List of haplogroups of historical and famous figures

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This is a list of haplogroups of historical and famous figures. Haplogroups can be determined from the remains of historical figures, or derived from genealogical DNA tests of people who trace their direct maternal or paternal ancestry to a noted historical figure. Some contemporary notable figures have made their test results public in the course of news programs about this topic.

Contents

[edit] mtDNA

MtDNA results come from historical persons whose mitochondrial DNA has been tested; it identifies direct maternal ancestry, which is just one line out of many.

[edit] Ancient samples

These are results from ancient samples of the person or reputed remains of the person. Because mtDNA breaks down more slowly than nuclear DNA, it is often possible to obtain mtDNA results where other testing fails.

[edit] Luke the Evangelist

The remains attributed to Luke the Evangelist, which have been held in Padua, Italy, have been tested for mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA):

Name Location Approximate lifetime mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
body attributed to Luke the Evangelist Italy 1,850 years ago 16235G, 16291T H2

[edit] King Sweyn II of Denmark

Sweyn II Estridsson Ulfsson, known in Denmark as Svend Estridsen, is often considered to be Denmark's last Viking king as well as the first medieval one. He died in 1074 and is entombed in Roskilde Cathedral with other Danish kings and queens.[1]

Name mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
DNA attributed to Sweyn II of Denmark 16093C, 16304C H5

[edit] Marie Antoinette

DNA taken from a lock of Marie Antoinette's hair, cut from her as a child, matched DNA believed to be from her son, King Louis XVII. A detailed discussion on the DNA analysis of Marie Antoinette, the putative heart of Louis XVII, and Carl Wilhelm Naundorff is available.[2]

Name mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
DNA attributed to Marie Antoinette 16519C, 152C, 194T, 263G, 315.1C H

[edit] Empress Alexandra Fyodorovna of Russia

Main articles: Alexandra Fyodorovna of Hesse and Nicholas II of Russia

The remains of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and Empress Alexandra Fyodorovna were DNA tested along with the other bodies in their mass grave. The tests concluded that five of the skeletons were members of one family, and four were unrelated. Three of the five were determined to be the children of two parents. The mother was linked to the British royal family, as was Alexandra known to be by historical documentation. The father was determined to have been related to several other Romanovs. Scientists said they were more than 99% sure that the remains were those of the Tsar, his wife and children, and their attendants. Remains of Alexei, the 13-year-old heir to the throne, and one of his sisters, either Maria or Anastasia, have not been found. For decades there were rumors internationally that Anastasia had survived the murders, but no survivors have been proven.

Name mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
Empress Alexandra of Russia 16111T, 16357C, 263G, 315.1C H
Philip, Duke of Edinburgh 16111T, 16357C, 263G, 315.1C H

*Tsar Nicholas has a heteroplasmy, an instance of multiple mitochondrial types together in one cell, a normal & mutational cell, at 16169Y. The results were the same for his brother, Grand Duke Georgij Romanovr.

[edit] Prince Philip of the UK, Duke of Edinburgh

Name mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
Prince Philip 16111T, 16357C, 263G, 315.1C H

[edit] James McGovern

The remains of fighter pilot James "Earthquake McGoon" McGovern Jr. were discovered in Vietnam in 2002 and identified in 2006. McGovern belonged to mtDNA haplogroup H1.[3]

Name mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
James "Earthquake McGoon" McGovern 16519C H1

[edit] Petrarch

The remains of Francesco Petrarca were tested for DNA in 2003.

Name mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
body attributed to Petrarch 16126C, 16193T, 16311C J2

[edit] Ötzi the Iceman

Analysis of the mtDNA of Ötzi the Iceman, the frozen mummy from 3300 BC found on the Austrian-Italian border, has shown that Ötzi belongs to the K1 subclade. His mtDNA cannot be categorized into any of the three modern branches of that subclade (K1a, K1b or K1c). The new subclade has preliminarily been named K1ö for Ötzi.[4]

[edit] Jesse James

In 1995 the body of Jesse James was exhumed and his DNA compared to that of two known living relatives; he was matched with each.

Name mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
body attributed to Jesse James 16126C, 16274A, 16294T, 16296T, 16304C T2

[edit] The Cheddar Man

The skeleton excavated from the Cheddar Gorge is in haplogroup U5a. The Cheddar Man is the nickname for the ancient human remains found in Cheddar Gorge; his approximate date of death was 7150 BCE.

