List of Emperors of Ethiopia

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Haile Selassie I, the last Emperor of Ethiopia

The following is a list of Emperors of Ethiopia since the Zagwe dynasty. Kings of Axum and Dʿmt are listed separately due to numerous gaps and large flexibility in chronology.

[edit] Emperors of Ethiopia (9th/10th century–1974)

(Names in italics indicate rulers who were usurpers or not widely recognized)

Reign	Portrait	Birth Name	Regnal Name	Notes
Ethiopian Empire (Mängəstä Ityop'p'ya)
Zagwe Dynasty
There is no current consensus on the precise reigns of the rulers of the Zagwe dynasty.
		Mara Takla Haymanot
		Tatadim
		Jan Seyum
		Germa Seyum
		Yemrehana Krestos
		Kedus Harbe
1189 to 1229		Gebre Mesqel Lalibela
		Na'akueto La'ab
		Yetbarak
		Mairari
		Harbai
Solomonic Dynasty
1270 to 1285		Yekuno Amlak	Tasfa Iyasus
1285 to 1294		Yagbe'u Seyon	Salomon I
1294 to 1295		Senfa Ared IV
1295 to 1296		Hezba Asgad
1296 to 1297		Qedma Asgad
1297 to 1298		Jin Asgad
1298 to 1299		Saba Asgad
1299 to 1314		Wedem Arad
1314 to 1344		Amda Seyon I	Gabra Masqal I
1344 to 1372		Newaya Krestos	Sayfa Ar`ed
1372 to 1382		Newaya Maryam	Wedem Asfare; or Gemma Asfare
1382 to 1413		Dawit I
1413 to 1414		Tewodros I	Walda Ambasa	Ruled 9 months
1414 to 1429		Yeshaq I (Isaac)	Gabra Masqal II
1429 to 1430		Andreyas (Andrew)		Ruled 4 or 6 months.
1430 to 1433		Takla Maryam	Hezba Nan
1433		Sarwe Iyasus	Mehreka Nan
1433 to 1434		Amda Iyasus	Badel Nan	Ruled 8 months.
1434 to 1468		Zara Yaqob	Kuestantinos I (Constantine I)	Dating becomes certain here
1468 to 1478		Baeda Maryam I
1478 to 1494		Eskender	Constantine II
1494		Amda Seyon II		Ruled 6 or 7 months.
1494 to 1508		Na'od
1508 to 1540		Dawit II (David II)	Lebna Dengel
September 3, 1540 to March 23, 1559		Gelawdewos (Claudius)	Asnaf Sagad I
1559 to 1563		Menas	Admas Sagad I
1563 to 1597		Sarsa Dengel	Malak Sagad I
1597 to 1603		Yaqob (Jacob)	Malak Sagad II
1603 to 1604		Za Dengel	Asnaf Sagad II
1604 to 1606		Yaqob (Jacob)	Malak Sagad II	Restored
1606 to 1632		Susenyos	Malak Sagad III	Crowned on 18 March 1608
1632 to 1667		Fasilides (Basilides)	`Alam Sagad
1667 to 1682		Yohannes I (John I)	A'ilaf Sagad
19 July 1682 to 13 October 1706		Iyasu I (Iyasu the Great)	Adyam Sagad II
1685		Yeshaq Iyasu ?		A rebel
27 March 1706 to 30 June 1708		Tekle Haymanot I	Le`al Sagad
September 1707		Amda Seyon		A rebel
1 July 1708 to 14 October 1711		Tewoflos (Theophilus)	Walda Ambasa
1709 to July 1710		Nebahne Yohannes		A rebel
14 October 1711 to 19 February 1716		Yostos (Justus)	Sahay Sagad	Not of the Solomonic dynasty; overthrew Tewoflos.
8 February 1716 to 18 May 1721		Dawit III	Adabar Sagad
18 May 1721 to 1730		Bakaffa	Asma Sagad or Masih Sagad
19 September 1730 to 26 June 1755		Iyasu II (Joshua II)	`Alem Sagad
1736 to 1737		Hezqeyas		A rebel
Zemene Mesafint (Era of the Princes)
26 June 1755 to 7 May 1769		Iyoas I (Joas)	Adyam Sagad
7 May to 18 October 1769		Yohannes II (John II)
18 October 1769 to June 1770		Tekle Haymanot II	Admas Sagad III
June to December 1770		Susenyos II
18 October 1769 to 13 April 1777		Tekle Haymanot II	Admas Sagad III	Restored
13 April 1777 to 20 July 1779		Salomon II (Solomon II)
20 July 1779 to 8 February 1784		Tekle Giyorgis	Feqr Sagad
16 February 1784 to 24 April 1788		Iyasu III (Joshua III)
1787 to 1788		Iyasu		In opposition to Iyasu III
1787 to 1788		Baeda Maryam		In opposition to Iyasu III
