Disney animation studios

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The Walt Disney Company has opened other animated studios besides the main studio, Walt Disney Animation Studios, that arose out of its original primary operations of animated shorts. Some originated from within the company as they expanded the range of distribution for its animated productions; others were by acquisition.

Disney does not own Studio Ghibli but does have an ownership interest in Ghibli animated movies.[1]

Contents

History [edit]

After the Disney animated features department, the next animated division was its TV animated unit, Disney Television Animation, formed in November 1984. Three overseas animation studios (Australia, Japan and Canada) were set up for the company's animated television series.[2]

Walt Disney Feature Animation opened Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida division in 1989.[3]

A sequel unit was formed in TV Animation, MovieToons, with its first feature production was DuckTales the Movie: Treasure of the Lost Lamp (1990), based upon the syndicated Disney TV show DuckTales, with animation from Disney Animation France.[4] Disney added Direct-to-video (DTV) sequels, Disney Video Premieres, to the MovieToons unit with the DTV Aladdin sequel The Return of Jafar.[5]

With Disney acquisition of Capital Cities/ABC in 1995, CC/ABC came with an animated unit, DiC Entertainment. On February 29, 1996, Disney purchased Jumbo Pictures, Inc. to add "Doug", its hit TV show.[1]

In April 1996, Disney purchased Dream Quest Images to replace Buena Vista Visual Effects.[6] In August 1996, Disney and Tokuma Shoten Publishing agreed that Disney would distribute international Tokuma's Studio Ghibli animated films.[7] In October 1999, Dream Quest Images merged with Walt Disney Feature Animation computer-graphics operation to form The Secret Lab, which made only one film, Dinosaur (2000).[8]

DiC management arranged for DiC to become independent from Disney on November 17, 2000. Disney purchased Fox Family Worldwide on October 24, 2001 for the Fox Family Channel and also received ownership of several units including some for animation but excluding the US Fox Kids Network.[1] Fox Family, Saban Entertainment and Saban International N.V. were renamed ABC Family (in the US) or Jetix (elsewhere), Sensation Animation and BVS International N.V. respectively.[1] Disney followed up the Fox Family purchase with the acquisition of The Baby Einstein Company on November 6.[1]

In January 2003, Disney initiated a reorganization of its theatrical and animation units to improve resource usage and continued focus on new characters and franchise development. TV Animation was transferred to Disney Channel Worldwide.[9] While Disney MovieToons/Disney Video Premieres unit was transferred from Television Animation to Feature Animation and renamed DisneyToon Studios in June.[5] Additional, Feature Animation was transferred to The Walt Disney Studios.[10] Summer 2003, also saw the closing of Disney Animation France. Additional, Disney signed a four animated film deal with Vanguard Animation. In September 2003, Disney Animation Japan was closed.[11]

On January 12, 2004, Disney shut down Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida.[3]

Pixar and Disney had a seven feature agreement that allowed Disney to have the Pixar character rights. With the success of Toy Story 2 in 1999, then-Disney CEO Michael Eisner and Pixar CEO Steve Jobs began to disagree on how Pixar should be run and the terms of a continued relationship.[12] Eisner claimed that Toy Story 2 would not count towards the "original" film count of the agreement.[13] Jobs announced in January 2004 — after 10 months of bargaining — that Pixar would not renew their agreement with Disney and would seek out other distributors for releases starting in 2006.[14] In 2004, Disney Circle 7 Animation was formed as a CG animation studio to create sequels to the Disney-owned Pixar properties.[12] In Late January 2006, new Disney CEO Bob Iger and Jobs agreed to have Disney purchase Pixar[15] which lead to Disney closing Circle 7.[16]

Disney purchased in February 2007 ImageMovers. The renamed ImageMovers Digital began production under Disney on April 2, 2007.[1] With Disney's 2009 purchase of Marvel Entertainment, Disney acquired Marvel Animation, which remain apart of Marvel Entertainment.[17] ImageMovers Digital closed operations by January 2011, after the production was completed on Mars Needs Moms.[18] Lucasfilm Animation was purchased as a unit of Lucasfilm in 2012.[19]