Name mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
Cheddar Man 16192T, 16270T U5a

mitosearch member code: 7MRU2

[edit] Oseberg ship remains

The remains of the younger of the two women buried with the Oseberg ship was tested and discovered to have mtDNA of U7.[5]

Name mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
Young Girl N/A U7

[edit] Famous figures from popular culture

The following are contemporary individuals who have had mtDNA results publicized:

[edit] Christian Cardell Corbet

The Canadian portrait artist Christian Cardell Corbet belongs to mtDNA haplogroup H.[6][7]

Name mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
Christian Cardell Corbet 16519C H

[edit] Katie Couric

During an interview with Dr. Spencer Wells of The National Geographic Genographic Project, the host Katie Couric was revealed to belong to haplogroup K.[8]

[edit] Stephen Colbert

Stephen Colbert was told by Dr Spencer Wells that he is a member of haplogroup K.[9].

[edit] David Patterson

David Paterson, the former governor of New York, belongs to mtDNA haplogroup L.[10]

[edit] Vanna Bonta

American novelist Vanna Bonta belongs to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Haplogroup H1. The paternal genome of her father's line is Haplogroup R1b (Y-DNA)[11][12].

[edit] Desmond Tutu

Desmond Tutu, South African activist and Christian cleric, according to a study on Southern African genetics belongs to mtDNA haplogroup L0d, a subgroup of Haplogroup L0 (mtDNA).[13]

[edit] Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela, former President of South Africa, belongs to mtDNA haplogroup L0d (previously known as L1d), a subgroup of Haplogroup L0 (mtDNA).[14][15][16][17]

[edit] Deduction by descendant testing

Because mtDNA is carried through the direct female line, some researchers have identified the haplotype of historic persons by testing descendants in their direct female line. In the case of males, their mother's direct female lineage descendants are tested.

[edit] Benjamin Franklin

Doras Folger, one of Benjamin Franklin's mother's six sisters, passed on her mtDNA to her 9th-great granddaughter, Charlene Chambers King, therefore showing Franklin to belong to haplogroup V.[18] Bono from the Rock band U2 is among the many who are classified as having the same haplotype. [19]

Name mitochondrial DNA sequence Haplogroup
Benjamin Franklin T16298C, 315.1C, 309.1C, A263G, and T72C. V
Bono ? V

[edit] Princess Alice of the UK

mtDNA Haplogroup H (16111T, 16357C, 263G, 315.1C) Since both Empress Alexandra and her grand-nephew Prince Philip have the same mtDNA: HVR1+HVR2. Their common maternal ancestor Princess Alice would have been of the same haplotype.

[edit] Y-DNA

The results for Y-DNA genealogical DNA tests are either from the men themselves, or from men who have inferred paternal descent from historical figures. Scientists make the inference as a hypothesis which could be disproved or improved by future research.

[edit] Napoleon

Napoleon Bonaparte belonged to haplogroup E1b1b1c1* (E-M34*). This haplogroup has its highest concentration in Ethiopia and in the Near East (Jordan). According to the authors of the study, "Probably Napoléon also knew his remote oriental patrilineal origins, because Francesco Buonaparte (the Giovanni son), who was a mercenary under the orders of the Genoa Republic in Ajaccio in 1490, was nicknamed “The Maur of Sarzane” ".[20]

[edit] Emperor Nicholas II

Nicholas II of Russia has been predicted as having an R1b haplotype.[21][22]

DYS 393 390 19 391 385a 385b 439 389i 392 389ii 458 456 635 Y-GATA-H4 437 438 448
Alleles 13 24 14 10 11 14 11 13 13 29 17 16 24 12 15 12 19

[edit] Ötzi the Iceman

Ötzi the Iceman, is leaked to be Y-DNA haplogroup G2a2b[23]. The actual term used was G2a4, but the presumed L91 mutation has since been given a new category, G2a2b.

[edit] King Louis XVI

King Louis XVI of France from a genetic test on blood in a cloth purported to have been collected at his beheading and maintained in an ornate gourd decorated with French Revolution themes. Confirmation of this genetic profile requires testing of a known relative. The sample was tested at two laboratories with the same results..[24] The sample is most consistent with G2a3b1a samples and contains unusually high, rare values for markers DYS385B and DYS458 in this haplogroup G subgroup.

