Talgo

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Talgo, S.A.
Company typeSociedad Anónima
BMAD: TLGO
ISINES0105065009 Edit this on Wikidata
IndustryRail vehicle manufacturing
Founded1942
HeadquartersLas Rozas de Madrid, Spain[1]
ProductsLocomotives
High-speed trains
Intercity and commuter trains
Number of employees
1,100 (Spain)
Websitetalgo.com

Talgo (officially Patentes Talgo, SAU) is a Spanish manufacturer of intercity, standard, and high-speed passenger trains.

Corporate history

TALGO, an abbreviation of Tren Articulado Ligero Goicoechea Oriol (English: Lightweight articulated train Goicoechea Oriol), and named after the company founders, Alejandro Goicoechea and José Luis Oriol. The company was first incorporated in 1942.

In March 2007 Talgo sold its Finnish rolling stock manufacturing subsidiary Talgo Oy to its local management and other Finnish investors. The company, which Talgo had owned for seven years, reverted to its previous name of Transtech Oy. The company spends 10 to 12 percent of revenues on research and development,[2] but the main revenue source is the Spanish railway operator Renfe.[3]

Talgo made an initial public offering on the Bolsa de Madrid in May 2015. The IPO valued the company at €1.27 billion.[4]

In July 2015, Talgo stated its intention to ship a Series 9 train to India at its own cost as a demonstration on the Mumbai-Delhi rail route.[5][6]

La Gineta is the site of a test track of the Talgo RD railway gauge changer.

Design

Left: Conventional bogie system.
Right: Talgo System

Talgo trains are best known for their unconventional articulated railway passenger cars that use in-between carriage bogies that Talgo patented in 1941, similar to the earlier Jacobs bogie. The wheels are mounted in pairs but not joined by an axle and the bogies are shared between coaches rather than underneath individual coaches. This allows a railway car to take a turn at higher speeds with less hunting oscillation. As the coaches are not mounted directly onto wheel bogies, the coaches are more easily insulated from track noise. This design has been proposed for further utilisation in the Talgo 22, double dec train with stepless access from the platform to the lower deck and between carriages.[7]

Talgo trains fitted with variable gauge axles can change rail gauge - for instance at the 1,668 mm Iberian gauge/1,435 mm standard gauge at the Spanish-French border interchange.[8]

Since the introduction of the Talgo Pendular in 1980, the train tilts naturally inwards on curves, allowing it to run faster on curves without causing discomfort to passengers. The carriage tilting system pivots around the top of the suspension columns, which has the effect of partially cancelling the effects of lateral acceleration when cornering.

Trains

Talgo trains are divided into a number of generations. They come in both locomotive hauled and self-propelled versions.

Talgo I

Drawing of Talgo I power car

The Talgo I was built in 1942 in Spain. The coaches were built at the "Hijos de Juan Garay" workshop in Oñati and the power car was built at the workshops of the "Compañía de Norte" in Valladolid.[9] It was built as a prototype, and it was used to set several railroad speed records.[2] The first test run occurred between Madrid and Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha in October 1942.[10]

Talgo II

Talgo II

Talgo II coaches and locomotives were first built in 1950 at the American Car and Foundry Company (ACF) works in the United States under the direction of Spanish engineers (the diesel-electric locomotives were assembled by ACF with electrical components made by General Electric). Talgo II carried most of the Jet Rocket train's passengers between Chicago and Peoria, Illinois, after entering service on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad (the Rock Island line) in 1956. Slightly different coaches were later introduced, and the last car type of the Jet Rocket resembled that of the future Talgo III.[11] The New York Central Railroad trialed a complete train until 1958 but saw little success.[12]

Talgo IIs were also built for the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad for its "John Quincy Adams" train from New York City to Boston, Massachusetts, and the Boston and Maine Railroad for its "Speed Merchant" train, running between Boston, Massachusetts and Portland, Maine.[13] Soon afterwards, Talgo II trains began running in Spain and were successfully operated until 1972.[9]

Talgo III

Talgo III

Talgo III coaches and locomotives entered service in 1964, introducing longer cars and easy directional reversibility of the coaches. The Talgo III/RD was equipped with variable gauge axles, and this permitted the introduction, on 1 June 1969, of the first through train between Barcelona and Geneva (the Catalan Talgo), despite the difference in rail gauge.[2][14] The same equipment was used for the Barcelona Talgo, which began operation on 26 May 1974 as the first-ever through train service between Barcelona and Paris.[15]

Talgo Pendular

Talgo Pendular (Talgo VI)
Functional principle of "tilting" - green: gravity, red: centrifugal force, blue: resultant force

The Talgo Pendular (Talgo IV and Talgo V, also VI & Talgo 200 or 6th generation), introduced in 1980, created the "natural tilting" train, using a passive system that tilts the carriages with no need for electronic sensors or hydraulic equipment.[3] The wheels are mounted on mono axles between the carriages, and sitting on top of the mono axles are suspension columns. The carriages are attached to the top of the suspension columns and swing outwards as the train goes through a curve.