Full list [edit]

company year description
Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio 1923 Original name for The Walt Disney Company
Walt Disney Studios 1926 2nd name for The Walt Disney Company
Walt Disney Productions 1929 3rd & original incorporation name for Walt Disney Studios partnership
Disney Enterprises corporate name for all pre-Capital Cities/ABC merger divisions of Disney, formerly The Walt Disney Company
The Walt Disney Company 1996 conglomerate parent company
Walt Disney Feature Animation -2006 previous name for feature theatrical animation division
Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida 1989-2004
Walt Disney Animation Studios 2006- current name for feature theatrical animation division
Walt Disney Pictures Television Animation Group original name for the TV animation unit
Disney Television Animation 1984 TV animation unit
Disney MovieToons 1990 TV Animation sequel unit
Disney Video Premieres 1991 Direct-to-video unit attached to MovieToons
DiC Entertainment 1995-2000 CC/ABC animated unit at merger
Jumbo Pictures, Inc. 1996 makers of Doug, acquisition
The Secret Lab 1999 - 2001 VFX & animated unit
Jetix Animation Concepts Jetix programming label
Sensation Animation acquired, dubbing for Digimon
SIP Animation minor ownership
The Baby Einstein Company Acquired
DisneyToon Studios 2003 renamed MovieToons/Video Premieres unit after transfer to Feature Animation
Pixar 2006 Acquired
Disney Circle 7 Animation 2004-2006 Pixar film sequel unit
Disney Animation Australia 1988-2006
Disneytoon Studios Australia Disney Animation Australia alternative name
Disney Animation Canada 1996-2000
Disney Animation France 1989-2003 Brizzi Films acquired
Disney Animation Japan 1989-2004
ImageMovers Digital 2007-2011 Acquired
Marvel Animation 2009 Acquired with Marvel Entertainment
Lucasfilm Animation 2012 Acquired with Lucasfilm
Disney Animation Paris 1989-2003 another name for Disney Animation France

Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida [edit]

Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida
Industry entertainment
Fate closed
Successor(s) Disney Circle 7 Animation[20]
Founded Bay Lake, Florida (1989 (1989))
Defunct January 12, 2004 (2004-01-12)
Headquarters Bay Lake, Florida, USA
Number of locations 1
Key people Andrew Millstein[20]
Production output Animation
Employees ~400 (peak, mid-1990s)[3]
Parent Walt Disney Feature Animation
(Walt Disney Studios)

Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida, a division of Walt Disney Feature Animation, opened in 1989 with 40 employees. Its offices were in the Disney-MGM Studios complex of theme parks and visitors were allowed to tour the studio to observe animators at work.[3] On October 7, 1992, the Florida unit was incorporated.[21] On April 22, 1998, Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida moved to a new $70 million facility at the Disney's Hollywood Studios.[3][22] In January 2003, Disney initiated a reorganization of its theatrical and animation units to improve resource usage and continued focus on new characters and franchise development. Additional, Feature Animation was transferred to The Walt Disney Studios.[10] On January 12, 2004, Disney shut down Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida.[3] The Orlando studio was partially turned into a walk-through attraction. The rest of the studio was converted into theme park management offices.[citation needed]

projects

DisneyToon Studios [edit]

Main article: DisneyToon Studios

DisneyToon Studios, formerly Disney Movietoons,[4] is an American animation studio owned by The Walt Disney Company, responsible for producing direct-to-video and occasional theatrical films for Disney Animation Studios, a part of The Walt Disney Studios.[5]

Disney Circle 7 Animation [edit]

Main article: Circle 7 Animation

Circle 7 Animation, or Disney Circle 7 Animation, was a short-lived division of Walt Disney Feature Animation specializing in computer generated imagery (CGI) animation and was originally going to work on making sequels to the Disney-owned Pixar properties, leading rivals and animators[20] to derisively nickname the division "Pixaren't". The company released no movies during its tenure.[12]

Overseas animation studios [edit]

Three overseas animation studios (Australia, Japan and Canada) were set up for the company's animated television series. But as Direct-to-video increased in importance, the overseas studios moved to making feature films.[2]

Disney Animation Australia [edit]

