry Goodison United Kingdom 5[123]
Kenneth Gopsill


United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 5[124]
Richard Gordon-Bennett


United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[125]
Ronald Graham


United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[126]
Edward Grange Canada


Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[127]
Charles Gossage Grey United States Aéronautique Militaire, US Army Air Service 5[128]
Edward Gribben United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[127]
Hugh Griffith Canada 5[125]
William Grossart United Kingdom 5[129]
Francis Guerrier France Aéronautique Militaire 5[130]
Joseph-Henri Guiget 5[131]
Siegfried Gussmann German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[132]
Kurt Haber 5[133]
Edward Haight United States US Army Air Service, United States Army Air Forces 5[56]
Georges Halberger France Aéronautique Militaire 5[134]
John Playford Hales Canada Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[135]
John Herbert Hall United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[136]
Robert Hall South Africa 5[135]
Joseph E. Hallonquist Canada 5[137]
Paul Hamot France Aéronautique Militaire 5[87]
Earl Hand Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[138]
August Hanko German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[139]
Howard Harker United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[140]
Arthur Harris 5[141]
Charles Harrison 5[142]
William Harrop 5[142]
Edward Hartigan Royal Flying Corps 5[143]
Marius Hasdenteufel France Aéronautique Militaire 5[144]
Marcel Hauss 5[145]
Hugh Hay United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[146]
Roger Hay Royal Flying Corps 5[147]
Eustace Headlam Australia Australian Flying Corps 5[148]
James Healy United States US Army Air Service, United States Army Air Forces 5[149]
Fredrich Hefty Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[150]
Friedrich Hengst German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[151]
Robert Herring United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[152]
Kurt Hetze German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[153]
George Frederick Hines United Kingdom Royal Air Force 5[154]
William Hodgkinson Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[155]
Les Holden Australia Australian Flying Corps 5[156][157]
Robert Holme United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[158]
Paul Homo France Aéronautique Militaire 5[159]
Percy Howe South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[160]
Malcolm Clifford Howell United States 5[161]
David Hughes United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 5[162]
Eric Yorath Hughes 5[163]
Thomas Hunter Royal Air Force 5[164]
Cyril Edward Hurst Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[164]
George Hyde 5[165]
Jean Jannekeyn France Aéronautique Militaire 5[166]
Arthur Gordon Jarvis United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[167]
Charles Jeffs 5[167]
Olaus Johnsen 5[168]
Percy Griffith Jones 5[169]
Hermann Juhnke German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[170]
Werner Junck 5[170]
M. B. Kilroy United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[171]
James Knowles United States US Army Air Service 5[172]
Wilhelm Kohlbach German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[173]
Nikolai Kokorin  Russia Imperial Russian Air Service 5[119]
Johann Kopka German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[174]
Julius Kowalczik Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[175]
Frederick J. Kydd United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[176]
Franz Lahner Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[177]
Kenneth Laing United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[178]
Conrad Lally Canada 5[179]
Friedrich Lang Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[177]
David Langlands United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[180]
Sydney Frank Langstone Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[181]
Johann Lasi Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[182]
James Latta United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[183]
Frederic Laurence 5[184]
Didier Lecour Grandmaison France Aéronautique Militaire 5[185]
Giulio Lega Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 5[186]
Ernst Leman  Russia Imperial Russian Air Service 5[187]
James Lennox United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[188]
Pierre Leroy De Boiseaumarie France Aéronautique Militaire 5[189]
Wilhelm Leusch German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[190]
Georges Lienhart France Aéronautique Militaire 5[191]
John Douglas Lightbody United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[192]
Ernest Lindup South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[192]
Robert Hazen Little Canada 5[193]
John Lloyd Williams United Kingdom 5[194]
Heinrich Lorenz German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[195]
Reginald Lowe United Kingdom Royal Air Force 5[196]
Frederick Luff United States US Army Air Service attached to Royal Air Force 5[197]
Charles Lupton United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[198]
Colin Geen Orr MacAndrew Royal Flying Corps 5[199]
Ross Morrison MacDonald Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[200]
Harry MacKay United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 5[181]
Loudoun MacLean Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[201]
Bela Macourek Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[202]
John Finley Noel MacRae Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[203]
Francis Magoun United States 5[204]
Paul Malavialle France Aéronautique Militaire 5[205]
Patrick Scarsfield Manley Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[206]