DYS 393 390 19 391 385A 385B 439 389I 392 389II 458 456 437 438 YGATAH4 DYS635
Alleles 14 22 15 10 13 18 12 12 11 30 21 15 15 10 12 21

[edit] Birger Magnusson

Birger jarl, the founder of Stockholm the modern capital of Sweden, according to Andreas Carlsson at The National Board of Forensic Medicine of Sweden, belonged to haplogroup I1. Birger Magnusson was the ancestor of a line of kings of both Sweden and Norway, starting with his son Valdemar Birgersson.[25]

[edit] Deduction by descendant testing

[edit] Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan

Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan belonged to Y-DNA haplogroup R1b1.[26][27]

[edit] Edmund Rice

Edmund Rice, an early immigrant to Massachusetts Bay Colony and a founder of Sudbury and Marlborough, belonged to haplogroup I1.[28]

[edit] Leo Tolstoy

Leo Tolstoy, the Russian writer, belonged to Haplogroup I1

[edit] John Adams and John Quincy Adams

United States presidents John Adams and his son John Quincy Adams belonged to Y-DNA haplogroup R1b.[29]

[edit] Niall of the Nine Hostages

Main article: Niall of the Nine Hostages

A recent study conducted at Trinity College, Dublin,[30] found that a striking percentage of men in Ireland (and quite a few in Scotland) share the same Y chromosome. Results suggested that the 5th-century warlord known as "Niall of the Nine Hostages" (or a male ancestor) may be the ancestor of one in 12 Irishmen. Niall established a dynasty of powerful chieftains who dominated the island for six centuries. Niall belongs to Haplogroup R1b1c7 (M222). It should be noted that Dr. Moore's results examined some different parts of DNA (loci) from the result given here.

DYS 393 390 19 391 385a 385b 426 388 439 389i 392 389ii 458 459a 459b 455 454 447 437 448 449 464a 464b 464c 464d
Alleles 13 25 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 14 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 18 30 15 16 16 17

Ysearch: M5UKQ

[edit] Alexander Hamilton

Alexander Hamilton belonged to Y-DNA haplogroup I1.[10][31]

DYS 393 390 19 391 385A 385B 426 388 439 389I 392 389II 458 459A 459B 455 454 447 437 448 449 464A 464B 464C 464D
Alleles 13 22 14;15 10 13 14 11 14 12 13 11 29 15 8 9 8 11 22 16 20 31 12 14 15 15
DYS 460 GATA-H4 YCAIIA YCAIIB 456 607 576 570 CDYA CDYB 442 438
Alleles 10 10 19 21 14 16 16 19 35 38 12 10

[edit] Zachary Taylor, William McKinley and Woodrow Wilson

All these United States presidents belonged to Y-DNA haplogroup R1b1c.[10]

[edit] Thomas Jefferson

Main article: Jefferson DNA data

Direct male-line descendants of a cousin of United States president Thomas Jefferson were DNA tested to investigate historical assertions that Jefferson fathered children with his slave Sally Hemings.[32] An extended 17-marker haplotype was published in 2007,[33] and the company Family Tree DNA has also published results for other markers in its standard first 12-marker panel.[34] Combining these sources gives the consolidated 21-marker haplotype below. The Jeffersons belong to Haplogroup T (former K2).

DYS 393 390 19 391 385a 385b 426 388 439 389i 392 389ii 437 460 438 461 462 436 434 435 DXYS
156Y
Alleles 13 24 15 10 13 16 11 12 12 12 15 27 14 10 9 11 13 12 11 11 12

(Note: the value of DXYS 156Y was reported as 7 in the original paper. This is believed to translate to 12 in the convention now used by DNA testing labs and online databases).

[edit] Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin, from a genetic test on his grandson (his son Vasily's son, Alexander Burdonsky) and his grand-nephew, is shown to be Y-DNA-wise of G2a1.[35]

DYS 393 390 19 391 385A 385B 426 388 439 389I 392 389II 458 459A 459B 455 454 447 437 448 449 464A 464B 464C 464D
Alleles 14 23 15 9 15 16 11 12 11 11 10 28 17 9 9 11 11 25 16 21 28 13 13 14 14

[edit] Genghis Khan

Main article: Descent from Genghis Khan

DNA purported to be from Genghis Khan does not have the benefit of near and easily documented lineages. A distinct 'modal' result centers today on Mongolia.

According to Zerjal et al. (2003),[36] Genghis Khan is believed to have belonged to Haplogroup C-RPS4Y711(xC3c-M48).

DYS 393 390 391 425 426 434 435 436 437i 438 439 388 389i 389ii 392
Alleles 13 25 10 12 11 11 11 12 8 10 10 14 10 26 11

According to Family Tree DNA,[37] Genghis Khan is believed to have belonged to Haplogroup C3.