Walt Disney Television Animation (Australia) Pty. Limited
Trading name Disney Animation Australia
Industry entertainment
Fate closed
Founded 1988
Defunct 2006
Headquarters Sydney[10], Australia
Number of locations 1
Key people Philip Oakes (general manager)[23]
Production output Animation
Employees ~ 250 (2005)[24]
Parent DisneyToon Studios[10]
(Walt Disney Animation Studios)

Disney Animation Australia (DAA), also Disneytoon Studios Australia,[24] was a Disney animation studio located in Sydney, Australia.[10]

DAA was started in 1988 at the former Hanna-Barbera overseas studio in St Leonards, Sydney. Initially, Animation Australia worked on various television shows including Winnie the Pooh, Darkwing Duck, Goof Troop, Aladdin, Timon and Pumbaa, and Duck Daze. As staffing increased, the studio moved to Castlereagh Street.[23]

Disney began producing Direct-to-video sequels of its Feature Animation productions, the first of which was the Aladdin sequel The Return of Jafar. When Aladdin was selected as a possible candidate as an animated TV series (before the film's release), as with many animated series, the first three episodes were one multi-part story which Disney used as a potential ‘family movie special’ for the Friday night before the series’ premiere. With work handed out to the Australia animation studio, the opening story was instead greenlit for a direct-to-video release. Thus with "Jafar" and its success, the direct-to-video unit started. Then a second sequel, Aladdin and the King of Thieves, assign work to both the Australia and Japanese animation units.[5]

Australia was assigned additional film sequels: The Lion King II: Simba's Pride, An Extremely Goofy Movie and Lady and the Tramp II: Scamp's Adventure. The company's first feature film was Return to Neverland in 2002 grossing over $100 million worldwide at the box office. In 2005, the studio produced three animated movies: Tarzan 2, Lilo and Stitch 2 and Bambi 2.[23]

Disney Animation Australia was closed in mid-2006 after finishing Brother Bear and Cinderella III.[23]

Productions
  • The Lion King II
  • The Jungle Book II
  • The Lady and the Tramp II
  • Brother Bear II
  • Aladdin II
  • Peter Pan II
  • Tarzan II
  • Lilo and Stitch II
  • Bambi II
  • Cinderella III[24]

Disney Animation Canada [edit]

Walt Disney Animation Canada, Inc.
Trading name Disney Animation Canada
Industry entertainment
Fate closed[25]
Founded 1996[25]
Defunct Spring 2000[25]
Headquarters Canada
Number of locations 2: Vancouver and Toronto[2]
Production output Animation
Employees 200 (2000)[26]
Parent Walt Disney Television Animation
(Walt Disney Feature Animation)

Walt Disney Animation Canada, Inc. (WDAC) was a Canadian animation production company and subsidiary of Disney Television Animation.[2]

Walt Disney Animation Canada was opened in January 1996 to tap Canada's animator pool and produce Direct-to-video. Industry Canada rules were dispensed by the Canadian Government with a multi-year commitment from Disney for the company.[25]

WDAC produced in 1997 "Beauty And The Beast: Enchanted Christmas" then worked with Australia and Japan subcontractors on "Pocahontas II: Journey To The New World."[25] In fall 1999, Animation Canada stopped work on "Peter And Jane", a Peter Pan sequel original designed as its first theatrical release but was changed to a video release.[25] In Spring 2000, due to weak financial performance, Animation Canada was closed.[25][26] With Canada's closure, "Peter and Jane" was to be restarted in Australia and Japan.[25]

Disney Animation France [edit]

Walt Disney Animation, France S.A.
Trading name Disney Animation France
Industry entertainment
Founded 1986[27]
Founder(s) Paul & Gaëtan Brizzi[27]
Headquarters France
Production output Animation

Walt Disney Animation France, original Brizzi Films, was an animation company based in France that operated from 1986 to 2003.