In 1988, a Talgo Pendular was used on trials for Amtrak on the Boston-New York corridor in the United States and on Deutsche Bahn lines in Germany.[9] Trial commercial services with Talgo cars in the US commenced in 1994 between Seattle and Portland, and from 1998 different trains have been used on the Amtrak Cascades services from Vancouver, British Columbia south to Seattle, Washington, continuing south via Portland, Oregon to Eugene, Oregon.[16] Five Talgo IV trains were in use in Argentina on the General Roca Railway. They have since been replaced by CRRC Dalian rolling stock, and their future is uncertain as of 2015.[17] The sets used on the Amtrak Cascades have been replaced by Amtrak-owned Horizon cars.

Talgo 200 series trains are also in use in Kazakhstan for the Almaty–Astana overnight train.[18]

Talgo VII

Talgo VII cars

The Talgo VII introduced beginning in 2000 is used as a locomotive-pulled train set as well as intermediate cars for the multiple units Talgo 250, Talgo 350 and Talgo XXI. The carriages are similar to the Talgo Pendular type but have an air-controlled hydraulic brake system and power supply from head end power instead of diesel engine-generators in the end cars. Talgo VII trains have the car which has two pairs of wheels in the middle of the set (of cars) rather than at one end of the set, which is the case for earlier Talgo trains. All the other cars in the set have a single pair of wheels.[19]

Talgo 8

Talgo Series 8

The Series 8 passenger cars are similar to the Series VII cars, but the diesel generator car at one end of the train has a control cabin for push-pull operation and a two-axle end bogie. These trains are designed for the North American market. Talgo made an agreement in 2009 to build a manufacturing facility in Wisconsin which would initially supply two 14-car trainsets for the Amtrak Hiawatha Service until the project was cancelled. The company expressed hope the plant would later be used to build trains for other U.S. rail projects.[20][21]

Early in 2010, the Oregon Department of Transportation announced that it had negotiated the purchase of two 13-car trainsets for use in the Pacific Northwest rail corridor between Eugene and Vancouver, British Columbia.[22] These trainsets were also manufactured in Wisconsin and were delivered in 2013. The sets are currently operating in the "Cascades" corridor in the Pacific Northwest. They have been integrated with the five existing sets in regular service.[23] The Series 8 trains offer passengers many modern amenities including high-speed Wi-Fi, reclining seats and a full-service bistro and lounge car.

In 2014, the state of Michigan expressed interest in operating the unused Talgo 8 cars for their Amtrak Wolverine service.[24] Three years later, Amtrak proposed to lease or buy the unused cars in the wake of the 2017 Washington train derailment. Ultimately, the two trainsets were sold to Nigeria for use on the Lagos Rail Mass Transit.[25]

Talgo 9

Talgo 9 cars of Strizh (Swift) train in Berlin
Main article: Strizh (train)

This series, designed for Russia and Kazakhstan, featured wide bodyshells and wheelsets. There are three versions, consisting of either 1520mm fixed gauge, 1520-1435mm variable gauge or 1520-1676mm variable gauge. They are used in the Berlin-Moscow line (December 2016), Saint Petersburg-Moscow-Samara (August 2020).

The final successful test run of the Talgo 9 series coaches was completed in India on September 10, 2016.[26]

Talgo 250 HSR

Renfe class 130
Main article: Renfe Class 130

The Talgo 250 is a dual voltage electric train (AC/DC) equipped with variable gauge axles. This allows the units to be used on high-speed lines and on conventional broad gauge lines. A Talgo 250 train consists of two power cars and 11 Talgo VII intermediate coaches. This class was developed for Renfe (classed as S-130).[27] One trainset (RENFE Class 730) was involved in the Santiago de Compostela accident on 24 July 2013.