Extended 25 Marker Y-DNA modal based on Mongolians matching the above modal haplotype in the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation database,[38] which also corresponds to the modal assigned to Genghis Khan released by Family Tree DNA:[37]

DYS 393 390 19 391 385a 385b 426 388 439 389i 392 389ii 458 459a 459b 455 454 447 437 448 449 464a 464b 464c 464d
Alleles 13 25 16 10 12 13 11 14 10 13 11 29 18 8 8 11 12 26 14 22 27 11 11 12 16

Ysearch: GF44B

Oxford university's department of biochemistry gives an extended haplotype (SMGF standard allele count).[39]

DYS 393 392 449 446 390 389b 464a 464b 464c 464d 461 394 458 462 391 459a 459b 460 YGATAA10 385a 385b 455 YGATAH4
Alleles 13 11 27 21 25 16 11 11 12 16 11 17 18 13 10 8 8 10 13 12 13 11 11
DYS YGATAC4 426 454 YCAIIa YCAIIb GGAAT1B07 388 447 456 441 439 437 442 445 389I 448 438 452 444 463
Alleles 21 11 12 22 23 10 14 26 15 15 10 14 11 12 13 25 10 31 14 23

Ysearch: GF44B (78 Y-STRs)

[edit] Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, is believed to belong to Y-DNA haplogroup E1b1b. According to Ronny Decorte, genetics expert at Katholieke Universiteit Leuven who sampled Hitler's current living relatives, "the results of this study are surprising" and "Hitler would not have been happy".[40][41]

[edit] William Harvey

Famous English physician William Harvey, who was the first in the Western world to describe systemic circulation, belonged to Y-DNA haplogroup E1b1b1, more specifically to the subclade E1b1b1c1 (M34). Most ancient ancestor known was Humphrey Harvey (1459–1526, Kent, England). Ysearch: B2YWY. Look also Harvey Y-DNA Genetic Project

[edit] The Wright Brothers

The Wright Brothers of the United States belonged to Y-DNA haplogroup E1b1b1, subclade E1b1b1a2 (V13). They were supposedly descended from Robert Wright of Brook Hall, Essex, England.[citation needed] Look at Wright Dna Project

DYS 393 390 19 391 385A 385B 426 388 439 389I 392 389II
Alleles 13 24 13 10 16



18 11 12 12 13 11 29

[42]


[edit] Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein belonged to haplogroup E1b1b1*-m35*, with a sample taken from a paternal descendants of Naphtali Hirsch Einstein[43][44]

[edit] Rurik of Novgorod

Rurik, whose descendants founded Kievan Rus', and ultimately the Tsardom of Russia (Ivan the Terrible), belonged to the Y-DNA Haplogroup N (N1c1). And they belong to a very specific Swedish branch of N1c1.[45] Most living Princes of the Rurik Dynasty or Rurikids also belong to this haplogroup, specifically those descending from Vladimir II Monomakh. The remainder belong to Haplogroup R1a (Y-DNA) below, and so have been suggested to be of Slavic origin.

Person DYS 393 390 19 391 385a 385b 426 388 439 389i 392 389ii 458 459a 459b 455 454 447 437 448 449 464a 464b 464c 464d
Puzyna Alleles 14 23 14 10 11 13 11 12 11 13 14 29 18 9 9 11 12 25 14 19 28 14 14 14 14
Gagarin Alleles 14 23 14 11 11 13 11 12 10 14 14 30 18 9 9 11 12 25 14 19 29 14 15 15 15
Rzhevsky Alleles 14 23 14 11 11 13 11 12 10 14 14 31 18 9 9 10 12 25 14 19 29 14 14 15 15
Kropotkin Alleles 14 23 14 11 11 13 11 12 10 14 14 30 18 9 9 11 12 24 14 19 28 14 14 15 15
Myshetsky Alleles 14 23 14 11 11 13 11 12 11 14 15 30 18 9 9 11 12 25 14 19 32 14 14 15 15
Vadbolsky Alleles 14 23 14 11 11 13 11 12 10 14 14 30 18 9 9 11 12 25 14 19 27 14 14 15 15
Khilkov Alleles 14 23 14 11 11 13 11 12 10 14 14 30 18 9 9 11 12 25 14 19 29 14 14 15 15
Putyatin Alleles 14 23 14 11 11 13 11 12 10 14 14 31 18 9 9 11 12 25 14 19 30 14 14 15 15

Ysearch: EAKVQ, WYAK3, HP2VB,

Russian Nobility DNA Project - note, however, that this information originally came from the Rurikid Dynasty DNA Project: [6]

[edit] Gediminas

See also: Jagiellon dynasty

As it was thought that the Lithuanian family of Gediminas or the Gediminids might ultimately belong to the Rurikid line, the same Rurikid Dynasty DNA Project sought to discover the haplogroup of their famous founder Gediminas. It was surprisingly found that while this is not precisely the case, the Gediminids also belong to the Y-DNA Haplogroup N1c1, yet of a different subclade. In fact the Gediminids and Rurikids are actually very distant cousins, sharing a common ancestor circa 2500 years ago.[46]