Brizzi Films was founded by Paul & Gaëtan Brizzi in 1986 France. Brizzi worked on Babar in 1986 for Nelvana. In 1989, Brizzi brothers sold the company to Disney Television Animation. The brothers continued on as general managers under the company's new name, Walt Disney Animation, France S.A.[27] In 1994, the Brizzi brothers transferred to Walt Disney Feature Animation.[27] In Summer 2003, Disney Animation France was closed.[11]

Disney Animation Japan [edit]

Walt Disney Animation (Japan) Inc.
Industry Entertainment
Fate closed
Successor(s) The Answer Studio Co. Ltd.[28][29]
Founded 1989[30]
Defunct June 2004[28]
Headquarters Tokyo[31], Japan
Number of locations 1
Key people Motoyoshi Tokunaga (VP, GM)[29]
Production output animation
Employees 103 (2003)[30]
Parent Disney Television Animation
(Walt Disney Feature Animation)

Disney Animation Japan (DAJ), officially Walt Disney Animation (Japan) Inc., was an animation production subsidiary of Disney Television Animation, a component of The Walt Disney Company.

The Japanese studio was set up for the company's animated television series in 1989.[2][30] But as Direct-to-video increased in importance, the overseas studios moved to making feature films.[2]

DAJ worked on The Tigger Movie (2000). In 2003, the company released the Piglet's Big Movie for DisneyToon Studios and 101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure. In September 2003, Disney announced the closure of the company with the in production Pooh's Heffalump Movie to be its final release when finished in 2004.[30][31]

DAJ was closed in June 2004 with 30 employees expected to be transferred to one of the two Disney's remaining animation units.[28] With the closure of the Japanese studio, its remaining work for DisneyToon Studios was split between its US and Australia animation units.[31] Employees not transferred decided to launch a new company, The Answer Studio.[28][29]

Jumbo Pictures [edit]

Jumbo Pictures
Industry entertainment
Successor(s) Cartoon Pizza
Founded 1991
Founder(s) Jim Jinkins
David Campbell[32]
Headquarters New York
Production output Animation

Jumbo Pictures was a New York based animation studio founded by Jim Jinkins and David Campbell in 1991 to produce Doug series and sold to The Walt Disney Company in 1996.[32]

Library
TV shows
Movies

Pixar [edit]

Main article: Pixar

Pixar Animation Studios, or simply Pixar (/ˈpɪksɑr/, stylized PIXAR), is an American computer animation film studio based in Emeryville, California. The studio is best known for its CGI-animated feature films created with PhotoRealistic RenderMan, its own implementation of the industry-standard RenderMan image-rendering application programming interface used to generate high-quality images. Pixar began in 1979 as the Graphics Group, part of the computer division of Lucasfilm before its spin-out as a corporation in 1986 with funding by Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Jobs, who became its majority shareholder.[33] The Walt Disney Company bought Pixar in 2006 at a valuation of $7.4 billion, a transaction which made Jobs Disney's largest shareholder.

Dream Quest Images [edit]

Dream Quest Images
Industry Entertainment
Fate closed
Founded Santa Monica, CA[20] 1979[34]
Defunct 2001[34]
Number of locations 2
Production output VFX, Animation
Parent Walt Disney Feature Animation (1999-2001)
Divisions DQ Films[20]

Dream Quest Images (DQI), later The Secret Lab, was an American special effects company that operated from 1980 to 2001.

Dream Quest was founded in a Santa Monica, California garage in [20] 1979.[34] The co-founders were Hoyt Yeatman, Scott Squires, Rocco Gioffre, Fred Iguchi, Tom Hollister and Bob Hollister.[35] Initial they did piecemeal work on Escape from New York, E.T., and One From the Heart,[35] The company then moved to Culver City. DQ Films, the company's television commercial production division, remained in Santa Monica. In 1987, DQI model-making operations moved into a Simi Valley industrial park with the most of the company following them to Simi Valley later.[20] The Abyss and Total Recall special effects works each earned the company an Oscars Award.[36]

The Walt Disney Company purchased the company in April 1996 and had the company moved to Burbank, California.[20] DQI was purchased to replace Buena Vista Visual Effects.[6]

Secret Lab [edit]

In October 1999, Dream Quest Images merged with Walt Disney Feature Animation computer-graphics operation to form The Secret Lab.[34][37] The Lab made only one computer animated film Dinosaur released in 2000.[37]

