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WikiDemon is associated with private equity http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Private_Equity - likely conflict - removing seemingly objectionable "muckracking" re Bodnick politics, and SuperPac theory (from Quora itself), re POV
separating "content criticism and reviews" from financials
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In April 2014, it was announced that Quora was raising $80 million from [[Tiger Global]] at a reported $900 million "near-unicorn" valuation.<ref>{{cite web|URL=
In April 2014, it was announced that Quora was raising $80 million from [[Tiger Global]] at a reported $900 million "near-unicorn" valuation.<ref>{{cite web|URL=
http://fortune.com/2014/04/09/quora-raises-80-million-at-a-near-unicorn-valuation/ }}</ref>
http://fortune.com/2014/04/09/quora-raises-80-million-at-a-near-unicorn-valuation/ }}</ref>
<ref name=tiger1>{{cite web|url= http://techcrunch.com/2014/04/09/quora-forever/|title = Quora Wants To Stay Independent, Raises $80M Series C From Tiger Global At ~$900M Valuation|last = Constine|first = Josh|date = April 9, 2014|accessdate = May 11, 2014|publisher = ''[[TechCrunch]]''}}</ref><ref name=tiger2>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/alexkonrad/2014/04/09/quora-raises-80-million-to-stay-independent/|title = Quora Raises $80 Million From Tiger Global To 'Stay Independent Forever'|last = Konrad|first = Alex|date = May 9, 2014|accessdate = May 11, 2014|publisher = ''[[Forbes]]''}}</ref><ref name=tiger3>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/04/09/us-funding-startups-quora-idUSBREA380ZL20140409|title = Tiger Global helps Q&A site Quora raise $80 million|last = McBride|first = Sarah|date = April 9, 2014|accessdate = May 11, 2014|publisher = ''[[Reuters]]''}}</ref><ref name=tiger4>{{cite web|title=Quora Raises $80M Led by Tiger Global, Now Valued at $900Ml|url=http://recode.net/2014/04/09/quora-raises-80m-led-by-tiger-global-now-valued-at-900m/|work=Re/code|accessdate=11 April 2014|date=9 April 2014}}</ref> Quora was also one of the members of the Summer 2014 [[Y Combinator (company)|Y Combinator]] batch.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://techcrunch.com/2014/05/11/quora-y-combinator/|title = Q: Why Did Quora Join Y Combinator? A: It Was Almost Free|last = Constine|first = Josh|date = May 11, 2014|accessdate = May 11, 2014|publisher = ''[[TechCrunch]]''}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.quora.com/Quora-company/Why-did-Quora-join-the-2014-Y-Combinator-batch/answer/Adam-DAngelo?share=1|title = Quora (company): Why did Quora join the 2014 Y Combinator batch?|last = D'Angelo|first = Adam|authorlink = Adam D'Angelo|publisher = Quora|date = May 9, 2014|accessdate = May 11, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.ycombinator.com/quora-in-the-next-yc-batch|title = Quora in the next YC batch|last = Altman|first = Sam|authorlink = Sam Altman|date = May 9, 2014|accessdate = May 12, 2014|publisher = [[Y Combinator (company)|Y Combinator]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://venturebeat.com/2014/05/09/meet-the-oldest-y-combinator-startup-ever-quora/|title = Meet the oldest Y Combinator startup ever: Quora|publisher = [[VentureBeat]]|last = Kokalitcheva|first = Kia|date = May 9, 2014|accessdate = May 12, 2014}}</ref>. The validity of this valuation is hotly debated. , with critics pointing out Quora's
<ref name=tiger1>{{cite web|url= http://techcrunch.com/2014/04/09/quora-forever/|title = Quora Wants To Stay Independent, Raises $80M Series C From Tiger Global At ~$900M Valuation|last = Constine|first = Josh|date = April 9, 2014|accessdate = May 11, 2014|publisher = ''[[TechCrunch]]''}}</ref><ref name=tiger2>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/alexkonrad/2014/04/09/quora-raises-80-million-to-stay-independent/|title = Quora Raises $80 Million From Tiger Global To 'Stay Independent Forever'|last = Konrad|first = Alex|date = May 9, 2014|accessdate = May 11, 2014|publisher = ''[[Forbes]]''}}</ref><ref name=tiger3>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/04/09/us-funding-startups-quora-idUSBREA380ZL20140409|title = Tiger Global helps Q&A site Quora raise $80 million|last = McBride|first = Sarah|date = April 9, 2014|accessdate = May 11, 2014|publisher = ''[[Reuters]]''}}</ref><ref name=tiger4>{{cite web|title=Quora Raises $80M Led by Tiger Global, Now Valued at $900Ml|url=http://recode.net/2014/04/09/quora-raises-80m-led-by-tiger-global-now-valued-at-900m/|work=Re/code|accessdate=11 April 2014|date=9 April 2014}}</ref> Quora was also one of the members of the Summer 2014 [[Y Combinator (company)|Y Combinator]] batch.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://techcrunch.com/2014/05/11/quora-y-combinator/|title = Q: Why Did Quora Join Y Combinator? A: It Was Almost Free|last = Constine|first = Josh|date = May 11, 2014|accessdate = May 11, 2014|publisher = ''[[TechCrunch]]''}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.quora.com/Quora-company/Why-did-Quora-join-the-2014-Y-Combinator-batch/answer/Adam-DAngelo?share=1|title = Quora (company): Why did Quora join the 2014 Y Combinator batch?|last = D'Angelo|first = Adam|authorlink = Adam D'Angelo|publisher = Quora|date = May 9, 2014|accessdate = May 11, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.ycombinator.com/quora-in-the-next-yc-batch|title = Quora in the next YC batch|last = Altman|first = Sam|authorlink = Sam Altman|date = May 9, 2014|accessdate = May 12, 2014|publisher = [[Y Combinator (company)|Y Combinator]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://venturebeat.com/2014/05/09/meet-the-oldest-y-combinator-startup-ever-quora/|title = Meet the oldest Y Combinator startup ever: Quora|publisher = [[VentureBeat]]|last = Kokalitcheva|first = Kia|date = May 9, 2014|accessdate = May 12, 2014}}</ref>. The validity of this valuation is hotly debated.