Person DYS 393 390 19 391 385a 385b 426 388 439 389i 392 389ii 458 459a 459b 455 454 447 437 448 449 464a 464b 464c 464d
Khovanskii Alleles 14 23 15 11 11 13 11 12 10 15 15 31 17 9 9 11 12 25 14 19 27 14 14 15 15
Chartorisky Alleles 14 23 15 11 11 13 11 12 11 14 15 30 17 9 9 11 12 25 14 19 29 14 14 15 15
Golitsin Alleles 14 23 15 11 11 13 11 12 11 14 15 30 17 9 9 11 12 25 14 19 28 14 14 15 15
Trubetskoi Alleles 14 23 15 11 11 13 11 12 10 13 15 29 17 9 9 11 12 25 14 20 28 14 14 15 15

Ysearch: HP2VB, 7FWBE, HUD38,

Russian Nobility DNA Project- note, however, that this information originally came from the Rurikid Dynasty DNA Project: [7]

[edit] Tonu Trubetsky

DYS 393 390 19 391 385a 385b 426 388 439 389i 392 389ii 458 459a 459b 455 454 447 437 448 449 464a 464b 464c 464d
Alleles 13 25 15 11 11 14 12 12 10 13 11 31 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 21 32 12 12 14 14

Ysearch: WUZG2

[edit] Somerled

Main articles: Somerled and Clann Somhairle

In 2003 Oxford University researchers traced the Y-chromosome signature of Somerled of Argyll, one of Scotland's greatest warriors, who is credited with driving out the Vikings. He was also paternal grandfather of the founder of Clan Donald. Through clan genealogies, the genetic relation was mapped out.[47] Somerled belongs to haplogroup R1a1.

In 2005 a study by Professor of Human Genetics Bryan Sykes of Oxford University led to the conclusion that Somerled has possibly 500,000 living descendants - making him the second most common historical ancestor after Genghis Khan.[48] Sykes deduced that despite Somerled's reputation for having driven out the Vikings from Scotland, Somerled's own Y-DNA most closely matched that of the Vikings he fought.

The Y-DNA sequence is as follows (12 markers):[49]

DYS 393 390 19 391 385a 385b 426 388 439 389i 392 389ii 458 459a 459b 455 454 447 437 448 449 464a 464b 464c 464d
Alleles 13 25 15 11 11 14 12 12 10 14 11 31 16 8 10 11 11 23 14 20 31 12 15 15 16

Ysearch: YS495

[edit] Wyatt Emory Cooper and Anderson Cooper

Wyatt Emory Cooper and Anderson Cooper belong to Y-DNA haplogroup R1a.[10]

[edit] All Russian emperors from at least Peter III to Alexis

Nicholas II of Russia has been predicted as having an R1b haplotype.[21][22]

It matched a member of another line of Nicholas I's descendants. So, all the Emperors from Nicholas I to Alexis (Heir) shared this YDNA. It can also be said that this result is German, so Paul I was most likely the real son of his official father Peter III, and not the son of a lover, as was speculated.

[edit] Colla Uais

Main article: Colla Uais

Colla Uais had previously been deduced as belonging to Y-DNA haplogroup R1b, based on results from DNA projects, and as having the following haplotype:[10] This identification proved to be ill-founded and has since been revoked.[50]

DYS 393 390 19 391 385a 385b 426 388 439 389i 392 389ii 458 459a 459b 455 454 447 437 448 449 464a 464b 464c 464d
Alleles 13 24 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 30 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 17

[edit] Figures from popular culture

[edit] Al Roker

Al Roker, United States broadcaster, belongs to Y-DNA haplogroup E, common among African peoples.[10]

[edit] Chris Rock

American comedian Chris Rock belongs to Y-DNA haplogroup B(subclade B2a1). He is paternally descended from the Uldeme people of Cameroon.[51]

[edit] Desmond Tutu

Desmond Tutu, South African activist and Christian cleric, according to a study on Southern African genetics belongs to haplogroup E1b1a1g.[52]

[edit] Matt Lauer

Matt Lauer belongs to Y-DNA haplogroup J.[10]

[edit] Spencer Wells

Main article: Spencer Wells

Spencer Wells, the project director of The Genographic Project, is a member of haplogroup R1b.[53]

[edit] Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela, former President of South Africa, belongs to Haplogroup E1b1a (Y-DNA) (also known as E-M2) typical of Bantu speakers.[54][55]

[edit] See also

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[edit] References

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