Valentin Galochkin: Difference between revisions
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| birthdate = [[22 November]] [[1928]] |
| birthdate = [[22 November]] [[1928]] |
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| location = {{USSR}} [[Dnepropetrovsk]] |
| location = {{USSR}} [[Dnepropetrovsk]] |
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| deathdate = [[3 November]] [[ |
| deathdate = [[3 November]] [[2006]] |
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| deathplace = {{Russia}} [[Moscow]] |
| deathplace = {{Russia}} [[Moscow]] |
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'''Valentin Andreevich Galochkin''' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: Валенти́н Андре́евич Га́лочкин) ([[22 November]] [[1928]] — [[3 November]] [[ |
'''Valentin Andreevich Galochkin''' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: Валенти́н Андре́евич Га́лочкин) ([[22 November]] [[1928]] — [[3 November]] [[2006]]) was a prominent soviet (ukrainian, russian) sculptor. |
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== Biography == |
== Biography == |
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Galochkin was born in [[Dnepropetrovsk]] ([[USSR]]). His father |
Galochkin was born in [[Dnepropetrovsk]] ([[USSR]]). His father Andrey Andreevich Galochkin (russian) came from [[Kaluga]] region and was a restaurant chief, later a modeller. Mother Olga Grigorievna Liberman (jewish) came from the town of [[Chegorin]] ([[Ukraine]]) and worked as an accountant. Honesty and decency were of high value in the family which later shaped the sculptor's position of not supporting what he didn't hold for right. |
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[[Image:ValentinGalochkin_1946.jpg|thumb|left|100px|Valentin Galochkin in an art school in Dnepropetrovsk (1946)]] |
[[Image:ValentinGalochkin_1946.jpg|thumb|left|100px|Valentin Galochkin in an art school in Dnepropetrovsk (1946)]] |
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For his work "Hiroshima" ([[1957]]) Galochkin was in the age of 29 nominated for [[Lenin Prize]], at that time the highest award in the [[USSR]], however the [[1957]] prize went to 83 y.o. [[Sergey Konenkov]]. |
For his work "Hiroshima" ([[1957]]) Galochkin was in the age of 29 nominated for [[Lenin Prize]], at that time the highest award in the [[USSR]], however the [[1957]] prize went to 83 y.o. [[Sergey Konenkov]]. |
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Very soon the young Galochkin's career came to a halt due to conflicts with the communist authorities. The scultor refused to join the [[Communist Party of the USSR]] and actively support the [[ |
Very soon the young Galochkin's career came to a halt due to conflicts with the communist authorities. The scultor refused to join the [[Communist Party of the USSR]] and actively support the [[soviet propaganda]] seeing his mission as an artist in achieving recognition regardless of his personal connections with the party leaders. Although he had to accept government's orders until [[1991]] for propaganda-serving [[Monument|monuments]] in [[Russia]] and the [[Ukraine]] (in USSR private orders were rare and came also from party bosses) he did his best to express general [[Human values]] and reduce communistic [[pathos]]. |
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In [[1968]] Valentin Galochkin won a prize in a Festival of young artists in [[Vienna]]. In 1960s and 1970s he visits the [[UK]], [[France]], [[Egypt]] и [[Greece]]. He was impressed by [[Louvre]]. As he later recalled, he had so much waited to see this "temple of art" that right at the entrance, after he saw the statue of [[Nike of Samothrace]], he couldn't help crying and for two hours didn't dare to enter the museum. |
In [[1968]] Valentin Galochkin won a prize in a Festival of young artists in [[Vienna]]. In 1960s and 1970s he visits the [[UK]], [[France]], [[Egypt]] и [[Greece]]. He was impressed by [[Louvre]]. As he later recalled, he had so much waited to see this "temple of art" that right at the entrance, after he saw the statue of [[Nike of Samothrace]], he couldn't help crying and for two hours didn't dare to enter the museum. |
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[[Image:ValentinGalochkin_1980.jpg|thumb|right|100px| |
[[Image:ValentinGalochkin_1980.jpg|thumb|right|100px|Galochkin in 1980]] |
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Valentin Galochkin was 3 times married. The 1st marriage ([[1958]]) to Yulia Ukader (soviet, ukrainian sculptor). Daughter from the 1st marriage — Tatiana Ryabokon, born Galochkina (painter). The 2nd marriage ([[1978]]) to Elena Bokshitskaya (cinema-reviewer). Daughter from the 2nd marriage — Anna Bokshitskaya (journalist). The 3d marriage ([[1980]]) to Lidia Galochkina, born Abramenko (russian sculptor, graphic artist). Sons from the 3d marriage — Igor Galochkin(programmer) and Andrey Galochkin (engineer). Valentin Galochkin was a sportsman, [[Master of Sports]] in [[swimming]] and [[volleyball]], hunter and fisherman. |