== Content criticism and reviews ==

Quora's unusual model has marked it out as unattractive to promoters <ref>http://quorareview.com/2011/02/06/why-quora-social-media-experts-don’t-mix/</ref> deliberately, with its early promotion focused on attracting genuine scholarly essay answers. Other sites regularly summarize Quora's best answers <ref>http://www.lifehack.org/articles/lifestyle/271-best-answers-quora-you-might-have-missed-last-year.html</ref> as does Quora itself <ref>http://www.quora.com/What-are-Quoras-best-answers-of-2014-1</ref>. However, these are a vanishingly tiny portion of the entire corpus of answers.

Most criticism and reviews of Quora are on Quora itself, as it appears few outside critics bother to review it. Some general criticisms include:
*lack of non-English-speaking users
*lack of non-English-speaking users
*crude, personality-not-policy-based, moderation, with lack of formal appeals or short term "cooling off" blocks like Wikipedia's
*crude, personality-not-policy-based, moderation, with lack of formal appeals or short term "cooling off" blocks like Wikipedia's
*lack of dialogue between multiple competent scholars
*lack of serious intellectual participation or any requirement to provide verifiable sources
**no requirement to provide verifiable sources in answers, many heavily upvoted answers are just widely shared views
*lack of any neutral board or other oversight to ensure systemic biases do not affect quality or diversity of answers
*lack of any neutral board or other oversight to ensure systemic biases do not affect quality or diversity of answers
**specifically, lack of any oversight over overt political censorship by key editorial personnel.
**specifically, lack of any oversight over overt political censorship by key editorial personnel

Most of these appear to be scale problems. Wikipedia, for instance, only evolved an appeals and arbitration process, and scholarly participation at a much larger size than Quora has achieved.