Uzbekistan Railways ordered two Talgo 250 sets of a Russian gauge version in 2009. The first set arrived at Tashkent in July 2011.[28]

Talgo 250 Hybrid

The Talgo 250 Hybrid is a dual-voltage dual-power train equipped with variable gauge axles. The train is therefore also able to operate on non-electrified lines. A Talgo 250 Hybrid train consists of two power cars, two technical end coaches and nine Talgo VII intermediate coaches. The trains were developed for Renfe and classed initially as S-130H, later as S-730). They are rebuilt from existing Talgo 250 trains.[29]

Talgo 350 HSR

Talgo 350 train as used for AVE high-speed services between Madrid - Valencia
Main article: Renfe Class 102

The Talgo 350 entered service as the Renfe AVE Class 102 marking the company's entry into the high-speed train manufacturing market. Tests with the prototype commenced in 1994,[9] and Talgo 350 trains have been operating at a top commercial speed of 330 km/h on the Madrid-Barcelona and Madrid-Valladolid lines since 22 December 2007. This series of trains is designed to reach a speed of 350 km/h (220 mph), although present lines and commercial services limit the speed to 330 km/h (205 mph).[30][31] The train consists of two power cars and Talgo VII intermediate cars with improved brakes and additional primary suspension.[19]

Talgo XXI HSR

Renfe class 355 / Talgo XXI / Talgo BT

Talgo XXI is a project for a high-speed diesel-powered train, that operates in push-pull with one or two power cars and Talgo VII intermediate cars. The North American version has four-axle power cars in compliance with United States FRA regulations. Only one train in compliance with European UIC standards has been built to date.[32] Talgo reported that the Talgo XXI attained 256 km/h (159 mph) on the Olmedo-Medina del Campo high speed experimental line on 9 July 2002,[33] which led to a claim for the world speed record for a diesel train. However, this claim was never proven.[dubious – discuss] After the test runs the train was sold to the Spanish infrastructure authority ADIF as a measuring train for high-speed lines.

Possible specs are:

  • Two MTU 12V 4000 R64 engines (two power cars configuration) or one MTU 12V 4000 R84 engine (one power car configuration), up to 1.800 rpm, high-speed diesel, Euro IIIB compliant with diesel particulate filter and exhaust gas recirculation aftertreatment system
  • 2x1.500 kW (3 MW) or 1x1.800 kW power ratings
  • Voith hydraulic transmission
  • Hydrodynamic and air braking
  • Variable gauge
  • 5 to 12 passenger coaches, depending on the setup
  • Up to 400 seats
  • Designed for a top speed of 220 km/h (135 mph)
  • Power car with a shared trailer axle

Talgo AVRIL HSR

Talgo AVRIL in the International Exhibition InnoTrans, Germany 2012

Talgo has developed recently a train known as "AVRIL" (Alta Velocidad Rueda Independiente Ligero — Light High-Speed Independent Wheel), intended for speeds of 380 kilometres per hour (240 mph).[34] The system uses underfloor traction in the front and rear vehicles, with the intermediate carriages having the Talgo Pendular system (which cannot use motored axles on the axles corresponding to the system). Starting with the concept stage in 2009, it began dynamic testing on the Spanish high-speed network in 2014,[35] and was approved in May 2016. It won its first major contract in November 2016, for the Mediterranean corridor in Spain, and its link to Paris.[36]

Talgo Egypt

In 2021, Egypt ordered new Talgo trains.[37]

Variable Gauge Axles (VGA)

