Number needed to vaccinate: Difference between revisions
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'''Number needed to vaccinate''' (NNV) is a metric used in the evaluation of [[vaccine]]s,<ref name="pmid15149776">{{cite journal |author=Kelly H, Attia J, Andrews R, Heller RF |title=The number needed to vaccinate (NNV) and population extensions of the NNV: comparison of influenza and pneumococcal vaccine programmes for people aged 65 years and over |journal=Vaccine |volume=22 |issue=17-18 |pages=2192–8 |year=2004 |month=June |pmid=15149776 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.11.052 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0264410X03008570}}</ref><ref name="pmid19009921">{{cite journal |author=Brisson M |title=Estimating the number needed to vaccinate to prevent herpes zoster-related disease, health care resource use and mortality |journal=Can J Public Health |volume=99 |issue=5 |pages=383–6 |year=2008 |pmid=19009921 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17766517">{{cite journal |author=Lewis EN, Griffin MR, Szilagyi PG, Zhu Y, Edwards KM, Poehling KA |title=Childhood influenza: number needed to vaccinate to prevent 1 hospitalization or outpatient visit |journal=Pediatrics |volume=120 |issue=3 |pages=467–72 |year=2007 |month=September |pmid=17766517 |doi=10.1542/peds.2007-0167 |url=http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17766517}}</ref> and in the determination of vaccination policy. It is a specific application of the [[number needed to treat]] metric (NNT) that incorporates the implications of [[herd immunity]]. |
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#REDIRECT [[Number needed to treat]] |
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In order to determine a NNV, it is necessary to identify a specific population and a defined endpoint, because these can vary: |
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* [[Tuberculosis]] vaccination rates are much higher in Europe than in the United States. |
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* When evaluating a vaccine against [[chickenpox]], it is necessary to define whether or not the endpoint would include shingles due to reactivation. |
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* If evaluating a [[HIV vaccine]], the NNV may vary depending upon the expected standard of care in the absence of a vaccine, which may vary from continent to continent. |
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* If an infectious disease is acute and highly lethal, there may be large differences in the impact of the vaccine upon [[incidence]] and [[prevalence]]. |
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Still, despite the limitations, the NNV can serve as a useful resource. For example, it can be used to report the results of computer simulations of varying vaccination strategies.<ref name="pmid15297068">{{cite journal |author=Van Rie A, Hethcote HW |title=Adolescent and adult pertussis vaccination: computer simulations of five new strategies |journal=Vaccine |volume=22 |issue=23-24 |pages=3154–65 |year=2004 |month=August |pmid=15297068 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.01.067 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0264410X04001793}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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{{Vaccines}} |
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[[Category:Vaccines]] |
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Revision as of 02:45, 31 January 2009
Number needed to vaccinate (NNV) is a metric used in the evaluation of vaccines,[1][2][3] and in the determination of vaccination policy. It is a specific application of the number needed to treat metric (NNT) that incorporates the implications of herd immunity.
In order to determine a NNV, it is necessary to identify a specific population and a defined endpoint, because these can vary:
- Tuberculosis vaccination rates are much higher in Europe than in the United States.
- When evaluating a vaccine against chickenpox, it is necessary to define whether or not the endpoint would include shingles due to reactivation.
- If evaluating a HIV vaccine, the NNV may vary depending upon the expected standard of care in the absence of a vaccine, which may vary from continent to continent.
- If an infectious disease is acute and highly lethal, there may be large differences in the impact of the vaccine upon incidence and prevalence.
Still, despite the limitations, the NNV can serve as a useful resource. For example, it can be used to report the results of computer simulations of varying vaccination strategies.[4]
References
- ^ Kelly H, Attia J, Andrews R, Heller RF (2004). "The number needed to vaccinate (NNV) and population extensions of the NNV: comparison of influenza and pneumococcal vaccine programmes for people aged 65 years and over". Vaccine. 22 (17–18): 2192–8. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.11.052. PMID 15149776.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Brisson M (2008). "Estimating the number needed to vaccinate to prevent herpes zoster-related disease, health care resource use and mortality". Can J Public Health. 99 (5): 383–6. PMID 19009921.
- ^ Lewis EN, Griffin MR, Szilagyi PG, Zhu Y, Edwards KM, Poehling KA (2007). "Childhood influenza: number needed to vaccinate to prevent 1 hospitalization or outpatient visit". Pediatrics. 120 (3): 467–72. doi:10.1542/peds.2007-0167. PMID 17766517.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Van Rie A, Hethcote HW (2004). "Adolescent and adult pertussis vaccination: computer simulations of five new strategies". Vaccine. 22 (23–24): 3154–65. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.01.067. PMID 15297068.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)