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'''Arta''' ({{lang-el|Άρτα}}) is a city with a rich history in north-western [[Greece]], capital of the [[Arta Prefecture]] which is part of the [[Epirus]] province. The city was known in ancient times as ''[[Ambracia|Amprakia]]'' ({{lang-el|Αμπρακία}}). Arta is famous for its [[Arta's Old Bridge|old bridge]] located over the [[Arachthos river]], situated west of downtown. Arta is also known for its ancient sites from the era of [[Pyrrhus of Epirus]] and its 13th century old castle, one of the best preserved in [[Greece]]. Arta's rich [[Byzantine]] history can be also traced today via its many [[Byzantine]] churches; perhaps best known is the church of the Panayía Parigorítissa (Mother of God the Swiftly Consoling), built about 1290 by Despot [[Nikephoros]]. The city is the seat of the Technological Educational Institute of Epirus.
'''Arta''' ({{lang-el|Άρτα}}, {{lang-sq|Nartë}}<ref>John Van Antwerp Fine, The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest ISBN 0472082604</ref>) is a city with a rich history in north-western [[Greece]], capital of the [[Arta Prefecture]] which is part of the [[Epirus]] province. The city was known in ancient times as ''[[Ambracia|Amprakia]]'' ({{lang-el|Αμπρακία}}). Arta is famous for its [[Arta's Old Bridge|old bridge]] located over the [[Arachthos river]], situated west of downtown. Arta is also known for its ancient sites from the era of [[Pyrrhus of Epirus]] and its 13th century old castle, one of the best preserved in [[Greece]]. Arta's rich [[Byzantine]] history can be also traced today via its many [[Byzantine]] churches; perhaps best known is the church of the Panayía Parigorítissa (Mother of God the Swiftly Consoling), built about 1290 by Despot [[Nikephoros]]. The city is the seat of the Technological Educational Institute of Epirus.


==History==
==History==

Revision as of 20:03, 5 June 2009

Arta
Άρτα
Settlement
The Bridge of Arta
The Bridge of Arta
CountryGreece
Administrative regionEpirus
Districts5
Government
 • MayorPanagiotis Ekonomidis
Area
 • Total47.973 km2 (18.522 sq mi)
Elevation
30 m (100 ft)
Population
 (2001)[1]
 • Total23,863
 • Density500/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code
471 00
Area code(s)26810
Vehicle registrationΑΤ
Websitewww.arta.gr

Arta (Greek: Άρτα, Albanian: Nartë[2]) is a city with a rich history in north-western Greece, capital of the Arta Prefecture which is part of the Epirus province. The city was known in ancient times as Amprakia (Greek: Αμπρακία). Arta is famous for its old bridge located over the Arachthos river, situated west of downtown. Arta is also known for its ancient sites from the era of Pyrrhus of Epirus and its 13th century old castle, one of the best preserved in Greece. Arta's rich Byzantine history can be also traced today via its many Byzantine churches; perhaps best known is the church of the Panayía Parigorítissa (Mother of God the Swiftly Consoling), built about 1290 by Despot Nikephoros. The city is the seat of the Technological Educational Institute of Epirus.

History

The history of Arta stretches back to the Paleolithic ages. The first settlement in the area of the modern city was established in the 9th century B.C. Amvrakia (ancient name of Arta) was founded by the Corinthians at the 7th century B.C.

Antiquity

Further information: Ancient Greece and Roman Greece
File:Arta-Pyrrhus.jpg
A monument of Pyrrhus in the town of Arta, Epirus.

In 295 BC Pyrrhus of Epirus, king of the Molossians transferred the capital of his kingdom to Ambrakia, which he used as a base from which he attacked the Romans. Pyrrhus managed to achieve great but costly victories against the Romans and he became famous for the phrase "Pyrrhic victory" which refers to an exchange at the Battle of Asculum. In 146 BC Amvrakia became part of the Roman empire and the province of Epirus was renamed Epirus Vetus, to distinguish it from Epirus Nova to the east. The town is not mentioned under the name of Arta until 1082.