In addition to the multiple units with Variable Gauge Axles, Talgo built in 2005 a prototype of a VGA locomotive (the L-9202, TRAV-CA, 130-901 or Virgen del Buen Camino).[38][39]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Information about Talgo" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2012.
  2. ^ a b c Guillén, Mauro F. (2001). The Limits of Convergence. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 104. ISBN 0-691-05705-2. Retrieved 4 May 2020 – via Internet Archive. Talgo III RD.
  3. ^ a b Guillén, Mauro F. (2005). The Rise of Spanish Multinationals. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521847216. Retrieved 7 May 2008 – via Google Books.
  4. ^ "IPO values Talgo at €1.27bn". Railway Gazette. 7 May 2015. Retrieved 15 July 2015.
  5. ^ Dhoot, Vikas (24 July 2015). "Train from Spain: Government considering Talgo proposal to run trial runs of faster trains trains between Mumbai, Delhi". Economic Times. New Delhi. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  6. ^ For trial run in India, wheelset being adjusted from 1520mm (Russian gauge) to 1676mm (Indian gauge).
  7. ^ "Talgo 22".
  8. ^ "Variable gauge system Talgo RD 2008" – via www.youtube.com.
  9. ^ a b c d "Historia de Talgo". www.talgo.com. Retrieved 15 June 2010.
  10. ^ "Historie". www.talgo.de. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  11. ^ (1) "The Jet Rocket". Streamliner Memories. 1 March 2013. Retrieved 12 May 2020. Archived May 13, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
    (2) "EMD LWT12 locomotive No. 1 (serial number 20826) pulling the Jet Rocket train on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad" (photograph). c. 1956. Retrieved 4 May 2020 – via Flickr.
  12. ^ Guillén, Mauro F. (2001). The Limits of Convergence. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 104. ISBN 0-691-05705-2. Retrieved 4 May 2020 – via Internet Archive. In 1948 the American Car and Foundry Company of Hoboken, New Jersey, and Wilmington, Delaware, agreed to manufacture three Talgo II trains. Two of them were shipped back to Spain to enter scheduled commercial service in 1950. The third was tested and used for passenger traffic on the New York Central Railroad until 1958 with little commercial success.
  13. ^ Kirkland, John F. (November 1985). The Diesel Builders Volume 1: Fairbanks-Morse and Lima-Hamilton. Interurban Press. ISBN 0-916374-69-6.
  14. ^ "Stop Press" (changes taking effect). Cooks Continental Timetable (June 1969 edition), p. 6; also pp. 71, 106. London: Thomas Cook Publishing.
  15. ^ "Barcelona Talgo". Thomas Cook Continental Timetable (June 1975 edition), p. 466. Thomas Cook Publishing.
  16. ^ "TALGO AMERICA - History". www.talgoamerica.com. Archived from the original on 25 June 2008. Retrieved 7 May 2008.
  17. ^ ¿Traslado al cementerio? - Cronica Ferroviaria, 5 May 2015.
  18. ^ [1] Kazakhstan Buys Two Talgo Trains, International Railway Journal (1 December 2000)
  19. ^ a b "Talgo 7". Christian Torrego, 2002-2003 (Translation by P.L. Guillemin, April 2003). Archived from the original on 3 April 2009. Retrieved 29 December 2008.
  20. ^ "Wisconsin wants Talgo trains". Railway Gazette International. 21 July 2009. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
  21. ^ "History: North American Milestones". Talgo America. Archived from the original on 26 December 2010. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
  22. ^ "ODOT purchases passenger trains". Retrieved 28 February 2010.
  23. ^ "Oregon's new trains, new schedule begin Jan. 6". Retrieved 22 March 2015.
  24. ^ "Amtrak's Detroit-Chicago trip to get faster, plusher with upgrades". The Detroit News. 15 September 2014. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 22 October 2014.
  25. ^ "Never-used Talgo trainsets find a buyer in Africa".
  26. ^ "Superfast Talgo train to run from Delhi to Mumbai in 12 hours in final test run". The Economic Times.
  27. ^ "Productos Talgo". www.talgo.com. Archived from the original on 18 April 2008. Retrieved 7 May 2008.
  28. ^ "Uzbekistan Temir Yollari Talgo 250 - Ferropedia". ferropedia.es. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  29. ^ "Talgo 250" (PDF). www.talgo.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 September 2011. Retrieved 28 August 2011.
  30. ^ "Railway Technology - Spain's Great Rail Race - High-Speed Train Lines". www.railway-technology.com. 29 July 2007. Retrieved 7 May 2008.
  31. ^ "Talgo evolves its unique design for ultra-high speed. (High Speed: Spain). - International Railway Journal | HighBeam Research". highbeam.com. 1 October 2002. Archived from the original on 9 April 2016.
  32. ^ "TALGO AMERICA - Talgo XXI". www.talgoamerica.com. Archived from the original on 24 June 2008. Retrieved 7 May 2008.
  33. ^ "Talgo: History". www.talgo.com. Archived from the original on 18 April 2008. Retrieved 2 June 2008.
  34. ^ "Talgo's 380 km/h Avril train to take on the airlines". Railway Gazette International. 27 July 2009.
  35. ^ Puente, Fernando (9 September 2014). "Talgo Avril starts dynamic testing". railjournal.com. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  36. ^ "Talgo wins the most important high-speed tender in Europe". Talgo. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  37. ^ "First Talgo train for Egypt due to arrive in November". Railpage.
  38. ^ "TRAVCA article in Ferropedia.es". ferropedia.org. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  39. ^ "THE EST CRASH BUFFER - Information and References on the EST Crash Buffers G1, R1 and X1". www.crashbuffer.com. Retrieved 6 April 2018.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Talgo.
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