After Dinosaur, the Lab and Disney Feature Animation started working on "Wildlife" which was canceled in September 2000.[38]

Lab was being passed over for Disney work and a general decrease in special effects work led to the unit being closed. Lab's last work was for the Spyglass Entertainment’ “Reign of Fire,” the Castle Rock Entertainment/Warner Bros. comedy “Down and Under.”[34]

Jetix related [edit]

Disney purchased Fox Family Worldwide on October 24, 2001 for the Fox Family Channel and also received ownership of several animation units including Saban Entertainment and Saban International N.V.[1] The Saban library included the acquired Marvel Productions and Marvel Film Animation library.[39] Saban also departed Saban International Paris in 2001 with the purchase of Fox Family Worldwide, which was followed by The Walt Disney Company taking a stake in the company and a name change to SIP Animation on October 1, 2002.[40][41][42] Fox Family, Saban Entertainment and Saban International N.V. were renamed ABC Family (in the US) or Jetix (elsewhere), Sensation Animation and BVS International N.V. respectively.[1] Jetix Animation Concepts, also Jetix Concepts Animation, was a brand used for animation co-produced by and for the Jetix global group by the American partner, ABC Disney Cable Group, from 2004 to 2009.[43]

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "Criteria for DISNEY ANIMATED MOVIES". thecompletistgeek.com. Retrieved 1 3 March 2013. 
  2. ^ a b c d e f Hoffman, Ilene (November 1997). "Buena Vista Home Entertainment: A Very Lucky Accident Indeed". Animation World Magazine. Retrieved 9 March 2013. 
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Drees, Rich. "Disney Closes Florida Animation Studio". filmbuffonline.com. Retrieved 6 December 2012. 
  4. ^ a b Harrington, Richard (August 7, 1990). "‘DuckTales: The Movie’". Washington Post. Retrieved 27 February 2013. 
  5. ^ a b c d Strike, Joe (March 28, 2005). "Disney’s Animation Cash Crop — Direct-to-Video Sequels". AnimationWorld. Retrieved 9 March 2013. 
  6. ^ a b "Studio Shakeups". VFX HQ Spotlight. April 1996. Retrieved 23 February 2013. 
  7. ^ "August Issue News Section:Disney Will Distribute Japanese Animation". Animation World Magazine. August 1996. Retrieved 19 July 2011. 
  8. ^ McNary, Dave (October 28, 1999). "DISNEY, DQI TO FORM THE SECRET LAB". Daily News (Los Angeles, CA). Retrieved 23 February 2013. 
  9. ^ Godfrey, Leigh (January 3, 2003). "Disney Streamlines Television Animation Division". AWN News. Retrieved 27 February 2013. 
  10. ^ a b c d e Godfrey, Leigh (January 3, 2003). "David Stainton Named President, Disney Feature Animation". AWN News. Retrieved 27 February 2013. 
  11. ^ a b Verrier, Richard; Claudia Eller (September 29, 2003). "Disney Pushed Toward Digital". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 23 March 2013. 
  12. ^ a b c Daly, Steve (Jun 16, 2006). "Woody: The Untold Story". Entertainment Weekly Magazine. Retrieved 21 February 2013. 
  13. ^ Armstrong, Josh (March 5, 2012). "Bob Hilgenberg and Rob Muir on the Rise and Fall of Disney’s Circle 7 Animation". Retrieved March 27, 2012. 
  14. ^ "Pixar dumps Disney". CNN Money. January 30, 2004. Retrieved 21 February 2013. 
  15. ^ Eller, Claudia (January 26, 2006). "Deal Ends Quarrel Over Pixar Sequels". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 21 February 2013. 
  16. ^ "Disney Closes Unit Devoted to Pixar Sequels". Los Angeles Times. March 21, 2006. Retrieved October 30, 2011. 
  17. ^ Fritz, Ben (September 23, 2009). "Disney tells details of Marvel Entertainment acquisition in a regulatory filing". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 5, 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2011. 