Leslie Morton Mansbridge United Kingdom 5[207]
William Stanley Mansell Royal Flying Corps 5[207]
Federico Martinengo Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 5[208]
Hans Marwede German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[209]
Stanley Masding United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[210]
Guido Masiero Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 5[211]
Jack Mason United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[210]
William Maxted 5[212]
Ronald McClintock 5[213]
George McCormack Royal Air Force 5[214]
John McNeaney Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[215]
Russell Fern McRae 5[216]
Amedeo Mecozzi Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 5[217]
Harold Medlicott United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[216]
Francis Mellersh Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[218]
Erich Meyer German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[219]
Albert Mezergues France Aéronautique Militaire 5[220]
Giorgio Michetti Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 5[221]
Zenos Miller United States US Army Air Service 5[222]
Kenneth Charles Mills United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[223]
Harold Molyneux Canada 5[224]
Paul Montange France Aéronautique Militaire 5[225]
John Towlson Morgan United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[226]
William John Mostyn


5[226]
Harold Edgar Mott Canada Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[226]
Redford Mulock Canada 5[227]
John Murison United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[228]
Donald Frederick Murmann US Army Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[226]
Ernest Mustard Australia Australian Flying Corps 5[229]
Kurt Nachod Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[230]
Hugh Nangle United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[124]
Roger Neville


5[231]
Thomas Henry Newsome Royal Air Force 5[232]
Augustin Novak Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[233]
Percy Olieff United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[234]
Thomas Alfred Oliver Royal Flying Corps 5[235]
Ralph Ambrose O'Neill United States US Army Air Service 5[236]
Ivan Orlov  Russia Imperial Russian Air Service 5[237]
Osborne Orr United States Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[238]
Hans-Georg von der Osten German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[239]
John Sidney Owens United States US Army Air Service 5[240]
Antoine Paillard France Aéronautique Militaire 5[241]
Karl Patzelt Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[242]
Carrick Paul  New Zealand Australian Flying Corps 5[243]
Georges Pelletier d'Oisy France Aéronautique Militaire 5[244]
Edward Pennell United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[245]
Andre Petit-Delchet France Aéronautique Militaire 5[246]
Edmund Heaton Peverell United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[245]
Charles Pickthorn 5[247]
Gerald Pilditch South Africa 5[248]
Alexander Pishvanov Russian Empire Imperial Russian Air Service 5[249]
Sidney Platel United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[250]
Constant Plessis France Aéronautique Militaire 5[251]
George Ramsden Poole United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[252]
Kenneth Lee Porter United States US Army Air Service 5[253]
François Portron France Aéronautique Militaire 5[254]
Harold Johnstone Pratt United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[255]
Walbanke Ashby Pritt 5[256]
Thomas Proctor 5[257]
John Pugh Canada 5[258]
Hartley Pullan United Kingdom 5[259]
Eduard Pulpe Russian Empire Aéronautique Militaire, Imperial Army Air Service 5[260]
W. C Purvis United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[257]
Orville Ralston United States Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, US Army Air Service, United States Army Air Corps, United States Army Air Forces 5[261]
Arthur Rullion Rattray United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[262]
Georges Raymond France Aéronautique Militaire 5[263]
John William Rayner United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[264]
Victor Regnier France Aéronautique Militaire 5[265]
Guy Reid United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 5[266]
Leopold Reimann German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[267]
Alessandro Resch Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 5[268]
Charles Revol-Tissot France Aéronautique Militaire 5[269]
Alan Incell Riley alias A. G. Riley United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[270]
Louis Rissacher France Aéronautique Militaire 5[271]
Maurice Robert 5[241]
Norman Roberts United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[272]
John Robertson Royal Flying Corps 5[273]
Paul Rodde France Aéronautique Militaire 5[241]
Alois Rodlauer Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[274]
Jacques Roques France Aéronautique Militaire 5[275]
Hans Rosencrantz German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[276]
Paul Rothe 5[277]
Maurice Rousselle France Aéronautique Militaire 5[278]
Richard Rübe German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[277]
Theodor Rumpel 5[277]
Giovanni Sabelli Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 5[279]
Mikhail Safonov Russian Empire Imperial Russian Air Service 5[280]
William Sanday United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[281]
Robert Saundby 5[266]
Jacques Victor Sabattier de Vignolle France Aéronautique Militaire 5[282]
Basile Saune France Aéronautique Militaire 5[283]
Edward Sayers United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[284]
Johann Schlimpen German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[285]
Roman Schneider 5[286]
Herbert Schroeder 5[287]