== See also ==
== See also ==

Revision as of 20:03, 2 March 2015

For the legislature term, see Quorum.
Quora, Inc.
Type of businessPrivate
Type of site
Question & Answer
Available inEnglish
HeadquartersMountain View, California
Area servedWorldwide
Founder(s)Adam D'Angelo
Charlie Cheever
Key peopleAdam D'Angelo (CEO)
Marc Bodnick
Employees106[1]
URLwww.quora.com
RegistrationRequired
LaunchedJune 2009
Current statusActive

Quora is a question-and-answer website where questions are created, answered, edited and organized by its community of users. The company was founded in June 2009, and the website was made available to the public on June 21, 2010.[3] Quora aggregates questions and answers to topics. Users can collaborate by editing questions and suggesting edits to other users' answers.[4]

History

Quora was co-founded by two former Facebook employees, Adam D'Angelo and Charlie Cheever. D'Angelo resigned from his position at Facebook in January 2010 to create Quora.[5] He said that he and Cheever were inspired to create Quora because "we thought that Q & A is one of those areas on the internet where there are a lot of sites, but no one had come along and built something that was really good yet."[6]

In 2010, D'Angelo and Cheever were among five named "Smartest Engineer runner-up" in the "smartest people in the tech" article by CNNMoney.[7] They were also both listed in Inc. magazine's "Top 30 Under-30" entrepreneurs list of 2011.[8][9]

On its launch in 2010, Quora was favorably described in articles published by The New York Times, USA Today, Time and The Daily Telegraph.[10][11][12][13]

These assessments however largely came from US financial press including some very closely associated with the communities most heavily using Quora, and even with its founders. Some of which rely on advertising from financiers associated with its investors.

According to Robert Scoble, Quora succeeded in combining attributes of Twitter, Facebook, and similar websites that are based on a system of users voting up content.[14] Scoble later criticized Quora for being a "horrid service for blogging," and although a decent question and answer website, not substantially better than competitors.[15] The Daily Telegraph in 2010 predicted that Quora will become larger than Twitter.[13] (It has not). Quora, along with Airbnb and Dropbox, was named among the next generation of multibillion dollar start-ups by the New York Times in 2011 [16] (it has not achieved a $1B valuation as of March 2015, nearly five years since then).

As of 2015 the overwhelming majority of reviews of Quora come from Quora itself. There is a noticeable lack of interest or endorsement outside New York and Silicon Valley, even from India which attracts more Quora users and is its most viable market. There was no financial press coverage in 2014-15 except for a critical Fortune article (see below).

Growth and outreach

Quora's base of users grew quickly in December 2010.[17] to an estimated 500,000 registered users, as of January 2011.[18]. It was compared at the time to StackOverflow[19] as a resource for technical questions.

Growth since 2011 has been extremely hard to determine as registrations are no longer revealed. Questions about readership on Quora itself go systematically and officially unanswered [20] as of early 2015. Technical press [21] consistently repeats this complaint, for example citing this assessment:

"Quora has been cagey about its stats since forever, only talking in relative growth and vanity metrics rather than absolute user counts … This makes it tough to know exactly how popular it is, but the general consensus hovers around “known amongst Silicon Valley intellectuals” and “just not big enough”." - Josh Constine[22]

Technical press has also been criticial of forcing users to sign up to read, forcing them to download the mobile app from its earliest buggiest versions even to read or answer online, led to criticism in the technical press that it was "alienating key users" [23]. Terms like "underachieve", "plateau", and "failing" began to appear including in Fortune magazine in March 2014 [24] despite its own unverifiable claims to have tripled usage in 2013 [25]. Furthermore, outlandish claims such as "5x to 15x" more users than public measurement services reflect, have been made by Marc Bodnick to investors[26]. There is absolutely no reason to believe these claims as they cannot be independently verified even by auditors.