  18. ^ Finke, Nikki (2010-03-12). "Disney Closing Zemeckis' Digital Studio". Deadline.com. Retrieved 2010-11-21. 
  19. ^ Schou, Solvej (December 21, 2012). "Mickey meets 'Star Wars': Walt Disney Co. completes acquisition of Lucasfilm". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 22, 2012. 
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h Eller, Claudia; Richard Verrier (March 16, 2005). "Disney Plans Life After Pixar With Sequel Unit". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 21 February 2013. 
  21. ^ "WALT DISNEY FEATURE ANIMATION FLORIDA, INC.". Corporation Search. State of Florida, Department of State. Retrieved 24 February 2013. 
  22. ^ Polsson, Ken. "1998". Chronology of the Walt Disney Company. Ken Polsson. Retrieved 6 December 2012.  source: Eyes & Ears, April 30, 1998, Volume 28, Number 18. Page 3.
  23. ^ a b c d "Disney to axe Sydney studio". The Sydney Morning Herald. July 26, 2005. Retrieved 12 March 2013. 
  24. ^ a b c Grimm, Nick (July 27, 2005). "Disney cans Australian animation operation". Australian Broadcasting Company. Retrieved April 19, 2012. 
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h Poirier, Agnes (February 15, 2000). "Disney pulls plug on Canadian animation studios". Screendaily.com. Retrieved 23 March 2013. 
  26. ^ a b "Disney Animation closing in Canada". CBC. February 14, 2000. Retrieved 23 March 2013. 
  27. ^ a b c d "Paul & Gaëtan Brizzi". aristregister.com. ArtRegister Network. Retrieved 24 March 2013. 
  28. ^ a b c d "Disney to close Japan animation studio in June". Asia Times Online. April 9, 2004. Retrieved December 25, 2011. 
  29. ^ a b c Desowitz, Bill (October 27, 2004). "Japan’s New Answer Studio Builds on Animation's Past and Future". VFXWorld. Retrieved December 25, 2011. 
  30. ^ a b c d Kilday, Gregg (September 23, 2003). "Dis To Shut Japan Ani Unit". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved December 25, 2011. 
  31. ^ a b c Ball, Ryan (September 23, 2003). "Pencils Down at Walt Disney Animation Japan". Animation Magazine. Retrieved 27 March 2013. 
  32. ^ a b c d "Disney and Jumbo Pictures Get Animated This March With the Theatrical Release of "Doug's 1st Movie".". Business Wire. January 14, 1999. Retrieved 19 March 2013. 
  33. ^ "Pixar Founding Documents". Alvy Ray Smith. Retrieved January 11, 2011. 
  34. ^ a b c d e Graser, Marc (2001-10-23). "Disney can't keep Secret". Variety. Retrieved 2012-08-23. 
  35. ^ a b Richardson, Mark A. (April 1983). "A Dream in the Making". Cinefex (Riverside, California: Cinefex LLC.) (12). ASIN B000OE4W88. ISSN 0198-1056. 
  36. ^ Swartz, Kirsten Lee (1991-02-25). "SIMI VALLEY : Oscar to Honor Special Effects Firm". Retrieved 2012-08-23. 
  37. ^ a b McNary, Dave (October 28, 1999). "DISNEY, DQI TO FORM THE SECRET LAB". Daily News (Los Angeles, CA). Retrieved 23 February 2013. 
  38. ^ DiOrio, Carl (September 25, 2000). "Inside Move: Disney kills 'Wildlife' pic". Variety. Archived from the original on January 25, 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2013. 
  39. ^ DiOrio, Carl (Oct. 24, 2001). "Fox Family costs Mouse less cheese in final deal". Variety. Archived from the original on January 23, 2013. Retrieved 2009-08-13. 
  40. ^ "SIP Animation Appoint Sylvie Barro As Head Of Development". 4rfv.co.uk. January 17, 2007. Retrieved 15 March 2013. 
  41. ^ Godfrey, Leigh (September 25, 2002). "Saban Becomes SIP Before Journey To Mipcom". Animation World Network. Retrieved March 15, 2013. 
  42. ^ Waller, Ed (October 1, 2002). "SIP Animation adapts Italian comic books". C21 Media. Retrieved March 15, 2013. 
  43. ^ Jetix Concept Animation at the Internet Movie Databaseneed better references

External links [edit]

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