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В.Галочкин был женат 3 раза. Первый брак ([[1958]] г.) с Юлией Укадер (советский украинский скульптор). Дочь от первого брака — Татьяна Рябоконь, урожд. Галочкина (живописец). Второй брак ([[1978]] г.) с Елена Бокшицкой (киновед). Дочь от второго брака — Анна Бокшицкая (журналист). Третий брак ([[1980]] г.) с Лидией Галочкиной, урожд. Абраменко (российский скульптор, график). Сыновья от третьего брака — Игорь Галочкин (программист) и Андрей Галочкин (инженер). В.Галочкин занимался спортом, был мастером спорта по плаванию и волейболу, увлекался охотой и рыбной ловлей. |
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In [[1986]] after [[Chernobyl disaster]] the scultor moved with his family from [[Kiev]] to [[Moscow]]. With [[Dissolution of the USSR]] in [[1991]], as many artists, Valentin Galochkin faced financial difficulties and lived from selling his older works. In [[1999]] he emigrated to [[Germany]], to the town of [[Wismar]], and in [[2002]] moved to [[Гамбург]]. In [[2002]] he felt ill and had to undergo a few operations. He died from a [[heart attack]] on [[3 November]] [[2006]] г. во время поездки в [[Россия|Россию]], в [[Москва|Москве]]. Похоронен на [[Нахабино|Нахабинском]] кладбище [[8 ноября]] [[2006]] г. |
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== Художественный стиль == |
== Художественный стиль == |
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[http://geocities.com/valentingalochkin Official site] |
[http://geocities.com/valentingalochkin Official site] |
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Revision as of 22:00, 21 November 2008
Valentin Galochkin | |
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Valentin Andreevich Galochkin (Russian: Валенти́н Андре́евич Га́лочкин) (22 November 1928 — 3 November 2006) was a prominent soviet (ukrainian, russian) sculptor.
Biography
Galochkin was born in Dnepropetrovsk (USSR). His father Andrey Andreevich Galochkin (russian) came from Kaluga region and was a restaurant chief, later a modeller. Mother Olga Grigorievna Liberman (jewish) came from the town of Chegorin (Ukraine) and worked as an accountant. Honesty and decency were of high value in the family which later shaped the sculptor's position of not supporting what he didn't hold for right.
When WWII began in 1941 the family was evacuated to Krasnodar region, then to Uzbekistan to return in 1944 to Dnepropetrovsk. From 1944 till 1949 Valentin Galochkin attended an art school in Dnepropetrovsk and learned from prof. Zhiradkov. From 1949 till 1955 he studied sculpture at Kiev Institute of Fine Arts. His favorite professor was Max Isaevich Gelmann.
Galochkin's graduation work "Steel smelter" (1956) was such a success, that the insitute casted it in bronze and sold to the USSR Ministry for Culture to exibit in Lvov State Art Museum (Ukraine). Galochkin was immediately appointed head artists of Kiev sculture works and remained at this post till 1959.
For his work "Hiroshima" (1957) Galochkin was in the age of 29 nominated for Lenin Prize, at that time the highest award in the USSR, however the 1957 prize went to 83 y.o. Sergey Konenkov.
Very soon the young Galochkin's career came to a halt due to conflicts with the communist authorities. The scultor refused to join the Communist Party of the USSR and actively support the soviet propaganda seeing his mission as an artist in achieving recognition regardless of his personal connections with the party leaders. Although he had to accept government's orders until 1991 for propaganda-serving monuments in Russia and the Ukraine (in USSR private orders were rare and came also from party bosses) he did his best to express general Human values and reduce communistic pathos.
In 1968 Valentin Galochkin won a prize in a Festival of young artists in Vienna. In 1960s and 1970s he visits the UK, France, Egypt и Greece. He was impressed by Louvre. As he later recalled, he had so much waited to see this "temple of art" that right at the entrance, after he saw the statue of Nike of Samothrace, he couldn't help crying and for two hours didn't dare to enter the museum.
Valentin Galochkin was 3 times married. The 1st marriage (1958) to Yulia Ukader (soviet, ukrainian sculptor). Daughter from the 1st marriage — Tatiana Ryabokon, born Galochkina (painter). The 2nd marriage (1978) to Elena Bokshitskaya (cinema-reviewer). Daughter from the 2nd marriage — Anna Bokshitskaya (journalist). The 3d marriage (1980) to Lidia Galochkina, born Abramenko (russian sculptor, graphic artist). Sons from the 3d marriage — Igor Galochkin(programmer) and Andrey Galochkin (engineer). Valentin Galochkin was a sportsman, Master of Sports in swimming and volleyball, hunter and fisherman.