Leadership

In September 2012, co-founder Charlie Cheever announced that he was stepping back from a day-to-day role at the company, while continuing to retain an advisory role.[27][28] An article in Business Insider quoted an anonymous Quora answer, claimed to be written by an insider, that stated that Cheever left the company because he wanted to focus on the user experience, whereas D'Angelo wanted to focus on growth, and D'Angelo, by financing the Series B investment mostly from his own money, acquired sufficient control over the company to have things his way.[29]

Notably direct editorial supervision and control of all moderation being handed to Marc Bodnick, an investor and private equity venture capitalist, described as the site's "grown up" [30].

Bodnick has been prone to make outlandish and unverifiable claims about the company, notably that public measurement services “significantly underestimate” Quora, and “are off by a factor of 5X to 15X" as of early 2014.[31] Under his control the company has made it simply impossible to verify claims about its user base size.

Social media features

In June 2011, Quora was redesigned, copying functions from Wikipedia - by then, Jimmy Wales was a minor investor in the company.[32]

Also like Wikipedia, Quora released an official iPhone app on September 29, 2011 [33] and an official Android app on September 5, 2012.[34]. These had grievous problems initially including literally destroying answers above an undisclosed maximum length, without notice or ability to save drafts. Android Quora as of March 2015 still did not save long drafts but did not destroy them irrevocably without notice in a save attempt as earlier versions had. Ongoing quality control problems are addressed largely through Q&A on Quora itself which has numerous disadvantages, such as problems that cause users to entirely cease using Quora going unreported.

In January 2013, Quora launched a blogging platform.[35]

Quora launched full text search of questions and answers on its website on March 20, 2013,[36] and extended the feature to mobile devices in late May 2013.[37] It also announced in May 2013 that all its metrics had grown 3X relative to the same time last year.[38]

On November 12, 2013, Quora introduced a feature they called Stats that they billed as a dashboard for writers. This would allow all Quora users to see summary and detailed statistics regarding how many people had viewed, upvoted, followed, and shared their questions and answers.[39][40] TechCrunch reported that, although Quora did not have any immediate plans for monetization, they believed that search ads would likely be their eventual source of monetization.[41]

Operation

Quora requires users to register with their real names rather than a screen name and the site is essentially unusable if not logged in. Quora users may also log into Quora with their Google, Twitter or Facebook accounts using the OpenID technology. Quora users can upvote or downvote answers; they can also suggest edits to existing answers provided by other users. The Quora community includes some well-known people, such as Steve Case, Marc Andreessen, Dustin Moskovitz, Jimmy Wales, Michael Dell, Justin Trudeau, Stephen Fry and Ashton Kutcher.[18][42][43][44] The largest group of Quora users is located in Silicon Valley, followed by New York City.[5] Close to 40% of its users are from India as of January 2014.[45]

Quora uses the Pylons and Comet technologies for its backend and Ubuntu Linux as its operating system with MySQL as its database. It also uses Git and memcached. Quora uses Nginx as a reverse proxy server and HAProxy for load balancing.[citation needed] Quora has developed its own algorithm for ranking answers, which works similar to PageRank.[46] Quora uses Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud technology to host the servers that run its website.[47][48] In August 2011, Quora switched its infrastructure's Python implementation from CPython to PyPy, in order to improve response time.[49]

Unlike other question-and-answer platforms, Quora incorporates the aspect of gamification into their platform. For example, a user is rewarded credits for providing a quality answer. With these credits, users are able to individually ask and compensate experts to answer a certain question. For example, a user might use 250 credits to ask an 'expert' (meaning in effect any user) to answer the question.