Friedrich Schumacher 5[288]
Konrad Schwartz 5[289]
Alan John Lance Scott New Zealand Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[290]
Joseph Powell Seabrook United Kingdom 5[291]
John Seerly United States US Army Air Service, United States Army Air Corps, United States Army Air Forces 5[292]
Kurt Seit German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[293]
Christopher Shannon United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[294]
Frank Sharpe 5[295]
Harold Goodman Shoemaker United States US Army Air Service attached to Royal Air Force, US Army Air Service 5[296]
Eugen Siempelkamp German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[297]
Francis Simonds United States US Army Air Service 5[298]
Eric Landon Simonson Australia Australian Flying Corps 5[299]
Lambert Sloot United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[300]
Wallace Alexander Smart 5[301]
George Henry Benjamin Smith 5[302]
Harry Coleman Smith Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[303]
James Robert Smith Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[304]
Sydney Philip Smith United Kingdom 5[305]
William Thomas Smith Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, Royal Australian Air Force 5[306]
Neil Smuts South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[307]
Wilfred Sneath United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[307]
Wilhelm Sommer German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[297]
Ian Oliver Stead South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[308]
Helmut Steinbrecher German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[309]
Thomas Frederick Stephenson United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 5[310]
Frank Douglas Stevens Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[311]
Oliver Stewart 5[312]
Wilhelm Stör German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[309]
Claud Stokes United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[313]
Victor Strahm United States US Army Air Service, 5[314]
Karl Strünklenberg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[315]
Rudolf Szepessy-Sokol Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[316]
Edgar Taylor United States Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[317]
Karl Teichmann Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[318]
William Thaw United States Aéronautique Militaire, US Army Air Service 5[319]
Wilhelm Thöne German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[320]
Meredith Thomas United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[321]
Anthony Joseph Hill Thornton 5[322]
Alwin Thurm German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[320]
William Tipton United States US Army Air Service attached to Royal Air Force, US Army Air Service, United States Army Air Corps 5[323]
George Donald Tod Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[324]
Robert Miles Todd US Army Air Service 5[325]
Oswald Traenkner German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[326]
Herbert Travers United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[327]
Gerold Tschentschel German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[328]
John Seymour Turnbull Australia Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[329]
Arthur Henry Turner United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 5[330]
Alfred Ulmer German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[331]
Karl Urban Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[332]
Gilbert J. Uteau France Aéronautique Militaire 5[333]
Viktor Utgof Russian Empire Black Sea Fleet, Imperial Russian Navy 5[334]
John Vessey United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 5[335]
Hans Viebig German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[336]
Pierre Violet-Marty France Aéronautique Militaire 5[337]
Werner Wagener German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[338]
Kenneth MacKenzie Walker United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[339]
William Walker 5[340]
John Wallwork 5[341]
Edward Henry Ward 5[342]
Hasso von Wedel German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[343]
George Arthur Welsh Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[344]
Pierre Wertheim (Wertheimer) France Aéronautique Militaire 5[241]
Mortimer Sackville West United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 5[344]
Lewis Whitehead Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[345]
Charles Whitham 5[346]
Robert Kenneth Whitney Canada 5[347]
Ernst Wiessner German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[348]
Edward George Herbert Caradoc Williams United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 5[349]
Francis Jefferies Williams Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[349]
Cecil Frederick Charles Wilson 5[350]
Rupert Randolph Winter Royal Naval Air Service 5[351]
Kurt Wisseman German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[352]
Franz Wognar Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 5[353]
John Womersley United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 5[351]
Charles Woollven Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[354]
Charles Edward Worthington 5[354]
Victor Maslin Yeates 5[355]
Graham Conacher Young 5[355]
Martin Zander German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 5[356]
Edmund Leonard Zink United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 5[357]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Maksel, Rebecca (7 April 2008). "What does it take to become an "ace"?". Need to Know. Air & Space Magazine. Retrieved 20 October 2009.[dead link]
  2. ^ Franks, Bailey & Guest 1993, p. 10
  3. ^ Dunnigan 2003, p. 149
  4. ^ Shores, Franks & Guest 1990, p. 7
  5. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 112.