February 1788 to 1789		Tekle Haymanot		In opposition to Iyasu III
24 April 1788 to 26 July 1789		Tekle Giyorgis	Feqr Sagad	Restored
26 July 1789 to January 1794		Hezqeyas (Hezekiah)
January 1794 to 15 April 1795		Tekle Giyorgis	Feqr Sagad	Restored
15 April to December 1795		Baeda Maryam II
December 1795 to 20 May 1796		Tekle Giyorgis	Feqr Sagad	Restored
20 May 1796 to 15 July 1797		Salomon III (Solomon III)
18 August 1797 to 4 January 1798		Yonas (Jonah)
4 January 1798 to 20 May 1799		Tekle Giyorgis	Feqr Sagad	Restored
20 May 1799 to 15 July 1799		Salomon III (Solomon III)		Restored
25 July 1799 to 24 March 1800		Demetros (Demetrius)
24 March to June 1800		Tekle Giyorgis	Feqr Sagad	Restored
June 1800 to June 1801		Demetros		Restored
June 1801 to 3 June 1818		Egwale Seyon	Newaya Sagad
19 June 1818 to 3 June 1821		Iyoas II (Joas II)
3 June 1821 to April 1826		Gigar
April 1826		Baeda Maryam III
April 1826 to 18 June 1830		Gigar		Restored
18 June 1830 to 18 March 1832		Iyasu IV (Joshua IV)
18 March 1832 to 1832		Gebre Krestos
1832		Sahla Dengel
1832 to 8 June 1832		Gebre Krestos		Restored
1832		Egwale Anbesa		A rebel
October 1832 to 29 August 1840		Sahla Dengel		Restored
30 August 1840 to October 1841		Yohannes III (John III)
October 1841 to 1845		Sahle Dengel		Restored
1845		Yohannes III (John III)		Restored
1845 to 1850		Sahle Dengel		Restored
1850 to 1851		Yohannes III (John III)		Restored
1851 to 11 February 1855		Sahle Dengel		Restored
Tewodros Dynasty
9 February 1855 to 13 April 1868		Kassa Hailu	Tewodros II (Theodore II)	Crowned on 11 February 1855
Zagwe Dynasty
11 June 1868 to 11 July 1871		Wagshum Gobeze	Tekle Giyorgis II
Tigray Dynasty
11 July 1871 to 9 March 1889		Kassa Mercha	Yohannes IV (John IV)	Crowned on 12 January 1872
Solomonic Dynasty
9 March 1889 to 12 December 1913		Sahle Maryam	Menelik II	Crowned on 3 November 1889; King of Shewa before becoming Emperor
12 December 1913 to 27 September 1916		Lij Kifle Yaqub	Iyasu V (Joshua V)	Never crowned; deposed by nobles with the sanction of the Church
27 September 1916 to 2 April 1930		Askala Maryam	Zewditu I, Empress	♀
2 April 1930 to 2 May 1936		Tafari Makonnen	Haile Selassie I	Crowned on 2 November 1930; exiled by the Italians
Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana)
House of Savoy
9 May 1936 to 5 May 1941		Vittorio Emanuele Ferdinando Maria Gennaro di Savoia	Victor Emmanuel III of Italy (Vittorio Emanuele III), with title "Emperor of Ethiopia" represented by:-	Unrecognized only by US and Soviet Union in 1940. Renounced title in 1943.
Tenure	Portrait	Incumbent	Notes
9 May 1936 to 11 June 1936		Pietro Badoglio, 1st Duke of Addis Abeba, 1st Marquess of Sabotino, Viceroy and Governor-General
11 June 1936 to 21 December 1937		Rodolfo Graziani, 1st Marquis of Neghelli, Viceroy and Governor-General
21 December 1937 to 19 May 1941		Prince Amedeo, 3rd Duke of Aosta, Viceroy and Governor-General
23 May 1941 to 6 July 1941		Pietro Gazzera, Acting Viceroy and Governor-General
6 July 1941 to 27 November 1941		Guglielmo Nasi, Acting Viceroy and Governor-General
Reign	Portrait	Birth Name	Regnal Name	Notes
Ethiopian Empire (Mängəstä Ityop'p'ya)
Solomonic Dynasty
5 May 1941 to 12 September 1974		Tafari Mekonnen	Haile Selassie I	Restored; later deposed by the Derg
12 September 1974 to 21 March 1975		Asfa Wossen	Amha Selassie I	Designated "King" (not Emperor) by the Derg, did not take throne