In 1986 after Chernobyl disaster the scultor moved with his family from Kiev to Moscow. With Dissolution of the USSR in 1991, as many artists, Valentin Galochkin faced financial difficulties and lived from selling his older works. In 1999 he emigrated to Germany, to the town of Wismar, and in 2002 moved to Гамбург. In 2002 he felt ill and had to undergo a few operations. He died from a heart attack on 3 November 2006 г. во время поездки в Россию, в Москве. Похоронен на Нахабинском кладбище 8 ноября 2006 г.
Художественный стиль
Ранние работы, в том числе выпускная дипломная работа "Сталевар" (1956) выполнены в стиле социалистического реализма, в традициях Мухиной, Шадра, Меркурова.
Первая крупная работа "Хиросима" (1957), принесшая Галочкину известность в СССР, посвящена жертвам атомной бомбардировки города Хиросима во Второй мировой войне. "Хиросима" выражает протест скульптора против атомного оружия и войны, призыв к человечности.
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"Сталевар", 1956
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"Хиросима", 1957
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"В.И.Ленин", 1960
C 1957 по 1991 гг. Галочкин выполняет десятки парадных памятников и бюстов В.И.Ленина и других политических деятелей СССР. Однако скульптор никогда не воспринимал эти государственные заказы, служащие целям пропаганды, как творческую работу. Галочкин в самом начале своего творческого пути разочаровался и в художественных принципах социалистического реализма. В своем творческом поиске он ориентируется на искусство Западной Европы и США, изучает творчество Генри Мура, Цадкина, Модильяни, Бурделя, Майоля и др.
Ряд монументальных работ Галочкина посвящен теме Второй мировой войны. Однако видение войны художником, пережившим эвакуацию и смерть родных и близких, было далеко от официальной коммунистической пропаганды. Вместо бодро шагающих солдат и вождей в парадных позах скульптор изображал страдания и скорбь, которые приносит война народу, каждому человеку.
Работа "Уходящий на фронт" 1957 г., вырубленная из куска дерева, показывает последний страстный поцелуй солдата, прощающегося с женой. В памятнике «Жертва» 1964 г. фигуру человека образует разлом в камне, как будто образовавшийся от взрыва снаряда. Исчезнувшего человека показывает его след, силуэт в воздухе. Памятник жертвам Бабьего Яра (рабочее название - "Насилие") 1964 г. - беременная женщина, рассеченная надвое, страшный символ массовых расстрелов евреев. Памятник "Вдовы" 1975 г. изображает старую и молодую женщину (мать и жену), вечно держащих каску погибшего солдата. В работе "Врата скорби" 1976 г. две "женщины оплакивают тяжкую потерю, подобно атлантам". "Памятник сожженному селу" 1979 г. - девочка, стоящая в языках пламени.
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"Уходящий на фронт", 1957
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"Жертва", 1964
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"Бабий Яр", 1964
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"Вдовы", 1975
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"Врата скорби", 1976
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"Памятник сожженному селу", 1976
Основной темой станковых работ скульптора была женская фигура и женский торс. Множество этюдов и работ, изображающих женскую фигуру в реалистической манере, было утрачено. Галочкин постепенно от реалистического изображения обнаженного тела переходит ко все большей символичности. В работах "Королева" 1965 г., "Река" 1970 г., "Виолончелистка" 1975 г. женская фигура стилизуется, превращается в игру силуэтов, объемов и "рисунков воздуха". Галочкин разрабатывает свое видение скульптуры как множества силуэтов, которые образует окружающий скульпутуру воздух. С разных ракурсов скульптура, таким образом, создает многообразие силуэтов.
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"Русалка", 1975
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Этюд ("Рабство"), 1965
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Этюд ("Весна"), 1975
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"Королева", 1965
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"Река", 1970
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"Виолончелистка", 1975
Особое значение в творчестве Галочкина приобретает геометрическая фигура эллипс, в котором скульптор видит основу композиции и "стремление к гармонии". "Торсы" 1969 и 1975 гг. приближают женский торс к эллипсам, превращаются в напряженные, гармоничные и сбалансированные формы.
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"Согнутый торс", 1969
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"Торс", 1975
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"Торсы", 1975
Цитаты (из рабочих записей)
Даже красивые, но задуманные и потому навзячивые ритмы и ажуры — тоже ложь, придуманное и потому пустое и холодное.
Бесстрастное только может обладать качеством вечного.
Если существует объективное понятие «красота» и если красивое, в таком случае, должно оставаться красивым вечно, то творить надо по законам вселенной.
Не изощренность делает произведение вечным и великим, а его обнаженная искренняя правда и чистота, простая, как сама земля, навзничь открытая людям.
Из чего состоит эта красота предмета? Наверное, прежде всего из-за гармонии и внутреннего ритма и слаженности, рациональности и скрытой целесообразности.
Чтобы твой мир стал дорог людям, а не только тебе, он должен быть гуманным.
В произведении искусства должно быть таинство
Литература
- Галочкина Л.Н. "Валентин Галочкин: Размышления о скульптуре и искусстве. Записи скульптора" (в публикации).