Zelenograd

For other uses, see Zelenograd (disambiguation).

Not to be confused with Zelenogradsk.

Zelenograd Зеленоград
Administrative Okrug of Moscow
Views of Zelenograd
Flag Coat of arms
Zelenograd in Moscow
Location of Zelenograd
Zelenograd Location of Zelenograd Zelenograd Zelenograd (Moscow)
Coordinates: 55°59′52″N 37°11′25″E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Moscow
Founded	March 3, 1958
City status since	January 15, 1963
Government
• Prefect	Anatoly Smirnov
Area
• Total	37.22 km2 (14.37 sq mi)
Population  (2010 Census)
• Total	221,712
• Density	6,000/km2 (15,000/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	Moscow
Postal code(s)	124xxx
Dialing code(s)	+7 (495), (499)
Website	zelao.mos.ru

Zelenograd (Russian: Зеленоград, IPA: [zʲɪlʲɪnɐˈgrat], lit. green city) is a city which, along with the territories and settlements under its jurisdiction, forms one of the administrative okrugs of Moscow - Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug (ZelAO). It is located 37 kilometers (23 mi) from the center of Moscow proper along Leningradskoye Shosse highway. The city color is green and its emblematic animal is the squirrel (more precisely Sciurus vulgaris).

Before 1989, Zelenograd was a de facto closed city in some aspects: it was prohibited to take photos in the central parts of the city, near the plants, teaching and research facilities, and foreigners were not admitted into the city.

Zelenograd was one of the most powerful centers of electronics, microelectronics and computer industry in the Soviet Union, and it still plays a similar role in modern Russia. It was developed as a reflection of the California Silicon Valley and is known also as Soviet/Russian Silicon Valley.

History

Zelenograd was founded in 1958 and planned as a center of the textile industry initially. In 1962, Alexander Shokin (Chairman of State Committee of Electronic Technology, then first Minister of Electronic Technology) proposed to change the line of future city business to electronics. Some researchers of Soviet electronics history mentioned that a similar idea was proposed to the Soviet government by two fugitive Silicon Valley engineers - Alfred Sarant (more known in Russia as Philip Staros) and Joel Barr (Joseph Berg).

As Zelenograd was built de novo on a previously empty, forested place, its architecture and civic layout yields to one general architectural plan (chief architects Igor Rozhin (1956–1963), then Igor Pokrovsky (1963–2002)).

In 1988, Zelenograd incorporated the former village of Kryukovo, one of the important sites during the Battle of Moscow (October 1941 – January 1942). Several monuments to the Defenders of Moscow and the heroes of the Great Patriotic War are located in Zelenograd and the surrounding area, the most famous of which is the Shtyki Memorial, from which the remains of the Unknown Soldier were taken for reinterment at the Kremlin Wall in the Alexander Garden in Moscow.

Geography

The Skhodnya River originates near the village of Alabushevo (one of settlements, which are under Zelenograd jurisdiction) and forms three ponds within the precincts of city: Water-tower Pond (School Lake), Small and Large City Pond.

Administrative divisions

Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug is divided into five districts:

• Matushkino (Матушкино), previously District #1
• Savyolki (Савёлки), previously District #2
• Staroye Kryukovo (Старое Крюково), previously District #3
• Silino (Силино), previously District #4
• Kryukovo (Крюково)

Economy

Industries

Zelenograd is home to the National Research University of Electronic Technology (MIET).

Zelenograd was headquarters of Sitronics Concerne since its founding in 1997 until 2005 (when its headquarters moved to Moscow). Now the city is the headquarters of its microelectroniс solutions department. The leading company of the department is NIIME and Mikron - one of the largest Russian integrated circuit manufacturers. The city is also the headquarters of Angstrem, which is also one of the largest Russian IC manufacturers.

Zelenograd is one of technical-innovative type Special economic zones. SEZ "Zelenograd" consists of 2 areas: Area "Alabushevo" (141.87 ha), a main area for new plants and research centers; and Area "MIET" (4.47 ha), a technology park (mostly MIET spin-off enterprises).

Sports

A local soccer team Zelenograd (nicknamed Zelyono-Belye, or Green-Whites) was founded in 2002 and in 2007-2010 had been playing in the Russian Second Division. A local rugby team Zelenograd was founded in 2006 and played in Russian Rugby Championship 2008 (but it could not get to Championship 2009).

Gallery

• 
  The Shtyki Memorial complex
• 
  Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology (MIET)
• 
  Cascade of fountains in the Park of Victory (Savyolki District)
• 
  16th microdistrict of Zelenograd (Kryukovo District)
• 
  St. Nicholas Church
• 
  City Pond

Sister cities

• Tulsa (Oklahoma, United States)
• Unterschleißheim (Bavaria, Germany)

Patronized ships

• Landing ship Caesar Kunikov, Black Sea Fleet (since 1998)
• Nuclear submarine Zelenograd, Pacific Ocean Fleet (1998–2010, retired)
• Supply ship Berezina, Black Sea Fleet (1995–1997, retired)

External links

• Official website of Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug Template:Ru icon