1260
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This article is about the year 1260. For the number (and other uses), see 1260 (number). For the computer virus, see 1260 (computer virus).
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 12th century – 13th century – 14th century |
| Decades: | 1230s 1240s 1250s – 1260s – 1270s 1280s 1290s |
| Years: | 1257 1258 1259 – 1260 – 1261 1262 1263 |
| 1260 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Art and literature | |
| 1260 in poetry | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1260 MCCLX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2013 |
| Armenian calendar | 709 ԹՎ ՉԹ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6010 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -584–-583 |
| Bengali calendar | 667 |
| Berber calendar | 2210 |
| English Regnal year | 44 Hen. 3 – 45 Hen. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1804 |
| Burmese calendar | 622 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6768–6769 |
| Chinese calendar | 己未年閏十一月十七日 (3896/3956-intercalary 11-17) — to —
庚申年十一月廿八日(3897/3957-11-28) |
| Coptic calendar | 976–977 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1252–1253 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5020–5021 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1316–1317 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1182–1183 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4361–4362 |
| Holocene calendar | 11260 |
| Iranian calendar | 638–639 |
| Islamic calendar | 658–659 |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 3593 |
| Minguo calendar | 652 before ROC 民前652年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1803 |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1260 |
Year 1260 (MCCLX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
[edit] Events
[edit] By place
[edit] Africa
- October 24 – Saif ad-Din Qutuz, Mamluk sultan of Egypt, is assassinated by Baibars, who seizes power for himself.
- The civil servant and bard longing for lost al-Andalus Ibn al-Abbar is burnt to the stakes by the Marinid ruler.
[edit] Asia
- May 5 – Kublai Khan becomes a claimant to the Mongol Empire after the death of Mongke Khan.
- May 21 – Kublai sends his envoy Hao Jing to negotiate with Song Dynasty Chancellor Jia Sidao, after the small force left by Kublai south of the Yangzi River is destroyed by a Chinese army of the Southern Song Dynasty. Chancellor Jia Sidao imprisons the entire embassy of Kublai. This slight will not be forgotten by Kublai, but he is unable to assault the Song due to the civil war with his rival brother Ariq Böke.
- September 3 – The Mamluks defeat the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut in Galilee, marking their first decisive defeat and the point of maximum expansion of the Mongol Empire.
- The Sena Dynasty of Bengal falls.
- The Chinese era Jingding begins and ends in the Southern Song Dynasty of China.
- The Japanese Shōgen era ends, and the Bun'ō era begins.
- The Hindu Silharya Dynasty, which ruled an area around Mumbai, ends.
[edit] Europe
- September 4 – The Sienese Ghibellines, supported by the forces of King Manfred of Sicily, defeats the Florentine Guelphs at Montaperti.
- Battle of Kressenbrunn: King Otakar II of Bohemia captures Styria from King Bela IV of Hungary.
- Battle of Durbe: The Baltic Samogitians and Curonians defeat the Teutonic Knights.
- The Duchy of Saxony is divided into Saxony-Lauenberg and Saxony-Wittenberg, marking the end of the first Saxon state.
- War breaks out in the Valais (today in Switzerland) as the Bishopry of Sion defends against an invasion by the County of Savoy.
- Croatia is divided into two sub-regions ruled by ban; Croatian region on the south and Slavonian region on the north, by the king Bela IV of Hungary.
[edit] By topic
[edit] Arts and culture
- October 24 – The Cathedral of Chartres is dedicated in the presence of King Louis IX of France (the cathedral is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site).
- Jacobus de Voragine compiles his work, the Golden Legend, a late medieval best-seller.
- The mosaic Christ between the Virgin and St Minias is made on the facade of Florence's Basilica di San Miniato al Monte.
- German musical theorist Franco of Cologne publishes Ars Cantus Mensurabilis, in which he advances a new theory of musical notation in which the length of a musical note is denoted by the shape of that note, a system still used today.
- Construction on the Dunkeld Cathedral begins in Perthshire, Scotland.
- Beginning of the construction begins on the cathedrals at Meißen and Schwerin.
- Nicola Pisano sculpts the pulpit of the Pisa Baptistery.
[edit] Religion
- The newly formed Sukhothai kingdom of Thailand adopts Theravada Buddhism.
- The advent of the Age of the Holy Spirit predicted by Joachim of Fiore, according to his interpretation of the Book of Revelation, chapter 6.
[edit] Births
- Henry de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham (d. 1339)
- Máté Csák, Hungarian oligarch
- Meister Eckhart, German theologian, philosopher and mystic (d. 1328)
- Agnes of France, only daughter of Louis VII of France by his third wife Adèle of Champagne (d. 1240)
- Enguerrand de Marigny, minister to King Philip IV of France
- Guillaume de Nogaret, keeper of the seal to King Philip IV of France (year very uncertain) (d. 1313)
- Maximus Planudes, Byzantine grammarian and theologian (approximate date; d. 1330)
- Farsi, Persian mathematician and physicist (d. 1320)
[edit] Deaths
- April 6 – Hugh XI of Lusignan, Count of Angoulême (b. 1221)
- April 28 – Blessed Luchesio Modestini
- May – Marie of Brabant, Holy Roman Empress, wife of Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor (alternative date is June)
- August 9 – Walter of Kirkham, Bishop of Durham
- October 24 – Saif ad-Din Qutuz, Mamluk sultan of Egypt
- December 5 – Aymer de Valence, Bishop of Winchester (b. 1222)
- Ibn al-Abbar, diplomat and scholar (b. 1199)
- Kitbuqa, Mongol military leader (executed)
- Matilda II, Countess of Boulogne
- Sicko Sjaerdema, ruler of Friesland
- probable – Franciscus Accursius, Italian jurist