  6. ^ Shores, Franks & Guest 1990, p. 49.
  7. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 129.
  8. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) pp. 129–130.
  9. ^ Shores, Franks & Guest 1990, p. 51.
  10. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 3.
  11. ^ Shores, Franks & Guest 1990, p. 52.
  12. ^ Shores, Franks & Guest 1990, p. 53.
  13. ^ Franks & Bailey 1992, p. 113.
  14. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 114.
  15. ^ a b Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 58.
  16. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) pp. 58–59.
  17. ^ Franks, Bailey & Guest 1993, p. 63.
  18. ^ Shores, Franks & Guest 1990, p. 56.
  19. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 20.
  20. ^ Shores, Franks & Guest 1990, p. 57.
  21. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 115.
  22. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). pp. 116–117.
  23. ^ Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993), p. 66.
  24. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). pp. 118–119.
  25. ^ Shores, Franks & Guest 1990, p. 66.
  26. ^ Marius-Adrian Nicoară (2017). "Despre Așii Aviației Române în Războiul de Întregire naţională" (PDF). Buletinul Arhivelor Militare Române (in Romanian). No. 78/2017. pp. 12–13.
  27. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 134.
  28. ^ Shores, Franks & Guest 1990, p. 71.
  29. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 4.
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  151. ^ Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993), pp. 127–128.
  152. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 24.
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  154. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 25.
  155. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) pp. 25–26.
  156. ^ Australian Dictionary of Biography online
  157. ^ Kulikov 2013, pp. 38–39.
  158. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1996) p. 7.
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  194. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 32.
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  199. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) pp. 246–247.
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  202. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 192.
  203. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 252.
  204. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). pp. 59–60.
  205. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 189.
  206. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 254.
  207. ^ a b Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 257.
  208. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 144.
  209. ^ Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993), p. 162.
  210. ^ a b Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 33.
  211. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) pp. 144–145.
  212. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 262.
  213. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 266.
  214. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 34.
  215. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 277.
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  217. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 145.
  218. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 280.
  219. ^ Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993), p. 166.
  220. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 194.
  221. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 146.
  222. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 61.
  223. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 282.
  224. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 284.
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  226. ^ a b c d Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 286.
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  228. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) pp. 37–38.
  229. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 38.
  230. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 193.
  231. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 290.
  232. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 291.
  233. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 195.
  234. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 72.
  235. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 293.
  236. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). pp. 61–62.
  237. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 211.
  238. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 295.
  239. ^ Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993), pp. 176–177.
  240. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 62.
  241. ^ a b c d Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 201.
  242. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) pp. 195–196.
  243. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 298.
  244. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). pp. 202–203.
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  248. ^ Shores, Franks, Guest (1996). p. 4.
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  255. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) pp. 306–307.
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  257. ^ a b Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 43.
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  262. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) pp. 91–92.
  263. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 210.
  264. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 314.
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  271. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). pp. 212–213.
  272. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 322.
  273. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 44.
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  284. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) pp. 45–46.
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  290. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 333.
  291. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 334.
  292. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 70.
  293. ^ Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993), pp. 209–210.
  294. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 47.
  295. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 335.
  296. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 337.
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  298. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). pp. 71–72.
  299. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 338.
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  301. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 341.
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  303. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 342.
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  307. ^ a b Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 344.
  308. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 350.
  309. ^ a b Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993), p. 212.
  310. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 351.
  311. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 352.
  312. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 353.
  313. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 75.
  314. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 74.
  315. ^ Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993), p. 213.
  316. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 201.
  317. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 358.
  318. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) p. 202.
  319. ^ Franks & Bailey (1992). p. 75.
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  321. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 360–361.
  322. ^ Franks, Guest & Alegi (1997) pp. 49–50.
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  326. ^ Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993), p. 217.
  327. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 367.
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  329. ^ Shores; Franks and Guest (1990) p. 369.
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