The aspect of being able to ask experts questions in exchange for credits is claimed by Quora to be unique to Quora's platform.[50][unreliable source?]. This suggests legal action against other social media incorporating these feature was intended as a business strategy, but recent changes to software patent law make this likely infeasible: no algorithm has been disclosed to the US PTO for adjusting credit prices, and just one individual - Yair Livne - claims to "run Quora's virtual economy" [51]. Furthermore, auto-pricing answers is widely derided by many users, who often seek to turn it off, or limit it to specific topics. Basic questions about it go unanswered. [52].

Privacy concerns

In August 2012, blogger Ivan Kirigin pointed out that it was possible for acquaintances to see his activity including which questions he had looked at.[53]. The observation was widely repeated, resulting in adjectives like "creepy"[54] and a general perception of unconcern with privacy.[55] In response, Quora stopped showing question views in feeds later that month.[56]

By default, Quora exposes its users' profiles, including their real names, to search engines.[57]. It is possible, as of August 2014, to see all answers without logging in [58].

Other privacy concerns remain. Inactive or blocked users remain visible on Quora with no way to respond to later comment by active users, including libelous claims or criminal accusations. (to prevent this a "right to be forgotten" is implemented in some social media and search engines [59]. This is legally mandated in Europe [60][61] and is being enforced on facebook. [62]. The more limited right that Wikipedia refers to as "courtesy vanishing" would not satisfy the stricter EU requirement.

The ability to archive all of one's contributions as on Facebook is also lacking, meaning even hacked or forgotten posts may be more accessible to users or moderators, than contributors who made them.

Quora appears to be reacting to these trend as there is no announced policy regarding the privacy nor libel legislation of India, Canada, the UK or Australia, despite about half of all users coming from those countries. Business partner Forbes Magazine has described other EU policies as "incredibly silly" [63].

Financials

In March 2010, Quora received funding in the amount of $11 million from Benchmark Capital, valuing the start-up at $86 million.[64] Quora's valuation was rumored to be more than $1 billion in February 2011,[65] and the privately held company possibly turned down an acquisition offer of $300 million, according to Business Insider.[66]

In May 2012, Quora raised $50 million in Series B funds, valuing the company at over $400 million,[67][68] bringing their total funding to $61 million. Co-founder D'Angelo, who owns 0.8% of Facebook stock, also invested $20 million of his own money in the B round.[68]

In April 2014, Quora announced an $80 million Series C round of funding, valuing the company at over $900 million. The funding was led by Tiger Global Management.[69][70][71][72] D’Angelo also said the site would likely introduce its first ads in 2015.


In April 2014, it was announced that Quora was raising $80 million from Tiger Global at a reported $900 million "near-unicorn" valuation.[73] [69][70][71][72] Quora was also one of the members of the Summer 2014 Y Combinator batch.[74][75][76][77]. The validity of this valuation is hotly debated.

Content criticism and reviews

Quora's unusual model has marked it out as unattractive to promoters [78] deliberately, with its early promotion focused on attracting genuine scholarly essay answers. Other sites regularly summarize Quora's best answers [79] as does Quora itself [80]. However, these are a vanishingly tiny portion of the entire corpus of answers.

Most criticism and reviews of Quora are on Quora itself, as it appears few outside critics bother to review it. Some general criticisms include:

  • lack of non-English-speaking users
  • crude, personality-not-policy-based, moderation, with lack of formal appeals or short term "cooling off" blocks like Wikipedia's
  • lack of dialogue between multiple competent scholars
    • no requirement to provide verifiable sources in answers, many heavily upvoted answers are just widely shared views
  • lack of any neutral board or other oversight to ensure systemic biases do not affect quality or diversity of answers
    • specifically, lack of any oversight over overt political censorship by key editorial personnel

Most of these appear to be scale problems. Wikipedia, for instance, only evolved an appeals and arbitration process, and scholarly participation at a much larger size than Quora has achieved.

See also

References

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  4. ^ Wortham, Jenna (March 12, 2010). "Facebook Helps Social Start-Ups Gain Users". New York Times. Retrieved March 29, 2010.
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External links

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