Byzantine/Ottoman Era

Further information: Byzantine Greece and Ottoman Greece

In 1204 after the fall of Constantinople to the Crusaders, it became the capital of the Despotate of Epirus. The Despotate of Epirus extended up to Dyrrhachium, and included the entire north-western Greece and regions of Thessaly and north-western Macedonia. Its founder was Michael I Komnenos Doukas (1205-1215), relative of the imperial Byzantine family of Komnenos. After brief conquests of the city by the Italian dynasty of Orsini (1318-1337), Serbian Empire (1337 - 1359), Albanian clans (1359-1416) and Italian rulers (Carlo II Tocco, Leonardo III Tocco), the Ottoman Turks conquered it in 1449 and renamed her name as "Narda". She was occupied by Venetians in 1717 and the French in 1797. Ottomans reoccupied her in 1799. The city was eventually liberated from the Ottomans and annexed to Greece in 1881 by the Treaty of Berlin.

Landmarks

Classical

The modern city has been built on the ancient Ambrakia. Remains of the classic era include the ancient walls of Ambrakia, the ruins of the ancient temple of Apollo, the small theatre of Ambrakia and remnants of the southwest cemetery of Ambrakia.

Byzantine

Late 13th century Church of the Parigoritria

The castle of Arta was built by Michael II Komnenos Doukas in the middle of 13th century. It is representative of Byzantine architecture and is well preserved. The most important Byzantine church is the Church of Parigoritria that was built during 1285-89 by Nikephoros I Komnenos Doukas and his wife Anna Palaiologina Catacuzene. The church of Saint Theodora is another fine example of Byzantine architecture. It is dedicated to the protector of Arta and is the only surviving department of the abbey that was founded in the 13th century by the queen of the Despotate of Epirus, Theodora in honour of Saint George, functioning as a nunnery. After the death of her husband, Theodora herself became a nun, and was buried there and the temple is honoured in her name. Other important Byzantine monuments include the churches of Saint Basil (Hagios Vasilios), the Abbey of Kato Panagia, Hagios Vasilios of the Bridge, Panagia Vlaherna, Panagia Brioni in Neohoraki, Saint Demetrius Katsouri in Plisioi, the Red Church in Vourgareli, Panagia of Koronisia in Koronisia and the church of Pantanassa in Filippiada.

Museums

  • Museum of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of Arta
  • Church of Parigoritissa
  • Folk museum 'Skoufas'
  • Historical museum 'Skoufas'
  • Private folk museum in Kypseli.
  • Archaeological museum of Koronisia

Technological Educational Institute of Epirus

The Technological Educational Institute of Epirus (T.E.I.) [1] of Epirus has a main campus and its administration seat in Arta and has branch campuses in the three other main cities of Epirus, Ioannina, Igoumenitsa and Preveza. It has four (4) Faculties and thirteen (13) Departments.

Transportation

Arta is located NNW of Antirrio, Messolongi and Agrinio, NE of Preveza, SSE of Ioannina and nearly SW of Trikala.

Regular bus lines are connecting Arta with all bigger Greek cities. (bus to Athens departs several times a day and trip takes about 5 hours)

The city is linked with the GR-5 (Antirrio - Ioannina) and the GR-30 which links with Peta and Trikala. The Arachthos River flows to the west with its reservoir lying directly to the north.

Municipal districts

Subdivisions

Historical population

Year Population Change
1981 20,004 -
1991 23,710 +3,706/+18.53%
2001 23,863 +153/+0.65%

Famous people

Professional sports

Handball

Basketball

Football

Volleyball

See also

References

  1. ^ De Facto Population of Greece Population and Housing Census of March 18th, 2001 (PDF 39 MB). National Statistical Service of Greece. 2003.
  2. ^ John Van Antwerp Fine, The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest ISBN 0472082604

External links

Template:Arta Prefecture

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